Sarcasm as a Tool for Politeness

55 Situation 15 Max‟s bf : Hello. Caroline : Oh, hi. Oh, Im so sorry if I woke you up. Max‟s bf : chuckles Who are you? Caroline : Im Maxs friend. Uh, dont tell her I said that, shed stab me. Laughs Max‟s bf : What are you doin over there? Caroline : Just washing my uniform, trying to make it a little more cute and a little less crusty. Max‟s bf : Oh, watch out pointing out at wastafel Caroline : Oh Sorry, oh, my… do you have a towel or a rag? Max‟s bf : No, I... I got it. takes off his t-shirt and wiping the floods Caroline : silent Oh. Okay. Max‟s bf : approaching Caroline and get closer to her I‟m Robbie. Caroline : I’m uncomfortable. You’re getting me wet. Max‟s bf : That‟s the point. The conversation between Max‟s boyfriend and Caroline happens as the continuance of situation 14. After Max takes Caroline to her place, Max leaves her for the part time job, baby sit in Manhattan. Max already shows where the bathroom, bedroom, kitchen is and she says that her boyfriend wakes up at 4 p.m. Being left alone, Caroline decides to wash her waitress uniform which has bad smells and full of stains. Unexpectedly, Max‟s boyfriend wakes up and greets Caroline. At first, Caroline is a little surprised by Robbie‟s appearing behind her immediately but then she tries to have a normal chat as how two strangers who have just meet. Later, when Caroline forgets to turns off the faucet, Robbie helps her by takes of his cloth and uses that moment to flirt Caroline. As Max‟s friend, Caroline chooses to refuse his flirt and pushes him away from her. However, as the guest in Max‟s place, Caroline still wants to be polite with him that can be seen through her utterance, “I‟m uncomfortable. You‟re getting me wet”. Instead 56 of attacks Robbie with the aggressive manner, Caroline as the speaker tends to express her uncomfortable with the use of sarcasm but as a tool for politeness. Situation 22 Max : Hi, what can I get you? Hes obviously good drink-wise. Customer : I‟ll have tea and a turkey club. Max : Anything for him? Coffee for the milk? Burger? Fries? The situation above happens when Oleg, Han, Earl and Max are starring at the customer who is a mother and her son who is about 4 years old but her mother still breast-feeding him. It is clearly seen through the table where Oleg, Han, Earl and Max stand and they stare at how the boy stands beside her mom but a half of his body is inside her mother‟s shirt. When the mother finally calls the waitress, Caroline feels that she cannot serves the customer with her saying that actually she respects it all, but she will throw up at the end. Finally Max with her curiosity goes to her table as the waitress to write down her order. Nonetheless, Max does not only write the order but she also gives her comment for h er son which says that “Hes obviously good drink-wise”. Again, after the mother orders the food, Max still offering menu for her son and the sarcastic utterance is her questioning whether he wants coffee for the milk or not. Both of the utterances says by Max are actually sarcastic comments for the son as the result for her curiosity. In this situation, Max uses sarcasm as tool for politeness. For this reason, her customers as the hearer do not get offended considering Max‟s choices of words and politeness she uses. 57 Situation 44 Han : Hello, Earl. Hello, Caroline. Hello, reason I do two hours of phone therapy every wednesday before work. So, did you all miss me? Caroline : You were gone? The situation above takes place in the diner when Han comes back from a convention about the restaurant and diner association at San Fransisco. When he enters the door, he greets the co-workers in his diner hopes that they are missing him as he gone for several days ago. Meanwhile, his co-workers in the diner does not realize that he is gone since they seem fine and are not surprised when Han appears at the diner‟s door. In order to reply Han‟s question, Caroline