An Analysis Of Adjective Clauses In Articles Of Globe Asia Magazine

AN ANALYSIS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSES IN ARTICLES OF GLOBE ASIA MAGAZINE

A PAPER BY

FARAH DIBA A. GINTING REG. NO. 112202074

DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN

It has been proved by

Supervisor,

NIP. 1958101719800 1 1 001 Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A.

Submitted of Faculty Of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma (D-III) in English.

Approved by

Head of Diploma III English Study Program

NIP. 19321126198112 1 001 Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A.

Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara As a paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination

Accepted by:

The Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Diploma III (D-III) of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

The Examination is held on June 2014

Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara Dean

NIP. 19511013197603 1 001 Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.

Board of Examiners Examiners :

1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP) 2. Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A. (Supervisor) 3. Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum (Reader)

AUTHOR'S DECLARATION

I, FARAH DIBA A. GINTING, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Expect where reference is made in the next of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person's work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : FARAH DIBA A. GINTING

Title of paper : AN ANALYSIS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSES IN ARTICLES OF GLOBE ASIA MAGAZINE

Qualification : D-III/Ahli Madya Study Program : English

1) I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Libertarian of Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Letters USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

2) I am not willing that my paper be made available for reproduction.

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ABSTRACT

Many aspects of language that can be studied in English grammar and one of them is adjective clause. The title of this paper is An Analysis of Adjective Clauses in Articles of Globe Asia Magazine. In this paper, the writer discusses definition of clauses, kind of clauses and the use according to the right English grammar. This paper consists of four chapters the first chapter is an introduction that contains the background, the problem, the scope of the study and the method of the study. The second chapter is the theoretical basis which contains the fundamental theory of adjective clauses and the most dominant, the most frequent using of adjective clause. The last chapter is about conclusions and suggestions, consist of a description of the analytical results obtained from the third chapter and the advice given to readers or other writers who take the same research topic.

ABSTRAK

Banyak bahasa yang dapat di bahas dalam tata bahasa Inggris dan salah satunya adalah klausa adjective. Judul kertas karya ini adalah An Analysis of Adjective Clauses in Articles of Globe Asia Magazine. Dalam kertas karya ini, penulis membahas tentang definisi dari clauses, jenis-jenis clauses dan penggunannya menurut tata bahasa Inggris yang benar. Kertas karya ini terdiri dari empat bab yaitu bab pertama adalah bab pendahuluan yang berisikan latar belakang penelitian, pembatasan masalah, perumusan masalah, tujuan dan manfaat penelitian. Bab kedua adalah landasan teori yang berisikan dasar-dasar teori tentang adjective clauses. Bab ke tiga adalah analisis dan hasil yang merupakan adjective clauses yang diperoleh dari artikel dan mencari adjective clauses apa yang paling sering digunakan. Pada bab terakhir yaitu kesimpulan dan saran berisikan tentang penjelasan mengenai hasil yang diperoleh dari bab ke tiga dan sekaligus berisikan tentang saran-saran yang diberikan untuk pembaca atau penulis yang lain yang mengambil topik penelitian yang sama.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty, Allah SWT for blessing and giving me health, strenght and ease to accomplish this paper as one of the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Department Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to : Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. as the dean of Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

Dr. Matins C.A. Sembiring, M.A. As The Head of English Diploma study program.

Drs. Bahagia Tarigan as my supervisor. Thank you for the time giving advice, suggestions, guidance, and help to write this paper.

Thank you very much Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum as my reader for your time and advice.

My beloved parents, Fuad Ginting S.E and Ninik Prawirro. Thank you for the motivation, advice, pray, love and financial support. I present this paper for you.

All lecturer in English Diploma Study Program for giving e advice and knowledge.

Thanks to my grandfather and my grandmother. Djasa Ginting and Mahyar Darus, thank you for your support and advice.

My best friend Tika Wardhani, Khairunnisa Lubia, and Halimah. And all my friends in English Diploma III A and B. Thank you very much for your

support.

Thank you for everybody who has helped the writes and that all of you will be remembered forever.

