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the stranger’s motivation. We can see it from his effort in fulfilling his family’s needs so they do not lack anything.
Unfortunately, one day a group of terrorist snatches his wife and daughters whom he loves so much. His life changes at once. His wife and two daughters
have been kidnapped as hostages. The terrorists do this because the stranger works as a director in a big farm of arms manufactures and they want to get some
weapon from the stranger illegally. What can he do? Because he is a good citizen, he informs this problem to the police who are more expert in handling this case.
Automatically, when he is informing this problem to the police, he is like a husband and father who cannot protect his family. It is because all the decisions
have been taken by the police. When the police has successfully known where the terrorist’s cache is, they find his wife and two daughters have been murdered as
victims of terrorist’s cruelty. It is too difficult for him to receive it. “Before the day was out, the hiding place where they were keeping the
hostages had been discovered, and the kidnappers – two young men and a woman, all apparently inexperienced, simply disposable elements in a
powerful political organization – lay dead, riddled with bullets. Before they died, however, they had time to execute my wife and daughters… ” p.
66-67 Ironically, his wife and two daughters have been murdered by weapon
which is made by his company where he works. The stranger feels that it is difficult for him to believe anyone again. He can hardly receive the reality which
he has to face that his family has been killed by a group of terrorists. Then he begins his journey in searching the truth of human being’s nature.
“… I traveled to the four corners of the earth, alone with my grief, asking my self how human beings can be capable of such evil. I lost most
precious thing a man can have: my faith in my fellow man. I laughed and I
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wept at God’s irony. At the absurd way he had chosen to demonstrate to me that I was an instrument of Good and Evil.” p. 68
He plans to prove whether human being is good or bad. He does it because
he still cannot understand why the terrorists do that to his family. He wonders if the terrorists still have conscience when they do it to his family.
“This may seem naïve to you – after all, people kill each other every day for money – but that doesn’t interest me, I’m only concerned with my wife
and daughters. I want to know what was going on in the minds of those terrorists. I want to know whether, at any point, they might have taken pity
on them and let them leave, because their war had nothing to do with my family. I want to know if, when Good and Evil are pitted against each
other, there is a fraction of a second when Good might prevail.” p. 68-69 Kennedy and Gioia 1995: 60 state that “motivation is sufficient reason to
behave as they do.” They here indicate people who have motivation in to do something. It is clear if we look the stranger’s behavior in looking for the truth
“whether human being is good or bad” in this novel. We know that he has lost all his family. For that reason, he is motivated to look for the truth behind human’s
nature. His disappointment and curiosity make him to tempt Viscos people. He ends his journey at a small village which is called Viscos. As I describe
in the previous part that Viscos village is so isolated, ancient and not interesting. A small village where the inhabitants are only 281 people and the people live in
peace and harmony. This small village, Viscos, becomes the place which is selected by the stranger in carrying out his planning.
2. How the Problem Appears
In carrying out his planning to tempt Viscos people, the stranger wants the Viscos to fall into ruin by its people. That is the reason why the stranger needs
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somebody to realize his planning. Finally, he meets a woman, named Chantal. Chantal is a young woman from Viscos village who has many dreams and future
hope. She is the youngest woman in Viscos village because her friends who have the same age as her have left to big city to achieve their dreams and future hope. It
is related to Kennedy and Gioia 1995: 60 about motivation in which it states that “motivation is sufficient reason to behave as they do”. However, it is seldom to
hear that young people who have many dreams do not want to try to achieve it. In fact, many people always go to big city in trying to change their life better. This
also becomes Chantal’s wish for a long time. As a young woman, Chantal has many ambitions, hopes and also desires in her life, like most of her friends who go
to big city to achieve their dreams. Chantal had had so many dreams: she thought she could overcome all
obstacles, find a husband, get a job in the big city, be discovered by a talent scout who happened to be visiting that out – of – the – way place in
the hope of finding peace, get a career in the theater, write a best – seller, have photographers calling out to her to pose for them, walk along life’s
red carpets p.31.
