Assessing Procedure Text Procedure Text
as the big house, both big and house can be callocated with many other common words, the small house, the big problem. It is depend on the context of situation
where those words have to be combined. Hill differentiates collocation into more specific types
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: 1.
Unique collocations They have the unique meaning such as foot the bill which means to pay
an amount of money, not related to the part of body as the individual word foot.
2. Strong collocations
They are not unique but strong or very strong combination such as ulterior motives, harbour grudge.
3. Weak collocations
They are the combination of usual words in English, for example bad habit, expensive car, good time.
4. Medium-strength collocation
They are not strong or weak but in the middle, for instance hold a conversation, make a mistake, do the homework.
Collocation includes idiom and phrasal verb. Lewis mentions that all collocations are idiomatic and all phrasal verbs and idioms are collocations or contain
collocations. Collocations are placed on a sliding scale of meaning and form relatively unrestricted collocations to highly fixed idioms. He classifies
collocation into free collocation, restricted collocation, figurative idiom, and pure idiom.
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There are two major categories of collocation, lexical collocation and grammatical collocation. Lexical collocation is collocation in which two lexical
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Jimmie Hill in Michael Lewis, Teaching Collocation: Further Developments in the Lexical Approach, Hove: Language Teaching Publications, 2000, pp. 63-64
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Christopher Gledhill, Collocations in Science Writing, Language in Performance Series No. 22, Tubingen: Gunter Narr Verlag,2000, pp.7-20
elements co-occur and grammatical collocations are collocations in which a lexical and a more grammatical element, for instance a preposition.
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There are several combinations of grammatical collocation and lexical collocation
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: 1.
Grammatical collocations noun+preposition combination
sympathy with, blocade against, apathy towards noun+to-infinitive
an effort to get a job a struggle to solve the problem
noun+that-clause
He took an oath that he would do his duty.
preposition+noun by accident, in advance, etc.
adjective+preposition
they are angry at the children.
predicate adjective+to-infinitive
It was necessary to work together.
Collocational verb patterns For instance verb+preposition:
Boil the vegetable for five minutes
2. Lexical collocation
verb usually transitive + noun pronoun or prepositional phrase come to an agreement, compose a music,
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Nadja Nesselhauf, Collocations in a Learner Corpus, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004, p.22