Medan, 2014 The writer,

Reg. No. 112202074 Farah Diba A.Ginting

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ... i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ... ii

ABSTRACT ... iii

ABSTRAK ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

TABLE OF CONTETS ... vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Problem of the Study ... 2

1.3 Scope of the Study ... 3

1.4 Purpose of the Study ... 3

1.5 Methods of the Study ... 3

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 The Definition of Clauses ... 5

2.2 The Kinds of Clauses ... 6

2.2.1 Noun Clauses ... 6

2.2.2 Adverb Clauses ... 8

2.2.3 Adjective Clauses ... 9

3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 3.1 The Adjective Clauses Used in Articles of Globe Asia Magazine ... 11

3.2 The Analysis of Adjective Clauses Used in Articles of Globe Asia Magazine ... 11

4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 4.1 Conclusions ... 20

4.2. Suggestions ... 23

REFERENCES ... 24

ABSTRACT

Many aspects of language that can be studied in English grammar and one of them is adjective clause. The title of this paper is An Analysis of Adjective Clauses in Articles of Globe Asia Magazine. In this paper, the writer discusses definition of clauses, kind of clauses and the use according to the right English grammar. This paper consists of four chapters the first chapter is an introduction that contains the background, the problem, the scope of the study and the method of the study. The second chapter is the theoretical basis which contains the fundamental theory of adjective clauses and the most dominant, the most frequent using of adjective clause. The last chapter is about conclusions and suggestions, consist of a description of the analytical results obtained from the third chapter and the advice given to readers or other writers who take the same research topic.

ABSTRAK

Banyak bahasa yang dapat di bahas dalam tata bahasa Inggris dan salah satunya adalah klausa adjective. Judul kertas karya ini adalah An Analysis of Adjective Clauses in Articles of Globe Asia Magazine. Dalam kertas karya ini, penulis membahas tentang definisi dari clauses, jenis-jenis clauses dan penggunannya menurut tata bahasa Inggris yang benar. Kertas karya ini terdiri dari empat bab yaitu bab pertama adalah bab pendahuluan yang berisikan latar belakang penelitian, pembatasan masalah, perumusan masalah, tujuan dan manfaat penelitian. Bab kedua adalah landasan teori yang berisikan dasar-dasar teori tentang adjective clauses. Bab ke tiga adalah analisis dan hasil yang merupakan adjective clauses yang diperoleh dari artikel dan mencari adjective clauses apa yang paling sering digunakan. Pada bab terakhir yaitu kesimpulan dan saran berisikan tentang penjelasan mengenai hasil yang diperoleh dari bab ke tiga dan sekaligus berisikan tentang saran-saran yang diberikan untuk pembaca atau penulis yang lain yang mengambil topik penelitian yang sama.

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of Study

Language, as a means of communication plays an imprortant role to human’s life. We use language in order to cummunicate one another, express our personal reaction to situation, to stimulate a response in something else, and for sake of thinking something out (Montgomery,1962:15).

Crystal (1997;17) states that there are many languages in the world. Every person speaks their own languages, for instance Indonesians speak Indonesian and English people speak English language, etc. But in globalization era, English language becomes the international language because many countries interact with other countries. They need international language in order to understand each other. Grammar is a body of rules specifying how meanings create in English.

Grammar is the natural, inherent, meaning-making system of the language, a system that governs the way words come together to form meanings; grammar is also study of the system, the various theories or perspectives that attempt to understand it (Hancock, 2005). To make a good and correct writing, we should use correct grammar. Grammar as the basic building blocks of a language when you know grammar, things like clauses; how to use adjective clause, how to use adverb clause and so on.

A sentence is a full predication containing a subject plus a predicate with a finite verb. Its arrangement may be symbolized by such formulas as SVO (Frank, 1972). Sentences are generally classified into two ways, one by types and one by the number of formal predications

Langan (2003:100) states that clause is a group of word that has a subject and a verb and must express a complete thought. A clause may be defined in the same way as a sentence. It is a full predication that contains a subject and a predicate with a finite verb. A clause consist of independendt clause ( main clause) and dependent clause (subordinate clause). The independent clause is a clause that can stand alone and can have a complete meaning by itself. The dependent clause is a clause that can not stand by itself. It depends on the main clause. This dependent clause has a special introductory word or we call it conjunction.

According to Oshima (1991:160) clauses can be classified into three kinds: 1) Noun Clauses

2) Adverb Clause 3) Adjective Clauses

The clauses in the articles play the important rule in the sentence in order to make the reader understand the idea of its contains. Adjective clauses such as who, whom, whose, which, that, when,where and why are often used in articles.

