27
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter discussed the method in conducting the research which contains the research design, subject of the research, instrument of the research,
method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the data, and procedure of the research.
A. Research procedure
This research was action research since the aim was to improve speaking skill of Grade VII A students of SMP N 1 Kasihan Bantul through
the use of cue cards as a media to support the teaching and learning process. The research used the procedure of action research proposed by Kemmis and
McTaggart 1988. The procedure was elaborated in the following points.
1. Reconnaissance
Before carrying out the first cycle, an observation was done in several meetings in the reconnaissance step to find out what problems existed in the
English teaching and learning process in the research setting. In this step, the researcher entered the English classes handled by the teacher, observed the
whole process and took notes of the occurring problems. This kind of observation was done in two meetings to see the reoccurring problems. To
support my observation result, questionnaires were distributed to the students and interviews with them as well as the English teacher were done. Besides,
to obtain the quantitative data of the students’ speaking skill before the research was carried out, the researcher assessed the students’ speaking
performance in their English class.
2. Planning
After doing the reconnaissance step, the researcher constructed some plans by considering the observation result. The constructed plans were
ensured to be feasible and suitable to be implemented in the field. In having this step, the researcher worked collaboratively with her collaborator. The
main planned action was improving the students’ speaking skill by using cue cards media.
3. Action and Observation of the Action
Action and the observation of the action were done in the same time. In order to focus, the researcher asked her collaborator to fill in the observation
checklist, take pictures, and take notes. The pictures, observation checklists, and notes were then used in the discussion after the class to identify the
success and hindrances in the research implementation as well as to discuss how to improve the situation.
4. Reflection
Based on the research action and observation result, a reflection was done. It was carried out by interviewing the students who experienced the
learning process and her collaborator who observed the research implementation. This step answered whether or not the actions were
successful in the attempt to improve the students’ speaking skill. The successful actions were carried out again in the next cycle. Meanwhile, the
unsuccessful ones were improved and revised in order to meet the objective of the research.
B. Research Setting
Kategori