Advocacy and Lobbying Related to the Right
B. Acion and Mobilizaion to Defend Rights
INDIA. JJBA, Jharkand see section on Land, Territory and Resources BANGLADESH Movement former Committee for the Protection of Forest and Land Rights in the Chit- tagong Hill Tracts; The movement spearheaded a reasonably successful campaign to resist in- dustry-oriented mono plantations in the name of “social forestry” that were to have been funded by the Asian Development Bank and the Government of Bangladesh. The struggle still continues in courts of law and outside as a process of creating new “reserved forests” out of community lands is still to be formally resolved. NORTH EUROPE Saami advocacy for Nordic Saami Convention. JAPAN Nibutani Dam Case of the Ainu People in Sapporo District, Hokkaido, Japan. This case recog- nized the Ainu people’s right to the land and also recognized them as an indigenous people. This was a turning point in the Ainu struggle against discrimination and for equal rights. REFERENCES Judgment of the Sapporo District Court, Civil Decision No. 3, issued March 27, 1997, 1598 Hanrei Jiho 33; 938 Hanrei Times 75, 38 International Legal Materials 394 1999. Tahara, Kaori. 1999. “Nibutani Dam Case” in Indigenous Law Bulletin, University of South Wales Indigenous Law Centre, AugustSeptember 1999 International Issue: 18-20. Roy, Raja Devasish. 2005. Traditional Customary Laws and Indigenous Peoples in Asia London: Minority Rights Group International: 11. 62 Refer to materials from the Madrid Seminar on Special Mecha- nisms for Indigenous Peoples, some of which are enclosed in the CD which accompanies this manual. Note to trainers Module-3 RIGHTS AIPP AIPP Regional Capacity Building Program - Training Manual on the UNDRIP 63 NICARAGUA Awas Tingni case: Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Caso de la Comunidad Mayagna Sumo Awas Tingni v. Nicaragua, Sentencia de 31 de agosto de 2001. This landmark case upheld the rights of the Mayagna community’s customary law land rights, highlighting the “communitarian” and other traditions, which were held to have not been extinguished by the creation of the Nicaraguan state. An interesting feature of the case is that the main counsel in the case is the incumbent Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights and Funda- mental Freedoms of Indigenous Peoples, Prof. Dr. James A. Anaya.C. Actual Exercise of the Right
INDIA Sixth Schedule District Councils as a best practice. EXAMPLE SIXTH-SCHEDULE DISTRICT COUNCILS Extract from: Roy, Raja Devasish. 2005. Traditional Customary Laws and Indigenous Peoples in Asia London: Minority Rights Group International: 15. Mizoram is also among those states in Northeast India where the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India applies. This Schedule provides for another type or form of au- tonomy at a level that is lower than that of a state; namely, autonomous district and re- gional councils, whose populations are usually from one or more ethnic groups that are distinct and separate from those in other parts of the state. Thus, Mizoram has a number of district and regional councils populated by indigenous people who do not belong to the majority Mizo group who themselves are an indigenous people. One such coun- cil is the Chakma Autonomous District Council, having jurisdiction over an area with an overwhelming majority of indigenous Chakmas, who are also the largest indigenous group in the neighbouring region of Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. The Sixth Schedule district and regional councils – such as Chakma Autonomous District Council – have jurisdiction over several matters, including land administration, administration of justice, and limited legislative powers. They are partially autonomous from the state governments although the Governor of the state, a federal government appointee, retains certain legislative prerogatives, and enjoy the power to make laws on, inter alia, such subjects as allotment of lands other than reserved forests, manage- ment of forests other than reserved forests, regulation of ‘jum’ swidden cultivation and inheritance of property. In addition, these councils are empowered to regulate the levying of interest rates above a certain percentage, money-lending and trading by those not native to the state. EXAMPLE SIXTH-SCHEDULE DISTRICT COUNCILS Establishment of Village or Town Committees or Councils Extract from: Roy, Raja Devasish. 2005. Traditional Customary Laws and Indigenous Peoples in Asia London: Minority Rights Group International: 17. Apart from the special constitutional safeguards on Mizo customary law as men- tioned earlier, other such safeguards on customary laws include the legislative preroga- Module-3Parts
» BACKGROUND UNDRIP MANUAL FINAL AIPP
» THE DECLARATION UNDRIP MANUAL FINAL AIPP
» The 24 Preambular Paragraphs THE CONTENT
» The 46 Operaional Aricles THE CONTENT