The writer chooses the articles because they contain a lot of adjective clauses. The writer wants to know what are the dominant adjective clauses used in Globe Asia magazine.

1.2The Problems of the Study

Base on the background described above the writer would like to investigate:

2) What are the dominant adjective clauses used in the articles of Globe Asia magazine?

1.3The Scope of the Study

The writer limits the study only about adjective clauses. The adjective clauses will be explained in more detail. There are many interesting subjects in English that can be discussed in this regard. The writer just restricts the study on adjective clauses found in 7 articles of Globe Asia Magazine Volume 7 Number 12 December 2013 as:

1) A person ; who, whom, whose 2) A thing ; which, that

3) A time ; when 4) A place ; where 5) A reason ; why

1.4The Purpose of the Study

Concerning to the problem of the study explained above, the objective of the study can be formulated below:

1) To find out the adjective clauses that found in the selected articles of the Globe Asia Magazine.

2) To find out the number of the dominant Adjective Clauses in the articles of Globe Asia magazine.

3) To fulfill the requirement to get a Diploma Certificate in English Study Program at Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara.

1.5The Methods of the Study

The method applied for this writing is the library research. The writer will collect all the required data from seven articles of Globe Asia Magazine Volume 7 Number 12 December 2013.

In order to get the percentage of adjective clauses that mostly occur in the articles of Globe Asia Magazine, the following formula from Nawawi (1991:150) will be used:

X = Number of adjective clauses

Y = Total number of all data

N = Percentage of the adjective clauses �

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Veit (1986:6) states that grammar is a person’s subconscious language knowledge. The structure of expressions consists of the structure of words, phrases, clauses and sentences. Clause comes from the combination of words. Word discusses about part of speech which consists of noun, adjective, pronoun, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, interjection (Wren, and Martin 2000:3). Phrase is a group of words that functions in a sentence as a single part of speech. It does not have a subject or a verb. Phrase consists of prepositional phrase, adjective phrase, adverbial phrase, appositive phrase, verbal phrase, participle phrase, gerund phrase, and infinitive phrase (Rozakis 2003: 102).

The combination of clause forms sentences. This means everyone needs to understand clause first so that they can write sentences well. Based on that reason, this paper attempts to discuss clauses and more specifically the adjective clause. 2.1 Definition of Clause

Langan (2003:100) states that clause is a group of word that has a subject and a verb and must express a complete thought. Moreover, a clause begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark. McClelland and Marcotte (2003:232) state that there are two types of clause namely independent clause and dependent clause.

According to Blythe (2004) an independent clause consists of a subject and a predicate. And it consists of three types namely; independent clause with

transitive verbs, independent clause with intransitive verbs, and independent clause with linking verbs. For example;

1) I read a magazine last week. (independent clause with transitive verb) 2) He is very handsome. (independent clause with transitive verb)

3) He looks very handsome. (independent clause with linking verb)

Dependent clause is not a complete idea. A dependent clause often has S – V –C form, but is not a sentence because the meaning is not clear (McClelland and Marcotte 2003:233). So it can not stand alone as a sentence. For example: 1) He bites his finger when he is nervous. (The clauses when he is nervous and

you are always okay are dependent clauses. The clause "when he is nervous" is the adverb clause of verb bite).

2) I hope you are always okay. ("You are always okay" is noun clause which stands as an object. There are three types of dependent clause here).

According to Frank (1972) there are three types of dependent clauses: noun clause, adverb clause and adjective clause. It will be discussed one by one.

2.2 Kinds of Clauses 2.2.1 Noun Clause

A noun clause consists of a subject and predicate that functions as a noun Frank (1972:62) in her book Modern English: Exercise for Non – Native Speakers. A noun clause may be classified according to the kinds of sentences from which they are derivied; statements, questions, requests, exclamations.

Types

Types and functions of noun clauses

1) Statement 2) Question 3) Interrogative 4) Exclamation Introductory conjunction That Whether If Who What Which When

Where, Why, How What

How

Function Subject

Subject after it

Subjective complement Object of a verb

Appositive Subject

Subjective complement Object of verb

Object of preposition Subject

Subjective complement Object of verb

Object of preposition

Object of verb Object of preposition

Examples:

1) It is well knowns that coffee grows in Brazil. (subject after it) 2) That she is narrow minded really shocks me. (subject of a verb) 3) I know that your father is a Prime Minister. (object of a verb)

4) His belief that some of his night mares will come true can’t be tolerated. (appositive)

5) My understanding it that you are his wife. (subjective complement) 6) Whether he gets the money doesn’t concern me. (subject)

7) The question is whether he will get the money. (subjective complement) 8) Do you know if she will come back? (object of verb)

9) We were concerned about whether they would return their dues. (object of preposition)

10) How he gets the job is his own problem. ( subject) 11) I’m asking where you stay? (object of a verb)

12) I’m afraid of what will happen next. (object of preposition)

13) The problem is when will they give our result? (subjective complement) 14) I hadn’t realized what a pretty girl she was. (object of verb)

2.2.2 Adverb Clause

An adverb clause consists of a subject and predicate introduced by a subordinate conjunction like when, although, because, if (Frank 1972:23) in his book Modern English: Exercise for Non-Native Speaker Part II. Most types of adverbial clauses function as modifying the verb of the main clause. Adverb clause has three possible positions: initial, middle, and final positions.

Examples:

1) When he comes, you may call me out. (initial)

2) He invited me, although I refused, to attend his wedding ceremony. (middle) 3) Shut all the windows before you go out. (final)

1) Adverb Clause of Time Types of adverb clauses

2) Adverb Clause of Place 3) Adverb Clause of Concession 4) Adverb Clause of Result 5) Adverb Clause of Purpose 6) Adverb Clause of Condition

while, when, since, until, whenever, after, before, as, etc.

where, wherever

although, though, even if, as if, even though, etc. so, that, so that, such a...that

in order that, so that, in the hope that, lest, etc. if, unless, if only, on condition that, in case, as long

7) Adverb Clause of Reason 8) Adverb Clause of Manner 9) Adverb Clause of Comparison

as, so long as, provided that, if only, etc. because , for, since, as.

as

as...as, so...as, more...than, less...than

Examples:

1) The new machine works just as efficiently as the old one did. 2) The gown we saw yesterday is less expensive than this one. 3) You may do it as you like.

4) I don’t know whether he is going to party or not.

5) So long as someone is willing to treat her, she would go to the movies. 6) He sat in the front row, so that he heard every word of the lecture.

7) We will be glad to go with you to the theatre tonight provided that we can get a baby-sitter.

8) They are working night and day in the hope that they can finish the building at the scheduled time.

9) She is so emotional that every little thing upsets her. 10) Once she makes up her mind, she never changes it. 2.2.3 Adjective Clause

Adjective modifies a noun. It describes or gives information about a noun (Azar 1992: 309). The adjective clause modifies a preceding noun or a pronoun. The noun or pronoun being modified is called the anticident. The adjective clause is also called a relative clause.

Noun Meaning

Types of adjective clauses

1) A person

2) A thing

3) A time 4) A place 5) A reason

Conjunction Who Whom Whose Which That When Where why Examples:

1) He paid the man who had done the work. 2) I saw the girl whom you inroduced to me. 3) The man whose car was lost put a case. 4) Here is the book which describes animals. 5) The chair that he broke is being repaired. 6) This is the year when everyone will enjoy.

7) Here is the boarding where I was brought up.Give me the reason why you did that.

3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSES USED IN ARTICLES OF GLOBE ASIA MAGAZINE

3.1 The Adjective Clauses Used in the Articles of Globe Asia Magazine

In this chapter the writer will analyze the adjective clauses which are found in articles of Globe Asia magazine. The writer find out that there are five kinds of adjective clauses (a person, a thing, time, a place and a reason).

3.2 The Analysis of Adjective Clauses Used in The Articles of Globe Asia Magazine

The Adjective Clauses

A Person (who, whom, whose)

1. The power 50 list is therefore designed to recognize those individuals who have made a mark on their field of work and contributed to the well-being of the nation.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 3)

2. Whether it is in government, politics, social organizations, the armed forces or in business, we recognize those who have made a positive impact.