Henry Murray 1938 as quoted in Huffman, Vernoy, and Vernoy 2000: 392 says that “achievement motivation is the need for success for doing better
than others, and for mastering challenging tasks, the desire to excel, especially in competition with others”. If I relate this quotation to Chantal’s life, we can see
that this theory is similar to Chantal’s goal. However, Chantal also loves some challenging things such as becoming a career woman, actress in theater and also a
best seller writer in a big city. Zulkarnain 2007: 13 says that “Segala sesuatu yang terjadi pada diri kita dimulai dengan impian.” Everything happens to us is
begun from our dreams. It means that all that we want to be is from our dreams.
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We are free in imagining something which we want to be because we are what we are dreaming. When we are dreaming to be a successful person, we will be a
successful person and we will do everything to reach it. However, it is like a prince who craves a goddess from heaven, Chantal
also feels that her ambitions are just a dream. It is too difficult to achieve because she realizes that she has many limitation in achieving her dreams. This situation is
caused by Chantal who grows in a simple family and full of limitation in everything. Chantal herself is brought up by her old grandmother.
Life had always been so unfair to her: she didn’t know who her father was; her mother had died in childbirth, leaving her with a terrible burden of
guilt to bear; her grandmother, a countrywoman, had eked out a living as a dressmaker, saving every penny she could so that her granddaughter could
at least learn to read and write p.30-31.
From the quotation above, it shows that Chantal feels difficult to achieve her dreams, goes to a big city and becomes a successful woman full of luxury
without enough education background. Her biggest ambition is that she can leave Viscos with all the routine, in which she often works as a servant in the only hotel
in Viscos village and goes to big city to get her dreams come true as soon as possible.
Every day was another day spent waiting. Every night was a night when she might meet someone who would recognize her true worth. Every man
she took to her bed was the hope of leaving Viscos the following morning, never again to see those three streets, those stone houses with their slate
roofs, the church with its cemetery beside it, the hotel selling local handicrafts that took months to make and were sold for the same price as
mass – produced goods p. 31.
From the description of Chantal’s life above, we can see that Chantal also wants to go to a big city to reach her dreams. She thinks that her village cannot
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make her as qualified as she wants for her life. This conviction motivates her to do something so that she can leave Viscos. A great motivator from Indonesia,
Waringin 2007: 72-73 says that “Orang yang sukses adalah orang yang yakin bahwa ia mampu mencapai tujuannya.” A successful person is someone who
convinces that he is able to reach his goal. Based on the quotation above, it is clear that Chantal who has a strong will in changing her life better has to take
action. If, she does not do anything or take action, her dreams are impossible come to her life.
Based on Chantal’s background, the stranger feels that she is the right person to help him for his planning. Chantal is the first person who knows about
the stranger’s planning toward Viscos people and the stranger asks her to help him in telling his planning to Viscos people that if at the end of seven days, one of
Viscos people is found dead, the stranger will give the ten gold bars to the Viscos people.
“I’m giving them a week. If, at the end of seven days, someone in the village is found dead – it could be a useless old man, or someone with an
incurable illness, or a metal defective who requires constant attention, the victim doesn’t matter – then the money will go to the other villagers, and I
will conclude that we are all evil… .” p. 17
Then, Chantal will get a bar of gold as the reward for her because she has helped him in telling Viscos people about his planning. This thing, of course,
triggers reaction from Chantal. It means that she also wishes the existence of murder in Viscos village which is only for the sake of ten bars of gold and a gold
bar as the reward of Chantal’s effort. But, Chantal fights against the stranger’s desire because she thinks that it is a weird action. This situation shows Chantal’s
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dilemma because she has to choose between her dreams or her birthplace. In fact, people who are looking for their dreams will do everything to get it. It is because
dreams cannot be limited by anything such as fear, physical appearance or any barriers. “Anda boleh mengimpikan apa, kapan dan dimana saja.” You are free
in dreaming everything in anytime and anywhere, Zulkarnain 2007: 13. This also prevails to Chantal’s dreams. The stranger knows that Chantal is thinking
about his offer actually by telling about the gold bar which can make Chantal reaches anything that she wants. The stranger truly knows that Chantal really want
that gold to be able to realize what has been Chantal’s dreams. “… I showed you a gold bar, which would give you the necessary
financial independence to get out of here, to travel the world, to do whatever it is young woman from small; out of the way villages dream of
doing… .” p. 16.
