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2.4.6 Existential Processes.
Existential are easy to identify as the structure involves the use of the word there. There, when used in existential processes, has no
representational meaning: it does not refer to a location. It is present in the clause merely because all English clauses require a subject. It is important to
distinguish between there used as an existential subject, and there used as a circumstance of location. While structural there is usually unstressed,
circumstantial there is usually stressed and often carries an intonation contour. The structural there in an existential process does not receive any
functional label, as it is not encoding any representational meaning. It is left unanalyzed for transitivity, although in mood analysis it is of course
assigned the subject role Eggin, 2004: 238. Existential processes typically employ the verb be or synonyms such
exist, arise, and occur. The only obligator participant in an existential process which receives a functional label is called the existent. This
participant which usually follows the there isthere are sequence, may be a phenomenon of any kind, and is often in fact an event nominal zed action,
e.g. there was a battle. Circumstantial elements particularly of location are common in existential processes, for example:
There was
snow On the ground.
Pr: existential Existent
Circ: location
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were These two wonderful Swiss men.
Pr: existential Existent
Should there
arise Any difficulties.
Pr: exist Existent
2.4.7 Review of Related Literature
In completing this thesis, the writer consults some related analysis based on the experiential meaning system to support this thesis. Some of the related research
to this can be mentions under following, there are: Experiential meaning is expressed through the system of transitivity or
process type, with the choice of process implicating associated participant roles and configurations. System cists argue that the clause’s experiential meaning is realized
simultaneously with its interpersonal meaning, so that the description of transitivity in the clause complements it is simultaneous Mood description Eggins, 2004: 206.
Transitivity is structure of English clauses. Clauses can be seen to select for a process type: The process consists of Material Process process of doing, Mental
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Process process of sensing, Relation Process process of being, Verbal Process process of saying, Behavioral Process the combination of psychological and
physiological behavioral, and the last Existential Process represents that something exist and happen. The participant are directly involved in the process by being
effected by it, the one that is done to, sensed, etc. while circumstances are typical adjuncts Eggins : 2004.
There are some related references to completing this analysis: Phrasal and Experiential Realizations in Lecture Discourse, written by Sinar : 2007. This book
discusses about the function of language which is to make meanings. An Introduction Systemic Functional Linguistics. Written by Eggin 2004. This
book discusses about the metafunction of languages. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. Written by M.A.K Halliday 2004,
this book tells about the motif of using a grammar to analyze text. An analysis of Material and Mental Process of Three Selected George
W.Bush’s speeches. Written by Nurul Adi Susanto 2007. In this thesis, he explores the transitivity process which belong to Material and Mental Process in George W
Bush’s speeches by adopting the Systemic Functional Approach. He found material process 67, 5 as the most dominant process that accrued.
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An Analysis of Transitivity Process Types on President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s Selected Speeches. Written by Sofina 2002. In this work, she analyzes
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s selected speeches. In this work, she analyzes President Susilo bamabang Yudhoyono’s selected speeches to find the transitivity
process that occurred. In her final analysis, she find the material process 50, 92 as the most dominant process that occurred.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
In analyzing the speeches, both the library research are used in the analysis of the thesis some related references either from books and internet is also used to support the
analysis of the experiential meaning of Benazir Bhutto’s speech. Regarding to this method, Syafri, 2001: 74 says:
“Penelitian perpustakaan hanya mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagi jurnal, artikel, buku, monograf yang ada di perpustakaan”.
Library research only collects the information from journals, articles, book, and monographs in library.
3.2 Data Collecting Method
I choose the two Benazir Bhutto’s speeches as the primary source of the analysis, the data collected by using simple random sampling Rakhmat, 1991: 79. There are two
topics of her speeches, i.e. 1 Pakistan, Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. 2 Social Development and Women’s Empowerment. The first speeches is presented in San Francisco
on January 22, 1999, consists of 12 pages and the second one presented in New Delhi on November 26, 2001, consist of 13 pages.
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