Limitation of The Problem Formulation of The Problem

speaking and writing produce language rather than receive it. It means that in writing, an output will be needed as an indicator that students have learned and understood the skills. It is clear that the output of writing skills can be written stories, letters, or other text types. Another linguist states that writing is a complex skill because it is the last output after students learn several acts continuously. Wallace 2004: 15 states that writing is the final product after students learn several stages of writing separately before. Those stages are note-taking, identifying a central idea, outlining, drafting, and editing. Before the students can produce a good writing, they need to pass many subskills. If they do not master it, it will be difficult for them to share their ideas to their teacher or their friends in a written form. Writing becomes more complex because it does not only put the idea into a paper but how the written text can be understandable by paying attention to some aspects to create a good written text Westwood, 2008:56. The nature of writing can also be defined as physical and mental activity that is aimed to express and impress Nunan, 2003:88. It can be catagorized into physical activity because a writer is required to be able to do the act of committing words or ideas. As a mental activity, the activities of writing focus more on the act of inventing ideas, thinking about how to express and organize them into clear statements and paragraphs that a reader can understand easily about the ideas of the written works. In relation with the definition of writing proposed by Nunan, Brown 2001:335 writes that writing is a written product of thinking, drafting and revising that require specialized skills on how to generate ideas, how to organize them correctly, how to use discourse markers and rhetorical conventions to put them cohesively into a written text, how to revise text for clearer meaning and how to edit text for appropriate grammar and how to produce a final project. From those explanation, we can conclude that some stages in writing process proposed by Brown involve the act of physical and mental, for example how to generate ideas and how to organize them correctly.

b. Process of Writing

Writing is a process of producing ideas into a written form. There are some steps that students should pay attention to produce a good writing. A good writing means good in terms of language, content, purpose, and referred reader. According to Richard and Renandya 2002: 316, the process of writing has four basic writing stages, they are planning, drafting, revising and editing. 1 Planning In this stage, the students should decide what they will write. In planning to write, the writers have to consider about three main issues. They are the purpose of their writing that deals with the language they use and the information they choose. Next is about the reader that will probably read