The stranger makes a fool of Chantal’s mind by telling her that this is the opportunity for her to be able to realize what have been her dreams or to get a
better life. Chantal is so confused, she is also scared if she takes too long to tell Viscos people, another person will take this opportunity in telling about the
stranger’s planning. She was seized by panic: the one lucky moment in her life could vanish
that very afternoon. What if the stranger changed his mind? What if he decided to go in search of another village where he might find another
woman more willing to help him in his plans? p. 31-32
It might be possible that Chantal exactly becomes the victim of Viscos people because she is not willing to tell Viscos people about the stranger’s
message. However, those ten bars of gold can support Viscos people’s life for the next years. Thinking about that, there is a wrestling in Chantal’s heart.
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“…I’ll tell everyone that I gave the chance to help them, but you refused, then I’ll put my proposition to them myself. If they do decide to kill
someone, you will probably be their chosen victim.” p. 18
Her wrestling is she is not brave enough to convey the message to all Viscos people. It is because Chantal worries that the life order of Viscos village
which respects peace and harmony for a long time will be damaged as the result of Chantal’s action in conveying the stranger’s message to all Viscos people.
However, Chantal also thinks about the opportunity which comes to her through the stranger’s offer, the gold.
Chantal’s heart is wrestling for three nights about whether she conveys the stranger’s message or not to Viscos people. Chantal meets the stranger again after
their meeting by the river. The stranger asks Chantal the reason why she does not immediately tell about his planning to Viscos people. Chantal does not directly
answer the stranger’s question, but Chantal asks the stranger the reason why he chooses Viscos village to be the victim of his planning. Then, the stranger tells the
reason he chooses Viscos village, that is the stranger wants to know whether it is true or not the famous Viscos people who lives in peaceful and harmonious will
mortgage it for the sake of great reward, ten bars of gold, through taking someone’s life. After that, the stranger begins telling his life story to Chantal as
the reason of why he wishes to prove about whether human being is good or bad. Hearing the stranger’s life story, Chantal is willing to help him in telling
the stranger’s planning about what he will do to Viscos people. Chantal is willing to fulfill the stranger’s desire because she wants to show to the stranger that
human being still have conscience. She also wants to prove that Viscos people are
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good men. They always hold on God’s order firmly and loyally, so they will not do that weird thing, killing somebody else.
3. Factors Influencing Chantal’s Action
Motivated behavior is someone’s behavior which is set to make an action by a need Kalish, 1973: 29. Chantal’s action in conveying the stranger message
is supported by a strong reason that is the need of prosperity. In the theory of motivation, a need can be indicated as something that has not been fulfilled or in
the other word some type of satisfaction is lacking. And then, human being needs to reduce the dissatisfaction by doing something. The theory above also prevails
to Chantal who wants to reduce her dissatisfaction life. Chantal’s willingness in conveying the stranger’s message to Viscos
people can be seen from two factors. Those are internal factor and external factor. The internal factor which influences Chantal is Chantal’s desire to get the gold so
that she can reach her dreams. The external factor which influences Chantal is Chantal’s desire to prove that Viscos people are good men to the stranger. It
means that Viscos people are people who still have conscience in which they will not sacrifice their people for the sake of the ten bars of gold.
a. Internal Factor: Chantal’s Desire in Getting the Gold to Make Her Dreams Come True
This section analyzes the first factor which influences Chantal’s willingness in conveying the message, that is Chantal’s desire in getting the gold.
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I use theory proposed by Maslow 1959, 1965, 1971, 1973 and 1976 as quoted in Petri 1981: 302-305 about his hierarchy of needs and some theories about
motivation to support my analysis toward Chantal’s desire to get the gold as the reward from the stranger.
