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The speaker quotes from other language, the speaker talks with the different interlocutors, there is a third person, there is a certain purpose
from the speaker, the speaker is on the stage, the effect of topic discussion, the effect of the first sentence, the effect of conversation speaking
situation.
The next step was, identifying the possible implications that appeared from the whole data. The writer adopted Krashen’s theory, namely “Success is achieved
by using the situational context to make massages clear and through the kinds of input modifications found in foreigner talk” Ellis, 1997: 47.
3.6 Research Procedure
There were seven steps done by the writer to analyze the data and to answer the research questions. There were:
1. Specifying the Phenomenon to Analyze
The writer learnt and collected the knowledge about code-switching. The writer read all the newspapers to find the existing code-switching. The writer
specified the elements of code-switching by signing them with their contexts as well.
2. Selecting the Target from Which the Analysis Is Done
The writer selected English elements which were appropriate with the related theories.
3. Designing the Observation Form
The writer made the column to specify the type of code-switching namely diglossic code-switching, single word code-switching, phrase code-switching,
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clause code-switching, whole sentence code-switching and integrated loanword code-switching. This column would make the analysis easier to be done.
4. Listing the Code-switching Cases on the Observation Form
After specifying the code-switching and designing the observation form, the writer typed the specified code-switching into the column observation. It could
be seen the classes of code-switching and the category of the articles. The contexts of code-switching were also put in the column observation to give the
clear existence of code-switching itself.
5. Analyzing the Types of Code-switching
The types of code-switching would be seen in the observation form. The context of code-switching in the sentences would give the clear fact about the
types of code-switching.
6. Identifying the Possible Reasons for Code-switching
After finding the type of each code-switching, the theories of the reasons why code-switching existed could be identified.
7. Making Implication Based on the Findings
The last step was done after finding the types and the reasons why code- switching existed in local newspapers. The writer concluded the implication of
code-switching in local newspapers toward teaching learning to English students.
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