as the speaker still want to save Han‟s face and not uses any overt aggression. She chooses to ask “you were gone” rather than says that she does not care about Han‟s leaving which is more impolite. Caroline‟s act in saving his boss or the hearer‟s face can be the indicator of sarcasm as the use to show politeness. Situation 46 Woman 1 : Would you be interested in having a popular reality show filmed here? You... phone rings Im so sorry. I have to take this. Just a minute. talking on phone So what are we think? Caroline : Wed love it. Were in. What show? Woman 1 : Keeping up with the Kardashians. Caroline : Finally, God opens a door Max : And I’m closing a window. closing the windows The situation 46 above takes place in Max‟s cupcakes shop when a woman with a fancy car stops by and walks to the shop. The woman wants to talk to the owner of the shop to offers a special opportunity for them. The offer is that their cupcakes shop will be the place for filming one of popular reality show on 58 TV which starring the Kardashians. Caroline and Max have different response to the offering since Caroline knows the whole thing about Kardashians‟ family while Max is not. Caroline cannot agree more if the Kardashians will use their place as the setting to film their reality show which famous on TV. As Kardashians‟ fans, Caroline knows how hard it is to meet them and it is an honor to have them in the cupcake shop. Besides, the reality show will increase the popularity of Max‟s cupcakes shop since people around the world will watch the Kardashians‟ reality show. Meanwhile, Max has the opposite response from Caroline which totally disagrees with the opportunity offers to her. However, Max chooses to refuse the offer by using sarcasm as a tool for politeness since she knows that the woman stands in front of her is someone whom she should give respect to. By saying, “and I‟m closing windows” Max wants to show her disagreement but not in literal meaning. She tends to use figurative language in refusing the offer. Situation 61 Caroline : Is it even possible for Sophie to have a baby? I mean, didnt that window close around the same time Blockbuster Video did? Max : Well, we dont know how old she is. Sophies ageless, like a unicorn or... Anderson Cooper. The conversation above happens with the shocking news at that morning in the diner when everyone is working than suddenly Sophie comes with her happy face and the news about her being pregnant. Everyone in the diner knows that Sophie is Oleg‟s wife but they are married when both of them is no longer young. Sophie says that she feels something in her belly and that her boobs are PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 59 really sore. Max and Caroline do not take the news seriously because as woman they know that Sophie is not in her fertile age anymore. Besides, Sophie has not taken her pregnancy test yet. In order to make the news official, Sophie buys several sticks to prove her pregnancy. While Sophie is at the rest room, Max and Caroline talk about Sophie and her possibility to be pregnant. Caroline politely gives her comment about Sophie‟s fertility that she illustrates like the Blockbuster Video‟s door which opens and closes in seconds an d in any means Caroline wants to say that Sophie‟s fertility cannot be expected and is not easy to have a baby. Max as the hearer cannot gives her agreement to Caroline‟s assumption since none of them knows how old Sophie is since her face cannot be the indicator for identifying her age. Since Max does not know Sophie‟s exact age, she says that Sophie is ageless just like a unicorn or Anderson Cooper, one of Max‟s favorite actors which look younger than he actually is. Caroline and Max‟s sarcastic utterance here are the example of sarcasm as the use of politeness‟ tool. Both Caroline and Max tend to not use any rude words while talking about Sophie and her pregnancy still it is a sensitive thing for woman.