(Those who made a difference in 2013. page 12 line 4)

3. The generals and soldiers who once lorded over the country are now just part of system, confined to their roles, which is to defend the country.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 6)

4. Beyond that we hope our list will provide readers with a snapshot of the people who made a difference in 2013.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 11)

the list this year as well as corporate chiefs such as the president director of Garuda Indonesia who has done a remarkable job in turning around the once-struggling airline.

( Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 12)

6. Turrony, who supervises the company's new Indonesia operation, believes there is plenty of room for cooperation programs with business that can produce a real difference for the millions of people who continue to live in difficult circumstances.

(Water for a better world page 38 line 32)

7. Harry Tanoesoedibjo, who aspires to the VP spot in the next government, has outlined his strategies to transform Indonesia into a powerhouse economy, but acknowledges that his first challenge would be to stabilize it from attacks on the currency.

(Harry Tanoesoedibjo, page 64 line 1)

8. Harry, who will run with retired general Wiranto in next year's election, says he is deeply concerned about the mismanagement of the country.

(Harry Tanoesoedibjo, page 64 line 2)

9. I would add that it is hardly a coincidence that this line of argument fits nicely into the fiscalist message of Germany's Social Democratic party with whom Chancellor Angela Market is currently trying to arrange a governing coalition. (Europe's Bank money blues, page 22 line 14)

10. Many companies whose balance sheets were highly leveraged collapsed. (The turning point, page 100 line 10)

11. Life was very difficult, especially for rupiah earners whose debts and expenses were in US dollars.

(The turning point, page 100 line 11) A Thing (which, that)

1. The generals and soldiers who once lorded over the country are now just part of system, confined to their roles, which is to defend the country.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 6)

2. The opening shots in this battle were fired by none other than the United States Treasury Department, which had the audacity to blame Germany for a weak Euro zone recovery in its semi-annii2l foreign exchange report.

(Europe's bank money blues, page 22 line 2)

3. This can be seen by looking at credit to the private sector, which is an important counterpart to bank money.

(Europe's bank money blues, page 24 line 40)

4. The promises more mandatory bank deleveraging, which will result an even tighter squeeze on bank money an private credit in Europe.

(Europe's bank money blues, page 24 line 46)

5. Even cities such as Singapore and Hong Kong which have invested heavily in public transportation as well as on road infrastructure, still have traffic congestion.

(Solving the traffic nightmare, page 26 line 4)

6. This means that more Indonesians will want to own cars and motorcycles, which means more traffic in the future.

(Solving the traffic nightmare, page 28 line 39)

7. The importance of water for humankind has driven social enterpreneurs Tan Jeu In and Sean Tan, founders and owners of Singaporean social enterprise company JE capital Pte. Ltd. – which operates under the name Good water company – to push for cooperation programs that can provide good, healthy water for communities using simple technology.

(Water for a better world, page 36 line 1)

8. Thanks to Aqua 1 and the Goodwater company, Singapore, orphan children in Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia, are able to enjoy fresh and better-tasting water which was obtained from rainwater.

(Water fora better world, page 38 line 15)

9. After treating the water, a device can be dipped in the water which will display one of eight different colors that tell the user exactly how safe the water is to use.

(Water for a better world, page 38 line 23)

10. The goodwater company has also signed an agreement with PT. Holland for water, which produces water purifiers.

(Water fora better world, page 38 line 24)

11. Of course, the plodges will only be useful if the two parties are serious about following up, which takes rigor and hard work.

(The turning point, page 102 line 57)

12. Between 1920 and 1930, Braga became famous for its boutiques and fashion shop which resembled the streets of Paris-this was why Bandung was then

called Paris Van Java, or The Paris of Java. (Jalan Braga, page 140 line 5)

13. Polical power is therefore supreme and it is for this reason that President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is preched on top of our list.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 8)

14. Beyond that we hope our list will provide readers with a snapshot of the people who made a difference in 2013.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 11)

15. Indonesia's political, economic and social landscape is undergroing great change and that is reflected in the power 50 list.

(Those who made a difference in 2013, page 12 line 15)

16. In recent years, the fiscalist crowd has advanced the one — dimensional argument that fiscal stimulus is the only way to save struggling economies in the wake of the crisis.