Huffman, Vernoy, Vernoy 2000: 401 state that intrinsic motivation is the desire to perform an act for its own sake. In this case, Chantal is willing to convey
the stranger’s message because she wants that gold which actually she does it for her own sake. This is what Chantal thought when she heard the stranger’s offer in
the first time. Chantal feels that sometimes her desire is so strong, but sometimes also so
weak. Three days three nights, Chantal’s mind is full of confusion. She is really wants the gold as the reward from the stranger. It is because by getting that gold,
Chantal can make her dreams come true. How much would it be worth? She couldn’t tell with any degree of
accuracy, but – as the stranger said – it would be enough for her not to have to worry about earning another penny for the rest of her life. She was
holding her dream in her hands, the thing she had always longed for, and which a miracle had set before her. Here was the opportunity to free
herself from all those identical days and nights in Viscos from the endless going back and forth to the hotel where she had worked since she was
eighteen, … p. 30.
Her desire to change her fate and her future is too strengthen her plan to
steal the gold and leave Viscos without caring about the stranger’s request and
Viscos future which has been her birthplace. Yet, this strong desire changed drastically and that extraordinary courage changed suddenly becomes a fear which
really controls over Chantal’s feeling.
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She had just realized there were two that prevent us from achieving our dreams: believing them to be impossible or seeing those dreams made
possible by sudden turn of the wheel of fortune, when you least expected it. For at that moment, all out fears suddenly surface: the fear of setting off
along a road heading who knows where, the fear a life full a new challenges, the fear for ever everything that is familiar. People want to
change everything and, at the same time, want it all to remain the same. p. 34.
Chantal’s willingness in conveying the stranger’s message is also supported by her needs to be fulfilled. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
as quoted in Petri 1981: 302-305, states that there are 5 hierarchy of needs;
psychological need, safety need, love belonging social need, esteem need and self-actualization.
First , safety need. The need to feel safe from financial limitation emerges
in Chantal’s mind when she knows about the gold. We know that she grows in a simple family whom her grandmother, a countrywoman, works as a dressmaker
and saves every penny to make her grandchild at least can learn write and read. Chantal lives in a limitation financial family. The aim is by getting the gold,
automatically she can be safe from her limitation financial.
Second, love belonging social need. Everyone needs to be loved by
others, so that others will consider his her existence. However, Chantal does not have that feeling. She is the youngest woman in Viscos village because every
young man and woman who was born in Viscos had gone to big city and left Chantal alone. She always searches her love in every man who comes to Viscos
village but the result is none. … just so as to have someone to talk to, another promise to hear, a few
days in which to dream of a possible new love and a one-way tickets out of the valley where she was born. Her heart has already been broken many
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times over, and yet she still believed she was destined to meet the man of her life. At first, she had let many chances slip by, thinking that the right
person had not yet arrived, but now she had thought, and she was prepared to leave Viscos with the first man willing to take her, even if she felt
nothing for him. Doubtless, she would learn to love him – love, too, was just a question of time. p. 12
We can see from the novel, she needs to be loved by others, that is why she plans to set up a meeting with the stranger accidentally near the mountain.
Yet, what she finds is not love but a wrestling heart to make a decision which is made by the stranger.
Third , esteem need. The need for self esteem to be independent and
freedom and also the need which requires esteem from others such as status, recognition and appreciation of one’s ability. Chantal also needs this esteem
need, she wants to be independent and get her freedom, she wishes that she can do anything including having good jobs, such as being a best-seller writer, a
model, a theater actress. Through those kinds of job automatically, she will be famous and known by many people.
Chantal’s situation in getting the gold is also similar to hedonic theory. According to Aiken 1969: 119 “hedonism is that behavior is directed toward
maximizing pleasure and maximizing pain.” I believe that everyone also does the same thing as the theory said. People will tend to avoid the pain and reach the
pleasure. By getting the gold, it is possible for her to get everything in her life, this is called maximum pleasure.
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b. External Factor: Chantal’s Desire in Proving to the Stranger that Viscos People are Good People
This section analyses the second factor which influences Chantal’s willingness in conveying the stranger’s message, that is Chantal’s desire in
proving to the stranger that Viscos people are good people. I use theory of motivation in analyzing this second factor. This theory can help to explain clearer
in analyzing Chantal’s desire to prove that Viscos are good people. Chantal’s struggle to prove Viscos people are good supported by her
conviction that Viscos people still have conscience. It means that they will not sacrifice one of their people for the sake of ten bars of gold. Staw as quoted in
Petri 1979: 315 states that extrinsic motivation emphasizes the external goals towards which the activity is directed. In this case, Chantal is motivated to do this
action because she has the external goal that she wants to prove to the stranger that Viscos people are good people.
