70 1
Total 36
To provide additional description of the data distribution of post-test in the experimental class, the histogram of frequency distribution is presented in figure
4.3 as follows:
Figure 4.3 The Histogram of Pre-test Score in Controlled Class
The table 4.8 and figure 4.3 above shows that the most frequent score which was got by 7 students is 60. Then, there are 6 students got 63, 5 students got 66,
and 4 students got 66. Moreover, 57 and 59 were got by 3 students for each score. The next, 2 students got 52 and 55. The last, 48, 64, 65, and 70 become the less
frequent score because only 1 student got each score. The total of the students in the controlled class is 36.
Furthermore, the description of post-test score in the controlled class can be presented as follows:
Table 4.9 Data Description of Post-test Result of Controlled Class
Statistics
Post_test_Controlled_Class N
Valid 36
Missing Mean
70.28 Median
71.00 Mode
68 Minimum
59 Maximum
80 Sum
2530
Based on the table 4.9 above, there are 36 students in the VIII-A as the controlled class. The mean of the total score is 70.28. The median is 71.00 and
the mode is 68. The score has the lowest and the highest. The lowest score is 59 and the highest score is 80. The sum or the total score is 2530.
From the table above, it could be made a table frequency of post-test result of controlled class. It is presented as follows:
Table 4.10 Table of Frequency distribution of Post-test Result of Controlled Class
Post_test_Controlled_Class
Frequency Valid
59 1
62 2
63 1
64 2
66 5
68 6
71 5
73 5
76 1
77 4
78 3
80 1
Total 36
To provide additional description of the data distribution of post-test in the experimental class, the histogram of frequency distribution is presented in figure
4.4 as follows:
Figure 4.4 The Histogram of Post-test Score in Controlled Class
The table 4.10 and figure 4.4 above shows that 68 is the most frequent score in the VIII-A as the controlled class because there are 6 students who got the
score. Then, there are 5 students who got 66, 71, and 73. The next, score 77 was got by 4 students and 78 was got by 3 students. In addition, score 62 and 64 were
got by 2 students for each score. The last, there is 1 student got 59, 63, 76, and 80. The total of students is 36.
The data description above shows that the students’ score were increased in both classes. However, the score in the experimental class increased significantly
compare to the score in the controlled class. It can be concluded that the experimental class gained score teaching writing by using guided question
technique is higher than the controlled class gained score without using guided question technique. The experimental class gained score mean was 16.46, while
the controlled class was 9. It is proven by figure as follows:
Figure 4.5 The Diagram of Students’ Score Comparison between Experimental and
Controlled Class
B. Data Analysis
The normality test and homogeneity test were analyzed by using SPSS v.22. Meanwhile, a hypothesis test was analyzed by using t-test formula. The data
analysis will be explained by the following explanations and tables below.
1. Normality Test
The normality test is performed to show whether the distribution of data is normal or not. The test is for pre-test and post-test result of two classes which
are VIII-B as the experimental class and VIII-A as the controlled class. The test used Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk in SPSS v.22 software. If the
normality is more than the level of significance 5 or α = 0.05, the data is normally distributed. The results of normality test of both pre-test and post-test
are presented as follows:
Experi e tal Class Co trolled Class
Pre‐test Post‐test
Gai ed Score
Table 4.11 Normality Pre-test Results between Experimental and Controlled Class
Tests of Normality
Class Kolmogorov-Smirnov
a
Shapiro-Wilk Statistic
Df Sig.
Statistic df
Sig. Pre_test_Score Experiment
.118 35
.200 .947
35 .089
Control .135
36 .098
.950 36
.101 . This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
The result of normality test of pre-test above shows that the significance level of experimental class is 0.200 and 0.089 and the controlled class is 0.098
and 0.101. It means that the significance level of both classes is higher than the level of significance 5 α = 0.05. It can be concluded that the data of both
experimental and controlled class is normally distributed.
Table 4.12 Normality Post-test Results between Experimental and Controlled Class
Tests of Normality
Class Kolmogorov-Smirnov
a
Shapiro-Wilk Statistic
Df Sig.
Statistic df
Sig. Post_test_Score Experiment
.131 35
.133 .965
35 .331
Control .134
36 .102
.960 36
.210 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
The result of normality test of post-test above shows that the significance level of experimental class is 0.133 and 0.331 and the controlled class is 0.134
and 0.210. It means that the significance level of both classes is higher than the level of significance 5 α = 0.05. It can be concluded that the data of both
experimental and controlled class is normally distributed.
2. Homogeneity Test
After analyzing normality test of the data, homogeneity test is also needed as a prerequisite analysis test before testing hypothesis by using t-test formula.
To test the homogeneity, the researcher used Levine Statistic test in SPSS v.22
software. Same as the normality test, the data is also homogeny if the significance level of the data is more than 5 α = 0.05. The results of
homogeneity test of the data are presented as follows:
Table 4.13 Homogeneity Pre-test Results between Experimental and Controlled Class
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Pre_test_Score Levene Statistic
df1 df2
Sig. .453
1 69
.503
The table above shows that the significance level of pre-test in both experimental and controlled class is 0.503. It means that the significance level
of the data is higher than the significance level 0.05. It can be concluded that the data is homogeneous.
Table 4.14 Homogeneity Post-test Results between Experimental and Controlled
Class
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Post_test_Score Levene Statistic
df1 df2
Sig. 3.512
1 69
.065
Based on the table above, the significance level of post-test in both experimental and controlled class is 0.065. It means that the significance level
of the data is higher than the significance level 0.05. It can be concluded that the data is homogeneous.
3. Hypothesis Test
After analyzing the data, the writer needs to find out the difference score between students at VIII-B as the experimental class which is taught writing
recount text by using guided question technique and students at VIII-A as the controlled class which is taught writing recount text without using guided
question technique. The writing score of two classes are compared. The experimental class is X variable and the controlled class is Y variable. The writer
calculated the data by using t-test formula. The formula of t test is expressed as follows:
t
o
=
Explanation:
t
o
=
the value of ‘t’ count M
x
= Mean variable of experimental class M
2
y = Mean variable of controlled class
SE
Mx
= Standard error of experimental class SE
My
= Standard error of controlled class Here is the table of the comparison scores between the two classes which is
used for calculating the data by using t-test formula:
Table 4.15 The Comparison of Students’ Gained Score between Students in the
Experimental and Controlled Class No. Experimental
Class X Controlled
Class Y x
X-MX y
Y-MY x²
y²
1 21
18 4.54285714
9 20.63755099
81 2
13 9
-3.45714286 11.95183675
3 24
8 7.54285714
-1 56.89469383
1 4
12 7
-4.45714286 -2
19.86612247 4
5 13
9 -3.45714286
11.95183675 6
13 20
-3.45714286 11
11.95183675 121
7 15
3 -1.45714286
-6 2.123265314
36 8
10 10
-6.45714286 1
41.69469391 1
9 15
3 -1.45714286
-6 2.123265314
36 10
22 10
5.54285714 1
30.72326527 1
11 17
7 0.54285714
-2 0.294693874
4 12
24 14
7.54285714 5
56.89469383 25
