One problem, which TPR method has related its special reliance on action Physical Response. For social reason, many adults and children, feel
Embarrassed marching around a room to do the teacher’s comments. For that,
the teacher is demanded to be creative. In the other hand, while the required action could be modified to lesson. So there is not much else a teacher can do
to remedy this situation. Adult become more accepting in time, especially after they see their teacher doing the same things that they have to do.
D. Grammar Translation Method
1. The Definition of Grammar Translation Method
Grammar translation method is a way of studying a language that approaches the language first through detailed analysis of its grammar rules,
followed by application of this knowledge to the task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language
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. The grammar translation method or classical method emerged when
people of the western world wanted to learn “foreign” languages such as Latin and Greek. Its focus was on grammatical rules, the memorization of
vocabulary and of various declensions and conjunctions, translation of text and doing writing exercises
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. The grammar translation method is also called the “traditional method”.
This does not mean that it is oldest method. It has been, and still extensively used. The term „traditional’ probably relates to the fact that this method is a
nearly perfect reflection of the way Latin and Greek has been taught for centuries
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.
44
Jack, C. Richards and Theodore S.Rodgers, Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching:A Description and Analysis. . . , p.5
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H. Douglas Brown, Teaching by Principles an Interactive Approach to Languge Pedagogy
…p.3
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Roger Bowers, Applied Linguistic and English Language Teaching, London: Macmillan Publishers, 1991, p. 147
2. Design of Grammar Translation Method
a. Language Objective
The objective f the Grammar Translation Method is learning a foreign language is a to be able to read literature written in the target language. To
do this, students need to learn about the grammar rules and vocabulary of the target language. In additional, it is believed that studying a foreign
language provides students with good mental exercise, which helps developed their minds
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. b.
The Syllabus The syllabus used in the Grammar Translation Method is based on
some aspect of the culture of the foreign language community. Grammar is taught deductively; that is they are given the grammar rules and examples,
they are told to memorize them, and then are asked to apply the rules to other examples. An explicit grammar rule is given. Students practice
vocabulary by translation and memorization
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. c.
The Learner’s Role The learner’s role in Grammar Translation Method is the students are
taught to translate from one language to another. They often translate readings in the target language about some aspect of the culture of the
foreign language community. Students study grammar deductively; that is, they are given the grammar rules and examples, are told to memorize
them, and then are asked to apply the rules to the other examples. They also learn grammatical paradigm such as verb conjugations. They
memorize native language equivalents for foreign language vocabulary. d.
The Teacher’s Role The teacher’s role is very traditional. The teacher is the authority in the
classroom; the students do as he says so they can learn what heshe knows.
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Diane Larsen, Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. . . p.11
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Diane Larsen, Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching . . . p.11