» The Provisions Of The UNDRIP By Themaic Area
» Introduction EXCERPTS FROM THE UN TREATY REFERENCE GUIDE
» Signatories and Parties Treaties
» Agreements Conventions EXCERPTS FROM THE UN TREATY REFERENCE GUIDE
» Charters Protocols EXCERPTS FROM THE UN TREATY REFERENCE GUIDE
» Declarations EXCERPTS FROM THE UN TREATY REFERENCE GUIDE
» Exchange of Notes Memoranda Of Understanding
» Adoption GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Acceptance and Approval GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Accession GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Amendment GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Authentication GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Correction of Errors GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Declarations GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO TREATY ACTIONS
» Entry into Force Definitive Signature
» Exchange of LettersNotes Definitive Signature
» Full Powers Definitive Signature
» Ratification Registration and Publication Reservation
» Signature Subject to Ratification, Acceptance or Approval
» Right to self-determination Deiniion of terms and scope
» Right to self-government Deiniion of terms and scope
» National and international contexts
» Essence Deiniion of terms and scope
» Core Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS ON SELF-DETERMINATION AND SELF-GOVERNMENT
» Related Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS ON SELF-DETERMINATION AND SELF-GOVERNMENT
» General Situaion REALITIES ON THE GROUND
» Right to self-determination Laws and Policies Related to the Recogniion of the Right
» Right to self-government Laws and Policies Related to the Recogniion of the Right
» Treaties Laws and Policies Related to the Recogniion of the Right
» The right to self-determination
» Examples in the Asian setting: Examples from outside Asia:
» Examples in the Asian setting: Example from outside Asia:
» Examples in the Asian setting:
» Other medium-level examples within Asia are:
» At the international and national levels
» Challenges regarding strategies Needs, Capaciies, Strategies
» Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh
» Deiniion of Terms INTRODUCTION
» Core Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS FOR FPIC
» Related Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS FOR FPIC
» REALITIES ON THE GROUND; EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS LEARNED
» Needs, Capaciies, Strategies CHALLENGES
» Implementaion and Monitoring CHALLENGES
» Definition of terms Background
» Core Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS RELATED TO CUSTOMARY LAW
» Related Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS RELATED TO CUSTOMARY LAW
» Laws and Policies Related to the Recogniion of the Right
» Challenges in Implementaion REALITIES ON THE GROUND
» Advocacy and Lobbying Related to the Right
» Acion and Mobilizaion to Defend Rights
» Actual Exercise of the Right
» Needs, Capaciies, Strategies Implementaion Monitoring
» Land is the basis of livelihood.
» Territorial rights Non-recognition by the state
» Indigenous peoples’ customary law and state law
» Opional Secion Indigenous peoples’ systems of resource management and conservaion
» Core Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS ON RIGHTS TO LAND, TERRITORY RESOURCES
» On the right to redress for past injustices
» On the right to means of subsistence and to development
» On the recognition of indigenous peoples’ conservation and protection of the environ- ment
» On land, territory, resources and the right to self-determination
» Challenges in having good laws and policies implemented
» Actual Exercise of Land-resource Rights Within the Exising Government Frame- work
» Advocacy and lobby EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS LEARNED
» Asserive Acion and Mobilizaion
» Challenges regarding needs: Needs, capacities, strategies
» Challenges regarding capacities Needs, capacities, strategies
» Challenges regarding strategies Needs, capacities, strategies
» Implementation SOME GUIDANCE FOR THE TRAINERS
» Monitoring SOME GUIDANCE FOR THE TRAINERS
» Culture as Basic Component of Indig- enous Idenity
» The Cultural Rights of Indigenous Peoples
» Cultural Rights in Internaional Instruments Prior to UNDRIP
» In the Succeeding Articles Article 8
» The erosion, degradation, or destruc- tion of indigenous cultures
» Plunder and exploitation of indigenous culture
» Laws and Policies, Good and Bad
» EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS LEARNED
» Some Suggested Strategies CHALLENGES
» Development aggression Mainstream Development Issues
» Loss of both food sovereignty and subsistence security
» Vulnerability to exploitation Market integration
» Degradation of land and other natural resources, disruption of ecosystem balance
» Migration and human resource deple- tion.
