Equality in consumption expenditure
6.5.2 Characteristics of the head of household
The head of household is in most instances the single most determining person for the conditions of living in the household. This is especially the case in Afghanistan where households are almost exclusively male-headed 98 percent; see Section 3.3.1 on household structure and men are the main or sole decision makers in almost all life domains Poverty incidence and poverty profiling 59 Poverty incidence and poverty profiling 60 see Section 10.2.1 on household decision making. Therefore, it can be expected that the attributes of the head of household have considerable predictive power for the poverty status of the household. From Figure 6.6 it can be deduced that in the rare cases that households are female-headed, on average poverty is more widespread than in male-headed households. Underlying factors could be that women have less access to employment see Section 4.2 on labour force and employment or that widows lack the support of a partner for income generating. Figure 6.6 Percentage of poor households, by selected attributes of household head Literacy and educational attainment apparently are key factors in the explanation of poverty, and therefore should be incorporated in poverty reduction strategies. The ability to read and write and knowledge learned in the education system are strong facilitators for adequate performance on the labour market and in social life. Households of illiterate heads are 31 percent more likely to be poor than those of literate heads, and the household poverty rate decreases steadily with higher levels of education: the likelihood of being poor for households with uneducated heads is 1.5 to 5 times higher than those with heads that have any educational attainment above middle school. However, there is not very much differentiation between households of heads with middle school and primary school. The age of the household head does not show any clear effect on poverty data not shown.Parts
» MDG Indicators AFG 2007 NRVA report
» – Population structure and change 10 – Labour force characteristics 25
» – The agricultural sector 40 – Poverty incidence and poverty profiling 54
» - Education 65 - Health 73 Other Indicators
» Stakeholder involvement and questionnaire design
» Sampling design NRVA 20078 methodology
» Questionnaire contents and interviews
» Comparability of NRVA 20078 with previous rounds
» Data limitations NRVA 20078 methodology
» Second quarter December 2007-February 2008
» Third quarter March-May 2008 d. Fourth quarter June - August 2008
» Introduction - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» General population characteristics Population structure and distribution
» Geographic distribution Population structure and distribution
» Household structure Household structure and marriage patterns
» Marriage patterns Household structure and marriage patterns
» Total Fertility Rate Fertility and mortality
» Child mortality estimates Fertility and mortality
» General migration In-migration Migration
» Security and returnees Migration
» Conclusions - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Labour force participation Labour force, employment and unemployment
» Employment and unemployment Conceptualisation of employment and unemployment
» Status in employment Characteristics of employment
» Industry and occupation Characteristics of employment
» Introduction Children and work
» Seasonal migration Labour migration
» Irrigated land Access to land
» Rain-fed land Access to land
» Crop production Agricultural production
» Opium production Agricultural production
» Introduction Irrigated land in summer
» Rain-fed land - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Traction for cultivating land
» Use of fertilizers and pesticides
» Reasons for not cultivating land
» Community accessibility Rain-fed land
» Conceptualization of poverty Poverty across space and time
» Equality in consumption expenditure
» Household size and composition
» Characteristics of the head of household
» Characteristics of household members
» Introduction Literacy - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Literacy rates - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Gender gap indicators - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Participation in school - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Educational attainment - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Travel time and travel costs
» Travel time to nearest health faclity: percentage with access within one hour
» Mean travel costs to nearest health faclity in Afs.
» Health post - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Clinic - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» District or provincial hospital
» Private pharmacy - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Supplementation of micro-nutrients Vitamin A supplementation
» Residence - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Child immunization Educational attainment of mother
» Residence Educational attainment of mother
» Residence Educational attainment - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Child feeding patterns Exclusive breastfeeding
» Educational attainment of mother
» Current use of family planning methods
» Use of maternal health care Antenatal care
» Fertility and pregnancy patterns
» Total - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» 16.9 - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Conceptualisation and analysis of disability
» The distribution of the disabled population
» Causes and consequences of disability
» Housing characteristics Housing ownership and characteristics
» Construction material of walls
» 4.7 - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Water and sanitation Housing facilities
» Other facilities Electricity Housing facilities
» Household decision making The position of women in decision making
» Age - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Community decision making Marital status
» The face of women in population and marriage
» Labour force indicators - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Education indicators - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Educational disparities Indicators of community representation
» Health conditions Indicators of community representation
» Decision-making Indicators of community representation
» Household shocks and coping strategies
» Community preferences - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Policy recommendations - Household shocks and community preferences 109
» Recommendations related to information provision
» Child health AFG 2007 NRVA report
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