Chantal believes in Viscos people. It is because she really knows Viscos people well. She has been there since she was a child; she knows more than the
stranger knows about Viscos people. So, there is no reason not to believe Viscos people in this case. That is the reason why Chantal is willing to convey the
stranger’s message. It is because she believes in Viscos people. Then, she will get the gold bar if Viscos people are proven good. However, Viscos people have
strong faith and are not easy to be persuaded to do something which will against one of the God’s ten commanders for ten bars of gold as the reward.
Chantal burst into tears, grateful to her grandmother for having reminded her of that story. Her people were good, and she could trust them. While
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she attempted to go back to sleep, she even toyed with the idea of telling them the stranger’s story, if only to see his shocked ace as he was driven
out of Viscos by its inhabitants. p. 25-26
Because of her conviction, she is brave to tell Viscos people about the stranger’s message. Then, Chantal explains about what the stranger’s planning
toward Viscos people enthusiastically. What Chantal wishes about Viscos people’s response is that Viscos people will agree to throw the stranger out from
Viscos village, because the stranger is considered as a bane to Viscos village. Huffman, Vernoy and Vernoy 2000: 392 states that motivation refers to
factors within an individual such as needs, desires and interest that activate, maintain, and direct behavior toward a goal. It is the same with Chantal who has
needs, desires and interest which brings her to fulfill it as her goal. That is why; she is going to tell Viscos people about the stranger’s message. Yet, every
decision is not avoided by some risks which will appear as soon as the decision has made.
3. The Impacts of the Problem
A dream is only a dream. It does not always come true in the reality. At least, this is what is going on with Chantal, in which she wants to eliminate all the
risks may appear in both getting the gold and saving Viscos. Unfortunately, Chantal’s conviction in telling Viscos people about the stranger’s message bring
some impacts which she does not realize will appear. However, she cannot avoid from those impacts. In fact, her negative image rechanges and Viscos’s future is
threatened damage because of the decision she made.
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a. Viscos People See Chantal’s Image Negatively
Firstly, Chantal is certain that Viscos people will admire her that she has saved Viscos village, if they know that the stranger will give those ten bars of
gold although there is no murder in Viscos village.
… She would tell them about the wager she had made, announcing that they had won the battle and were rich. She would never become a saint
like St. Savin, but for many generation to come she would be remembered as the woman who saved the village from Evil’s second visitation. Maybe
they would make up legends about her; the village’s future inhabitants might refer to her as a lovely young woman … p. 91
Chantal is so sure because after revealing the stranger’s message to Viscos
people, she meets the stranger again. She tries to make a new agreement with the stranger. She tells the stranger that although there is no one who will be sacrificed,
Viscos people still have their right toward the ten bars of gold as the appreciation of Viscos people’s integrity. This is also to make the agreement fair enough for
both of them. In this case, Chantal does not forget to struggle for her right too toward a bar of gold which will be hers if she is willing to tell to Viscos people
about that message. This situation shows that Chantal is a young woman who cannot give up easily. She will do everything to get her goal, in this case her
dreams through getting the gold. For the first time, the stranger does not believe in Chantal because he is
sure that she will tell about this agreement to Viscos people if he agrees with her. Finally Chantal can convince the stranger and promise that she will not tell Viscos
people before the next three days. Unfortunately, she cannot tell this new agreement because she has
promised that she will not tell about their agreement to Viscos people until three
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days later. However, Chantal’s explanation about the stranger’s message makes Viscos people have a negative view to her.
‘You know what’s going on,’ the blacksmith said. ‘You want us to commit a murder in return for money.’
‘I don’t want anything I just did what the guy told me to Have you all gone mad?’
‘You’re the one who’s gone mad. You should never have allowed yourself to become that madman’s mouthpiece What on earth do you want? What
are you getting out of it? Do you want to turn this place into a hell, just like it was in Ahab stories. Have you lost all sense of honour and dignity?’