(Europe's Bank money blues, page 22 line 15)

17. State money is the high — powered money ( the so — called monetary base) that is produced by central banks.

(Europe's Bank money blues, page 24 line 27)

18. These gates could be fixed with electronic sensors that lift them only when traffic ahead is clear.

(Solving the traffic nightmare, page 28 line 36)

19. The importance of water for humankind has driven social enterpreneurs Tan Jeu In and Sean Tan, founders and owners of Singaporean social enterprise

company JE capital Pte. Ltd. – which operates under the name Good water company – to push for cooperation programs that can provide good, healthy water for communities using simple technology.

(Water fora better world, page 36 line 1)

20. We are more or less like a system integrator, to tie up many parties that have a special concern in helping and giving back something to the community, particularly in water supply, through the provision of simple and cheap water purifier equipment.

(Water fora better world, page 38 line 8)

21. _{The water purification and storage technology incorporates a chip that} controls a polypropylene rigid film.

(Water for a better world, page 38 line 22)

22. _{After treating the water, a device can be dipped in the water which will} display one of eight different colors that tell the user exactly how safe the water is to use.

(Water for a better world, page 38 line 23)

23. _{Tan Jeu-In adds that his company's business model is designed to assist other} organizations and companies to create effective CSR programs that reach the right target with transparent investemnt structures.

(Water for a better world, page 38 line 26)

24. There is no shortages of companies in the world that want to help people as a way of giving back to the community but lack knowledge about how to reach people in need and the technical knowledge to make a difference, he states.

(Water fora better world, page 38 line 28)

25. Indonesia's rising business strength is also creating the potential for strong CSR programs that can help variety of ways.

(Water fora better world, page 38 line 30)

26. Turrony, who supervises the company's new Indonesia operation, believes there is plenty of room for cooperation programs with business that can produce a real difference for the millions of people who continue to live in difficult circumstances.

(Water fora better world, page 38 line 32)

27. His Media Nusantara Citra Group boasts free to-air television networks that control more than 70% of the audience in the country, a handy political tool. (Harry Tanoesoedibjo, page 64 line 3)

28. On another front, the share of manfacturing – based exports that reached a peak of almost 65 % in 1998 began to decline in the following year.

(The turning point, page 100 1 ine 21)

29. Investment is the key word that shifts the relationship between the two. (The turning piont, page 102 line 53)

A Time (when)

1. Yes, when we look at the Eurozone's money supply, more specifically the portion created by the private banking sector, the German austerity scapegoat begins to look more like a red herring.

(Europe's Bank money blues, page 24 line 23)

is actually lower now then it was when Lehman collapsed in September 2008. (Europe's Bank money blues, page 24 line 41)

3. Moving from one place to another, even if it is a short distance, can take up to an hour and on days when the capital city comes to a standstill, it is better just to sit at home.

(Solving the traffic nightmare, page 26 line 2)

4. Those problems even include times when rain is pouring out of the skies, but when floods have polluted water sources.

( Water for a better world, page 38 line 20) A Place (where)

1. This issue was discussed at the recent Kadin leaders meeting in Palembang where President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and his senior cabinet ministers were also present.

(Solving the traffic nightmare, page 28 line 23)

3. Based on historical accounts, Jalan Braga was formerly a narrow and dark steer where the Dutch then built shops, bars and entertainment joints in the early 1900s. (Jalan Braga, page 140 line 4)

A Reason (why)

1. A careful examination of the money supply, broadly measured, shows why the Eurozone economies have been on the brink of recession ever since Lehman Brothers collapsed in September 2008.

(Europe's Bank money blues, page 24 line 32)

and there is no reason why it could not work in Jakarta. (Solving the traffic nightmare, page 28 line 29)

3. Between 1920 and 1930, Braga abecame famous for its boutiques and fashion shop which resembled the streets of Paris-this was why Bandung was then called Paris Van Java, or The Paris of Java

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 4.3 Conclusion

There are a lot of adjective clauses found in the 7 articles of Globe Asia magazine Volume 7 Number 12 December 2013. The writer found 49 kinds of adjective clauses. Consisting of 11 adjective clauses referring to a person, 29 adjective clauses referring to a thing, 4 adjective clauses referring to a time, 2 adjective clauses referring to a place, and 3 adjective clauses referring to a reason.

