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It is indeed undeniable that sarcasm is naturally related to irony, since both of it are figurative language
’s devices. John Haiman 1998: 20 gives two distinctive characteristics to identify irony and sarcasm and to prove that it is not
exactly the same. First, situation may be ironic, but only human can be sarcastic. Second, irony can occur naturally, but sarcasm only occurs with the presence of
an intention from the speaker. Singh with his perspective states that
Irony differs from sarcasm in greater subtlety and wit. In sarcasm, ridicule or mockery is used harshly, often crudely and contemptuously,
for destructive purposes. It may be used in an indirect manner, and have the form of irony, as in What a fine musician you turned out to be or
it may be used in the form of a direct statement, You couldnt play one piece correctly if you had two assistants. The distinctive quality of
sarcasm is present in the spoken word and manifested chiefly by vocal inflection. Singh, 2012: 66
Briefly, sarcasm and irony is distinctive yet still related. Sarcasm involves both people and intention while irony is more naturally. Sarcasm is more
likely use with rude expression to mock someone, but sarcasm can also be delivered in the form of irony, which is more contrast between reality and what is
stated. There is a common misunderstanding about sarcasm which is between
sarcasm and irony. Some argue that sarcasm is an expression which means the opposite of what the speaker intends to deliver. Meanwhile, some define irony as
a rhetorical device, literary technique, or contrast, between reality what is and appearance what seems to be Singh, 2012: 1. These make sarcasm and irony
become similar as a figure of speech. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The Two Broke Girls is an American TV Series created by Josh Schwartz. Originally airing on the CBS Television Network from 2011 to
presently 2016, this series consisted of about 20 episodes in each season. On its first season, the show attracted more than 9 million viewers. On the polling
conducted by IMBd.com, a site of internet movie database, this series gained the rate of 7.5 out of 10 stars.
The story is set in Newport Beach, a city in Orange County, California. It is about the two girls Max and Caroline who met in the diner where they work and
unintentionally be friends. However, Max and Caroline come from different background of family. Max come from a troubled and poor family, even she
doesn’t know where her father is. While Caroline is a daughter of the Channings but she lost everything when her father end up in jail and that makes her working
in the small diner where Max has been worked before. This TV series offers many kinds of storylines, including the character’s daily activities, love stories, and
struggles in maintaining the carriers. This Two Broke Girls TV series is best known for its sarcasm comedy and the character’s innocence which makes the
audience entertained. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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B. Approach of the Study
The approach used in this study is the pragmatic approach, specifically of the presupposition and contextualization theoretical framework. This framework
is chosen of the need to analyze the sarcastic utterances of people engaged in sarcastic transactions.
Under the pragmatic theoretic framework, it will be analyzed whether the metamessage of sarcasm can be transferred correctly to the hearer of sarcastic
utterances. The assumption was, together with the situational context of the story, then being contextualized by the new information retrieved, all the information
entries contained by the logical form of the sarcastic utterances. The process of understanding the intention from the speaker was then demostrated by examining
the purposes of the sarcasm and contextual effects emerged from the contextualization but still following the pragmatics theoretical framework.
C. Method of the Study
In conducting a research, an appropriate methodology plays an important role because it deals with a system of ways of studying a major
topic. This present thesis uses an explicatory since it focuses on a particular text and attempts to analyze some aspects inside it.
This study is categorized as a qualitative research since it is descriptive
,
focuses on describing and understanding a phenomenon and includes a detailed account of the context, the activities, the participants, and the processes, and the
data collected is in the form of words instead of numbers Bodgan and Biklen, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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2010: 9. The collected data of this thesis is gathered through the document analysis. According to Ary, Jacobs, Sorensen, and Razavieh 2010, document
analysis or content analysis, analyzes and interprets recorded material to learn about specific data. The material could be public records, textbooks, letters, films,
tapes, diaries, themes, reports, or other documents. This study would like to analyze the utterance from the participants’ conversation taken from Two Broke
Girls TV Series, Episodes 1 from Season 1 to Season 5.
1. Data Collection
According to Brown and Rodgers 2002: 6, before anything useful can be done with research data, you will need to compile your data. Compiling
data means putting all the data together in one place in a way that you can more easily analyse and interpret the data. The method of collecting data in
this study was observation method. The data collection of the present research began with the identification.
All utterances from the script of Two Broke Girls TV Series Episodes 1, Season 1 to 5 were identified by echoic mention in each utterance, in order to
list the sarcastic utterances treated as the data. This step was the first step necessarily conducted in this study. After the sarcastic utterances were listed,
they were then analyzed to reveal the purpose of sarcasm. Then, the sarcastic utterances are classified based on their purpose. This step would answer the
first problem formulation. Each category of the purpose of sarcasm revealed
from the latest step was then elaborated, in order to find out how the sarcastic utterances remarks are understood by the hearer. As already mentioned
