e Revising Revising means involve reworking the writers draft on the basis of the
review and making sure that draft is clear an effective and includes all essential information.
f Editing
Editing means checking details of grammar, punctuation, and spelling. They also do not forget to proofread their writing to make it ready for publishing.
6. Teaching Writing
Writing becomes one of the skills in English which is important to be taught to students at school. There are several reasons for teaching writing to the
students.
19
The first, writing gives students more thinking time. When students are writing, they are doing language processing which means that they are
thinking about the language. It is different from when they are in a conversation because they do not have more thinking time like when they are doing writing
activity.
The second, writing is a practice tool for students. It helps students practice and work with the language they have been studied. This is actually called
writing-for-learning which the main focus in writing is language itself. The last, writing is directed students in developing their skills as a writer. The purpose is
the students should become better at writing. This is called writing-for writing which the main focus is the whole text.
Thus, writing skill is taught to students at school. This skill is also taught in junior high school students. Teaching writing at junior high school students is
based on curriculum that is used at the school. Based on 2013 curriculum, The students are expected to be able to write sentences and generate them into
paragraphs, then develop the paragraphs into several kinds of text. They are
19
Jeremy Harmer, How to Teach English, new edition, Cambridge: Pearson Education Limited, 2007, p. 112.
descriptive, recount, procedure, and narrative text.
20
Therefore, teachers need to teach writing to students because they have an important role which is should
guide the students in writing process and help them build up strategies for generating, drafting, and refining ideas.
21
B. Writing Recount Text
In writing English, people need to concern about what the text they are going to write. There are two categories of text. They are literary and factual text.
Literary texts are used to tell people about human experiences, usually in imaginative way, while factual texts are used to present information or ideas.
22
One of the texts classified as a factual text is a recount text which becomes main focus in this research.
Writing recount text is one of the objectives that should be reached by the students at the eighth grade of Junior High School. It is stated in Standard Basic
Competence of 2013 Curriculum that the students should be able to compile short and simple in oral and written recount text about experienceactivityevent
by paying attention to the purpose, organization, and language feature of the text accurately and contextually.
23
This means that students should understand the text’s term, purpose, organization, and language feature to make a good recount
text.
1. The Definition of Recount
Mark and Kathy Anderson stated that “a recount is a piece of text that retells past events, usually in the order in which they occurred”.
24
It means the text is based on a person’s story in the past and written in sequence of the story
happened.
20
Tim Inti Kurikulum 2013, Kompetensi Dasar Sekolah Menengah Pertama SMPMadrasah Tsanawiyah MTs,
Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan: Depdikbud, 2013, p. 70.
21
Ken Hyland, Second Language Writing, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 12.
22
Mark and Kathy Anderson, Text Types in English 3, South Yarra: Macmillan, 1998, p. 21.
23
Tim Inti Kurikulum 2013, op.cit, p. 70.
24
Mark and Kathy Anderson, op.cit, p. 24.
This text has its own purposes which are informing and also entertaining. Informing means by writing the story, the writer can give the information to the
reader, while entertaining is the writer can amuse the readers by writing the story happened. It is like what Wardiman and friends define that “recount text is a text
that telling a reader about one story and the purpose is to entertain or inform the readers.”
25
Moreover, Hyland states that “the story recount has expressions of attitude and feeling, usually made by the narrator about the events.”
26
The one who has the story becomes the narrator of the events. Heshe expresses attitude and
feeling about the event that written in the sequence of the story.
From the definitions of recount text above, it can be concluded that recount text is a text that tell story in the past by expressing the writer’s attitude and
feeling in the sequence of events in order to inform or entertain the reader.
2. Types of Recount
Recount has three types. They are:
27
a. Personal recount Personal recount is retelling an activity that the writer is involved in the
story. It means that the writer has experienced the story. A letter and diary can be classified as a personal recount.
b. Factual recount
A factual recount is reporting the details of the information or story that has happened. The examples of factual recount are a science experiment, historical
recount, a traffic or sport report.
25
Artono Wardiman, Masduki B. Jahur, and M. Sukirman Jusma, English in Focus for Grade VIII Junior High School SMPMTs
, Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan Departmen Pendidikan Nasional, 2006, p. 61.
26
Ken Hyland, Teaching and Researching Writing, Great Britain: Pearson Education Limited, 2009, p. 87.
27
Cliff Watt, Eric Hook, and Greg Anderson, Targeting Text: Recount, Procedure, Exposition Middle Primary
, Blake Education, Green Giant Press: 2011, p. 4.