Chantal began to tremble. ‘You really have gone mad Did you actually take the wager seriously?’
‘Just leave her,’ said the hotel landlady. ‘let’s go home and have breakfast.’
The group gradually dispersed. Chantal was still trembling, clutching her bread, rooted to the spot. Those people who had never agreed about
anything in their lives before were, for the first time ever, in complete accord: she was the guilty one. Not the stranger, not the wager, but her,
Chantal Prym, the instigator of the crime. Head the world turned upside down? p. 94-95
Yet, of course Chantal does not want to be blamed and considered as a bane to Viscos village.
b. Viscos Threatened Damaged
In fact, Chantal’s conviction is wrong that Viscos people will throw the stranger out from Viscos village. At the first time, it is right that they want the
stranger to leave their village. Unfortunately, the stranger does not want to leave Viscos as the reason that he has booked for one week.
However, the stranger’s offer has made Viscos people think twice. It can be seen when the baker van comes and Viscos people gather without saying
anything to the baker’s boy as a usual gossip.
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No one had said anything to the baker’s boy. Something like this would normally be talked about, either with
indignation or amusement, but the lad with the van, who delivered bread and gossip to the various villages in the region, had left with no idea of
what was going on. It was clear that everyone in Viscos was gathered together for the first time that day, and no one had had time to discuss
what had taken place the previous night, although everyone knew what had happened in the bar. And yet, unconsciously, they had all made a pact
of silence. In other words, each one of those people, in their heart of hearts, was
thinking the unthinkable, imagining the unimaginable. p. 95
Then, they, the landowner, the mayor, the mayor’s wife, the priest, and the hotel landlady, begin to think who will be the victim for the Viscos prosperity.
They also blame and accuse Chantal that she is in collaboration with the stranger as his accomplice. Chantal regrets that she has made a wrong decision by
conveying the stranger’s message. Chantal realizes that this case will be a time bomb for the ruin of Viscos village. They are trapped in the evil circle that is
sacrificing someone’s life to get ten bars of gold. However, Chantal has to find a way out to make the impacts not getting worse and worse.
B. Chantal’s Motivation in Saving Viscos
This study is about human motivation. As we know, people do something because they are motivated by some reasons. So, in this study, I am going to use
the theory of motivation. According to Atkinson, Atkinson, and Hilgard 1983: 314 motivation refers to the factors that energize and direct behavior. It is clear
that reasons can force someone to do something in reaching his goal. Kennedy and Gioia 1995: 60 also state that motivation is sufficient reason to behave as
they do. From the theory above, it is clear that motivation leads human to do an
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action, because reasonable things automatically can motivate or push someone to do something that he or she wants.
In this section, I am going to explain about Chantal’s motivation in saving Viscos. In analyzing this section, I am going to divide motivation into 2 types.
Henry Murray as quoted in Huffman, Vernoy, Vernoy 2000: 401 say that … two forms of motivation that effect achievement: intrinsic motivation
the desire to perform an act for its own sake and extrinsic motivation the desire to perform an act because of external rewards or avoidance of
punishment.
1. Intrinsic Motivation: Chantal is Going to Clear Her Image
Her image becomes negative when she is telling to Viscos people about the stranger’s message. Viscos people blame her that she collaborates with the
stranger as his accomplice to tempt Viscos. This situation is not what Chantal thought toward Viscos people. She wishes that Viscos people proud of her and
will thank to her about her action in saving Viscos. Now, because Chantal has been considered as the stranger’s accomplice,
she is going to clear her image too. As Huffman, Vernoy, Vernoy 2000: 401 state that intrinsic motivation is the desire to perform an act for its own sake. This
is clear when we see Chantal motivation in clearing her image. She does it for her own sake. She does not want to be considered as the stranger’s accomplice. She
wishes that Viscos people can trust her, so that she can convince the stranger that there is still conscience in Viscos people’s heart.
It is also proved that the stranger’s theory is wrong that all people are evil. Then, she can bring Viscos people into a better life without killing somebody else.
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2. Extrinsic Motivation a.
