Research Method Data Collecting Method Data Analysis Method

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Method

In analyzing the speeches, both the library research are used in the analysis of the thesis some related references either from books and internet is also used to support the analysis of the experiential meaning of Benazir Bhutto’s speech. Regarding to this method, Syafri, 2001: 74 says: “Penelitian perpustakaan hanya mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagi jurnal, artikel, buku, monograf yang ada di perpustakaan”. Library research only collects the information from journals, articles, book, and monographs in library.

3.2 Data Collecting Method

I choose the two Benazir Bhutto’s speeches as the primary source of the analysis, the data collected by using simple random sampling Rakhmat, 1991: 79. There are two topics of her speeches, i.e. 1 Pakistan, Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. 2 Social Development and Women’s Empowerment. The first speeches is presented in San Francisco on January 22, 1999, consists of 12 pages and the second one presented in New Delhi on November 26, 2001, consist of 13 pages. Universitas Sumatera Utara 47 There are several stages to analysis the speech from experiential meaning processes, collected the speeches from the internet and apply the library research method that is by collecting some theories and information about experiential meaning process from books, thesis internet and other sources which support the writing.

3.3 Data Analysis Method

The data are analyzed by using descriptive quantitative method is used as proposed by Umar, 2003: 36-37 says: “penelitian kualitatif umumnya sulit diberi pembenaran nya secara matematik, ia lebih kepada penyampaian perasaan atau wawasan yang datanya diambil berdasarkan sampel. Walaupun demikian, penelitian kualitatif bisa menyediakan informasi penting yang kemudian bisa dijelajahi lebih lanjut melalui penelitian kuantitatif, penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data yang bukan dalam bentuk skala rasio, tetapi dalam bentuk skala yang lebih rendah yaitu skala nominal, ordinal ataupun interval yang kesemuaannya dapat dikategorikan, sehingga jelas apa yang akan disamakan dan dibedakan dari apa yang akan diperbandingkan dalam rangka menjawab permasalahan yang telah dirumuskan dalam penelitian”. Qualitative research is commonly hard to examine mathematically, it is focused on presenting feeling or knowledge of data took based on the samples. Even so, qualitative research can provide important information which could explore further through quantitative, it uses unsealed ratio, but in the lower ratio scale, they are: nominal scale, ordinal or all categorize interval, so, it is absolutely clear what will be the same and what will be different from those that are compared in answering the problems being proposed in the research. In order to gain the most frequent function type in the selected articles, the following formula from Nawawi 1991:127 will be used: N OO Y X = × 1 Universitas Sumatera Utara 48 Y: Total number of all data. N: Percentage of experiential function. X: Number of each of experiential function.

3.4 Data Analysis Procedures