» The question of human development
» The human rights-based approach to development
» The concept of sustainable development
» Indigenous economic systems Mainstream Development Issues
» Traditional occupations Mainstream Development Issues
» Traditional healing Mainstream Development Issues
» Indigenous knowledge Mainstream Development Issues
» Traditional education Mainstream Development Issues
» Access to mainstream education, information and mass media
» Socio-cultural continuity Mainstream Development Issues
» Comprehensive Provisions on Devel- opment
» Speciic Provisions on Health
» Speciic Provisions on Indigenous Knowledge, Educaion, Informaion and Mass Media
» Development aggression General Situaion
» Market integration General Situaion
» Indigenous economy and culture
» Laws and Policies REALITIES ON THE GROUND
» EXPERIENCES UNDRIP MANUAL FINAL AIPP
» Forced migration Forms of Migraion
» Temporary migration Voluntary migration
» Seasonal migration Voluntary migration
» Permanent migration Voluntary migration
» Seeking peace: migration to escape oppression and violence
» Eking out a living: migration to escape poverty
» Cross-border migration: lack of legal status
» Urban migration: alienation and assimilation
» Life away from home: how indigenous migrants adapt to their new environment
» The Issue of Indigenous Territories Divided by Internaional Borders
» On ciizenship UNDRIP PROVISIONS RELATED TO MIGRATION BY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
» Relocation Laws and Policies on the Rights of Migrants 1. Citizenship and immigration laws
» How Rights are Respected or Violated CHALLENGES IN HAVING GOOD LAWS AND POLICIES IMPLEMENTED
» Challenges regarding capacities: Challenges regarding strategies:
» Implementation Monitoring Some Guidance for the Trainers
» Scope and Deiniion of Militarizaion
» Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 Article 1
» Convention on Civil and Political Rights
» Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, July 1993 Part I
» Aricles UNDRIP PROVISIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND MILITARIZATION A. Preamble
» General Situation REALITIES ON THE GROUND
» Negative laws NATIONAL LAWPOLICY
» Positive laws NATIONAL LAWPOLICY
» Positive laws are not implemented or only passively, while negative laws are more
» Conflicts between national and local governments. Conflicts commonly exist between
» Persistent militarist mindset. A persistent militarist mindset continues to exist not only
» Particular defects as well as openings in the legal and judicial system. In each coun-
» Advocacy, Collecive and Asserive Ac- ions
» Actual Exercise of Human Rights
» Lessons Learned EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS LEARNED
» Conlict of Naional Laws with Inter- naional Laws
» Government Programs in Conlict with Human Rights
» Weaknesses in the Judicial System
» INTRODUCTION UNDRIP MANUAL FINAL AIPP
» UNDRIP PROVISIONS FOR THE SPECIAL SECTORS
» National laws on special sectors
» Women EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS IN ASSERTING RIGHTS
» Know our rights Lessons Learned
» Organizing and self-organization Lessons Learned
» Collective action to demand, protect and defend our rights
» Lobby and advocacy work to pressure government to recognize and respect our rights
» What do you think are the challenges faced by
» Capacity building to overcome discrimination and awareness-raising on their rights.
» Gauge the Poliical Situaion:
» Assess the condiion of your campaign machinery:
» Informaion and Educaion BASIC COMPONENTS OF A CAMPAIGN
» Mass Mobilizaion, Mass Acion
» Deine clearly: OUTLINING A CAMPAIGN PLAN
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