5. Sarcasm as Persuasive Aspects

From the findings, nine situations are found in the conversation when the sarcasm used as the persuasive aspects which the sample can be seen below, Utterance 45: Han, toast is trendy foodie food. It’ll die here, like my soul did. Utterance 47: Even one tweet from Kim would have exposed us to 22 million followers. Scientology doesnt even have those numbers. 60 Utterance 59: Han, dont blow this, it might be our only connection ever. Utterance 65: Well motivate your ass back down. I got it. This is the situation when utterance 45 is uttered which takes place in the diner. Han, coming back from San Francisco, is telling his experience in the convention for restaurant and diner association. He discovers a new item for the menu in his diner which is a toast. However, the workers at the diner do not agree for his idea in menu addition and for the toast‟s price. Situation 45 Han : I discovered an exciting new item for our menu. Oleg : No way. No new menu additions. I already lie awake in bed worrying about how high the food bar is here. Han : Its 4 toast. Max : 4 toast? Thats 5 more than our toast is worth. Han : Delicious, homemade artisan bread. At first, I was reluctant to put something so big in my mouth. But the hot butter drizzling down my chin was my sticky reward. Caroline : Han, toast is trendy foo die food. It’ll die here, like my soul did. Even though Oleg and Max already told Han their disagreement, Han still insists on his idea of the toast which is too expensive to be sold at the diner. Finally, Caroline has an idea to persuade Han about the pricey toast by making a sarcastic utterance. The word “It will die here, like my soul did.” sarcastically means that the toast will not be succeed to be sold because the customer is just plain and normal people, not the people who prefer eat at the restaurant. Caroline‟s choice of words of the utterance makes the hearer easier to remember and to understand, that the speaker is not willing to let Han add the pricey toast at the diner. This is consistent to the purpose of persuasive. 61 Situation 47 Max : Whats going on? Caroline : Even one tweet from Kim would have exposed us to 22 million followers. Scientology doesnt even have those numbers. They screwed us Max : I know. This situation happens when Max and Caroline are both disappointed after hear the news about the Kardashians ‟ not going to make their reality show in their cupcakes shop. The conversation occurred at the mid-day when Caroline still tries to sleep in her build – up bed and the clanking noise comes from the Max‟s cookware is disturbing her. Caroline seems having lack of sleep at the night since she is still trying to sleep at the mid-day and that is because her thought about the failed reality show with the Kardashians. With her sarcastic utterance, Caroline means to persuade Max to think the same way as her which mentioning about Kim Kardashian‟s followers on twitter. Caroline still imagines about how famous she will if the Kardashians really comes to film the reality shows and tweets about the cupcakes shop in her twitter. Caroline‟s utterance counts as persuasive aspects since she as the speaker tries to persuade Max as the hearer with giving the informative facts in her utterance. Situation 59 Caroline : Can you believe hes telling his entire tour that our cupcake business is gonna fail? Han : Just to play devils advocate, maybe he has the most basic understanding of supply and demand. Caroline : Han, dont blow this, it might be our only connection ever. Han : Who the hell does that dickweed think he is? PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 62 The conversation between Han and Caroline above are about the annoying tour guy whom they both hate for his attitude. However, the similarity in hating the tour guy makes Han and Caroline finally have something in common since their first meeting. In the conversation, Caroline wants Han to have the same thought as her for what the tour guy does to her and Max. Thus, when Han says something which does not support Caroline‟s utterance, she warns Han with her sarcastic utterance. By saying, “Han, dont blow this, it might be our only connection ever” Caroline asks Han to not mess up their one and only connection since she is not sure whether they will have the other connection again in the future. Caroline as the speaker uses sarcasm to persuade the hearer so that they can have the same thought, argument and point of view. Situation 65 Han : Let me help. I took a class in motivational speaking. Caroline : Well motivate your ass back down. I got it. This conversation happens in the diner when Caroline gathers some of the business owner along the Williamsburg diner to talk about their place which soon will be replaced by a big theatre called iMax. Caroline as the speaker greets them, introduces herself and starts with the introduction about the issues. Seeing that Caroline cannot go well with her speech, Han offers his help to make the speech more clear and people gathered there understand the explanation since he ever takes motivational class. Meanwhile, Caroline does not need Han‟s help since she thinks that she can handle the meeting. Therefore, she says her sarcastic 63 utterance which persuades Han to go back to his seat and let her continue her speech. This is the example of sarcasm used as persuasive aspects.

6. Sarcasm as Retract Ability

There are only two utterances found in the collected data from Episodes 1, Season 1 to Season 5 in Two Broke Girls TV Series. The utterances can be seen below, Utterance 9: You did better than I thought you would. Utterance 26: Nice, Han. Shes upset again. Happy? The utterance 9 found in the episode 1 of the first season when the diner is closed and Max is going to count the tips. Situation 9 Max : We split the tips. Give me yours. Caroline : giving 2 Max : You did better than I thought you would. Max, who has been waitress in the diner since couple years before, had known already how to get and collect tips from the customer. While Caroline works on her first day, is not as smart as Max for collecting the tips. Actually, this can be predict by Max since Caroline still does not know how to waitress and what to do with the customer. However, Max still asks her for the tips, just in case, her assumption is wrong. By stating “You did better than I thought you would.”, Max does not really means what is literally stated in her utterance. What Caroline did for the tip is not better at all since hers is just two dollars while Max has faraway more than Caroline. In other words, the sarcastic utterance in this situation allows the