Chantal is Responsible about Her Action
Time goes by. Chantal does not want to live in moral punishment like this forever.
Chantal tries to finish this problem. Huffman, Vernoy, Vernoy 2000: 404 say that cognitive theory is a theory saying that motivation reflects thought in
processes such as attributions and expectancies in goal-directed behaviors. This theory means that everything needs a plan in reaching the goal. The statement
above can be seen in Chantal’s thought that her motivation behaviors are directed to reach her goal in finishing the impacts which appear because of her action.
However, she wants to be responsible because of her action. She has realized that she is wrong in making decision then she plans to repair her decision which she
has taken.
b. Chantal is Going to Return Viscos Village to the Original Situation
Chantal is going to be responsible toward her action and she wants to repair it as like the original situation of Viscos village. However, she has big
dreams which motivate her to take action as soon as possible, because this is about someone’s life and Viscos future life.
Chantal who is busy to find a way to save Viscos, but in the other hand, people who have affectation in Viscos village are making a plan to kill someone
labeled sacrifice. Yet this matter is very close to many elements of personal aim from every person
who has own self interest behind what happen in Viscos village. The landowner,
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the mayor, the mayor’s wife, the priest, and the hotel landlady, are busy in finding who will be the victim. This case is based on the priest’s wrong comprehension
that someone’s sacrifice will save all the people. “I am not going to run on too long today. I want all of you to understand
that part of human being is to accept our baser, perverse nature and know that the only reason that we were not condemned to eternal damnation
because of this base nature was that Jesus sacrificed himself to save humanity. I repeat: the sacrifice of the Son of God saved us all. The
sacrifice of a single person.” p. 127 This statement has given a wrong comprehension to Viscos people. Viscos
people think that this sacrifice is a glory sacrifice because this is to save many people in Viscos. They think this is the same with our God who sacrifices himself
to forgive our sin. But actually the case is only about the self interest from people who has affectation in Viscos village.
Finding the victim about who will be suitable to be sacrificed is still in progress. Some opinion they have revealed about who will be the victim in this
sacrifice moment. First is Chantal because she is considered as a traitor for her village, second is the priest who is viewed suitable to be sacrificed because he is
considered as a holy man, and the third is the old Bertha who is considered that she has no courage to live. They keep on debating about who will be suitable to be
sacrificed. The first choice falls to Chantal because she is considered as a bane to Viscos, that is why she is suitable to be sacrificed. Yet, because their goal is only
getting those ten bars of gold, so they do not choose Chantal as the victim in the end. They think that only Chantal who knows the location of those ten bars of
gold being hidden exactly. The second choice falls to the priest. The priest is considered as a holy man, that is why he is suitable to be sacrificed. In this case,
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the priest agrees with this, but the priest asks them to explain to Viscos people that killing a servant of God is not a big sin. They mind about that because they know
that Viscos people will not believe them and they will be marked as a weird murder who are brave to sacrifice the servant of God only for ten bars of gold.
Finally, they do not choose the priest as the victim of Viscos village. The third choice is the old Bertha. Bertha is chosen to be the victim for Viscos village
because they think that she is old enough and lives alone in her house. Finally, they make a decision that the old Bertha will be the suitable victim to be sacrificed
for Viscos village. This Viscos people’s behavior can be categorized as a motivation too. It is
in line with what is stated by Kalish 1973: 29 that Motivated behavior is behavior set into motion by a need. A need indicates
that some types of satisfaction is lacking and implies that the organism is activated to reduce the dissatisfaction.
It can be seen from their situation. Viscos village is an ancient village, there is no improvement there. Automatically, Viscos people also have no
improvement too. Viscos people live in limitation. Every year, they always wait for hunters who come to their village to hunt wolf. But, they worry since wolves
in Viscos have been killed by the hunters,. “It’s been months since any wolves were heard in the area,” confirmed
another woman who made conserves to be sold in the hotel shop. “The hunters must have killed them all, which is bad news for us because the
wolves are the main reason the hunters come up here at all… ” p. 41 That is why Viscos people are motivated in doing what the stranger’s
wants, taking someone’s life to get the ten bars of gold in which all of that gold can make all the people in Viscos do not need to work again.