No. Noun Meaning Conjunction Total

1. A person Who 8

Whom 1

Whose 2

2. A thing Which 12

That 17

3. A time When 4

4. A place Where 2

5. A reason Why 3

21 Percentage 16,33 % 2,04 % 4,09 % 24,49 % 34,70 % 8,17% 4,09 % 6,13 % 100 % Formula

8/49 x 100% =

1/49 x 100% = 2/49 x 100% =

12/49 x 100% =

17/49 x 100% =

4/49 x 100% =

2/49 x 100% =

3/49 x 100% =

Conjunction Who Whom Whose Which That When Where Why 8 Noun meaning A person A thing A time A place A reason 5 No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Total Universitas Sumatera Utara

No. Conjunction Percentage

1. That 34,70 %

2. Which 24,49 %

3. Who 16,33 %

4. When 8,17 %

5. Why 6,13 %

6. Where 4,09 %

7. Whose 4,09 %

8. Whom 2,04 %

Total 8 100 %

That Adjective clause is the most dominant use in the 7 articles of Globe Asia magazine Volume 7 Number 12 December 2013 with a percentage of 34,70 %.

4.2 Suggestion

After completed this paper. The writer would like to present some suggestions such as:

1) For English students especially the beginners. It is important to understand adjective clauses in order to be able to make accepted sentences.

2) The writer hopes this paper can enrich knowledge about the usage and function of adjective clauses in English.

3) The writer also hopes the readers can get much information about adjective clauses from this paper.

REFERENCES

Azar, Betty Schrampfer. 1992. Fundamental of English Grammar. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Blythe. 2004. English Grammar. Ausbin: University of Texas.

Crystal, David. 1997. English as Global Language. England : Cambridge University press.

Frank, Marcella.1972. Modern English: A Practical Reference Guide. New Jersey Prentice Hall.

Frank, Marcella. 1972. Modern English: Exercise for Non-Native Speaker Part II. Englewood.

Halliday, M.A.K. 1985. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. London: Arnold.

Hancock, Craig. 2005. Meaning Centered Grammar. London : Equinnox. Hellen, Patrict. 1973. Sentence Patterns. Columbia: Columbia Prestige, Inc. Huddelston, Rodney. 1984. Introduction to The English of Grammar. Cambridge

University Press: Cambridge Press: Cambridge. Langan, Jhon. 2003. Sentence Skills. New York: McGraw Hill.

McClelland, L.D. and Marcotte, P. H. 2003. Writing Matters. New York: McGra Hill Contemporary.

Montgemery, Robert L. and Sutherland, William. 1962. Language and Indeas. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Nawawi, Hadari. 1991. Metode Penelitian Bidang Sosial. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada. University Press.

Oshima and Houge. 1991. The Nominal Group and Relative Clauses. Rozakis, Laurie. 2003. English Grammar for Utterly Confused. New

York:McGraw-Hill Companies.

Ruth, Margaret. 1999. English Grammar. New Jersey: Petersburg.

Sembiring, Matius C.A. 2013. Kompilasi Bahan Kuliah. Medan: USU Press. Sembiring, Matius C.A. 2014. Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa Inggris.

Veit, Richard. 1986. Discovering English Grammar. Paperback: Prentice Hall. Wren and Martin, 2000. New Edition High School English Grammar &

APPENDICES

Globe Asia magazine

Globe Asia is a premium business monthly that covers a range of topics (business news, entrepreneur and company profiles, politics, foreign economic affairs, lifestyle pieces etc). While a business reporting background is not necessary, an interest in business reportage will help candidates. Interns should endeavour to read through a number of Globe Asia back issues to get a feel for the magazine and work hard to bring themselves up to speed on contemporary business affairs during their first weeks in Jakarta (or better still, pre-departure). Discuss story ideas with the Project Officer so that when you walk in on the first day it is with four stories to pitch to the editors.

The Globe Asia office is a relaxed work environment with very friendly people. It may seem a bit laid back at times - that is, until deadlines start approaching. Help is always on hand at Globe Asia; you just need to ask. All that students really need for this placement is initiative and persistence. You have to pitch stories as they will not be provided by editors. You then have to follow them through by contacting your sources. Globe Asia can provide you with quite an impressive list of contacts, but depending on your story you may have to do all the

hard work yourself. As one student in 2009 said, ‘interviews can be frustrating if you have limited Indonesian language skills, but with persistence you will find ways of getting around language barriers’.

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