Drs. E Van De Laar and Dr. N. Schoonderwoerd says that action and incident spring out of character and having occurred they changed it, so that at
the end of the novel a character should have changed, have developed, and should be different from what it was in the beginning of the novel 1963: 171.
Laurence Perrine states that the character in the novel does not change in a sudden way, but changes step by step. The character must begin the change with
smaller change should be sufficiently motivated by circumstances. One cannot changes his or her characteristics so suddenly without any reasons, but it must
follow sufficiently time and reason of the changes 1974: 71.
C. Theoretical Framework
With the theory of character and characterization, major and minor character and the theory of character development, the writer is able to analyze
the character of the main character in order to make the thesis understandable. It can be seen what kind of person the main character belongs to. Since the
analysis is closely related to the main character, it is important to see the main character thoroughly, which is Emma, in order to shape, provide, and lead her to
the matter pointed in the problem formulation of this thesis. The theories on major and minor character and the theory of character development are
employed to analyze how the development of Emma as the main character as affected by the minor characters as depicted in the story.
13
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object of the study is Jane Austen’s novel entitled Emma. It was first published by John Murray in 1816. While the book that the writer analyzed was
published in 1988 by Penguin Books Ltd. The novel consists of 387 pages that are divided into three sections. These three sections are divided into chapters.
The first and second sections are the same, from chapter 1 until chapter 18. Only the third section which is until chapter 19. The first section tells about the failure
of Emma in matchmaking Harriet Smith to Mr. Elton and the postponement of Frank Churchill to visit Highbury. The second section tells about Mr. Elton’s
marriage to Augusta Hawkins and Emma’s interest to Frank Churchill who finally arrives in Highburry. The last section tells about the awareness of Emma
about her love to Mr. Knightley and the agreement of Emma to let Harriet Smith marry Robert Martin.
Although Emma is not the most popular novel of Jane Austen, it is regarded as her greatest, as Frank N. Magill says “Although Pride and Prejudice
has always been her most popular novel, Emma is generally regarded as her greatest” 1989: 240.
