2. Design of Grammar Translation Method
a. Language Objective
The objective f the Grammar Translation Method is learning a foreign language is a to be able to read literature written in the target language. To
do this, students need to learn about the grammar rules and vocabulary of the target language. In additional, it is believed that studying a foreign
language provides students with good mental exercise, which helps developed their minds
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. b.
The Syllabus The syllabus used in the Grammar Translation Method is based on
some aspect of the culture of the foreign language community. Grammar is taught deductively; that is they are given the grammar rules and examples,
they are told to memorize them, and then are asked to apply the rules to other examples. An explicit grammar rule is given. Students practice
vocabulary by translation and memorization
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. c.
The Learner’s Role The learner’s role in Grammar Translation Method is the students are
taught to translate from one language to another. They often translate readings in the target language about some aspect of the culture of the
foreign language community. Students study grammar deductively; that is, they are given the grammar rules and examples, are told to memorize
them, and then are asked to apply the rules to the other examples. They also learn grammatical paradigm such as verb conjugations. They
memorize native language equivalents for foreign language vocabulary. d.
The Teacher’s Role The teacher’s role is very traditional. The teacher is the authority in the
classroom; the students do as he says so they can learn what heshe knows.
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Diane Larsen, Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. . . p.11
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Diane Larsen, Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching . . . p.11
The teacher decides whether an answer is correct or not. If the answer incorrect, the teacher selects a different student to supply the correct
answer or the teacher herself give the correct answer
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.
3. Principles of Grammar Translation Method
Brown gives some principle of the Grammar Translation Method, they are: a classes are taught in the mother tongue, with little active use of the
target language, b much vocabulary is taught in the form of the lists of isolated words, c long elaborate explanations of the intricacies off grammar
are given, d grammar provides the rule for putting words together, and instruction often focuses on the form and inflection of words, e reading of
difficult classical texts is begun early, f little attentions is paid to the content of texts, which are treated as exercise in grammatical analysis
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.
4. Procedure of Grammar Translation Method
According to Mora that classes used of the Grammar Translation Method are taught in the student’s mother tongue, with little active use of the
target language. Vocabulary is taught in the form of isolated word lists. Elaborate explanations of grammar are always provided. Grammar instruction
provides the rule of putting words together; instruction often focuses on the form and inflection of words. Reading of difficult texts is begun early in the
course of study. Little attention is paid to the content of texts, which are treated as exercises in grammatical analysis. Often the only drills are
exercises in translating disconnected sentences from the target language into the mother tongue, and versa. Little or no attention is given to
pronunciation
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.
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Diane Larsen, Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching . . . p.10
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Diane Larsen, Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching . . . p.4
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Jill Kerper Mora, Second Language-Teaching Methods, Principles Procedures,San Diego State University: 1998http:coe.sdsu.edupeoplejmoraALMMethods.htm
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