59
F. Research Procedure
This research followed the steps of action research designed by Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns 2010: 8. The steps which were
implemented in each stage involved reconnaissance, planning, action, observation, and reflection.
1. Reconnaissance In this stage, the observation was done to examine the teaching and
learning process of English happened in the classroom and the interviews were gathered with the English teacher and the students as well to gain
important data. The observation was focused on collecting information related to the students‟ writing abilities especially for writing recount texts
before implementing the dialogue journal technique to know the problems that existed there and the causes of the problems as well. A limited
preliminary observation and interviews were conducted in purpose to identify the problems from both parties, the students of class X-C of SMA
N 5 Magelang and the English teacher. 2. Planning
After the problems had been identified successfully, the research team discussed the best way to solve the problems and to bring improvement in
quality of teaching and learning process. In planning the actions, the research team worked together to prepare the techniques, materials and the
actions to be performed as well as the instruments to collect the data
60 during the research. Those were implemented in order to solve the
problems in the class of X-C of SMA N 5 Magelang. 3. Action
After the plans were well decided, the actions were performed in the field. They were done in two cycles which each cycle took of two classroom
meetings. Before the actions were implemented, the students were given a test to examine their ability in writing recount text. In addition, at the end
of the cycle, a test was administered to the students to examine how far the implementation of the dialogue journal technique in the cycle influenced
their writing fluency. 4. Observation
During the actions, the English teacher as the collaborator acted as an observer that monitored the students‟ behavior and observed on everything
happened in the classroom. Based on the results of the observations, the research team made reflections on the previous activities and determined
the changes of actions they would do on the next meeting. 5. Reflection
The research team reflected on and evaluated the effect of the actions implemented in the first cycle. After that, the effects and obstacles during
the actions were analyzed in order to tell what had happened and to understand more deeply about the issues. Moreover, the English teacher
and the students as well were interviewed to know their opinions and
61 feelings towards the actions. Based on the those data, the next cycle was
planned to make more significant improvement.
62
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS