89
programs and activities Environmental
Management Board Formulating and implementing
local policy on environmental issue
through: formulating
technical policy,
providing assistance
on technology
development and environmental control, supervision and other
task related to environmental issue.
Formulate environmental improvement program
Conduct monitoring on industrial and community
activities that have potential to harm the environment as
well as reduce the quality of environment.
Support the utilization of environmental friendly
technology
Health Agency
Conducting local government policy and program in health
sector base
on authonomy
principles through:policy
formulation and
program implementation as well as other
health program
such as
community health
service, prevent, protect and promote
community and family health. Fomulate community health
policy and program Contribute to climate change
issue especially on health promotion program
Developing emergency unit Developing mobile health
center to bring health center closer to community.
Human resources improvement program
Water Resouce Management and
Energy and Mineral Resource Agency
Implementing local government program in water and mineral
management sector such as formulating and implementung
water and mineral management, public
service as
well as
environmental friendly
technology. Formulating monitoring and
evaluation of water resources management
program
Fire Protection Agency
In charge in disaster management and conduct government program
on technical
assistance, operational and maintenance of
disaster. Formulating and
implementing disaster management programs
Formulating and implementing disaster
management programs so that community would be
more responsive to disaster issues.
Assist building owner about disaster issues.
Non Govermental organisation
Bintari Bina
Karta Lestari
Foundation
Bintari is an NGO that has concern to protect environment
and support
sustainable development especially in solid
and liquid waste and clean production,
environment education, and land conservation
Waste management Partnership for environment
education Coastal management
University
Universitas Negeri Semarang UNES
Developing partnership with local government to conduct
Conducting research and policy analysis on solid
90 research and development on
climate change related issue Providing community services
Increasing education for community
waste management and environmental education
Unika Sugiyapranata,
Developing partnership with local government to conduct
research and development on climate change related issue
Providing community services Increasing education for
community
Conducting research on housing and settlement
issues; Promoting sustainable and
environmentally friendly building design
University of
Diponegoro, Urban and City
Planning Research Institute
Developing partnership with local government to conduct
research and development on climate change related issue
Providing community services Increasing education for
community
Conducting research and policy analysis on climate
change resilience planning Conducting research on
sectoral issues of climate change
SwastaDunia Usaha
PT Aqua Farm
Conducting environmental friendly activities
Conducting environment improvement programs both
as part of corporate social responsibility and its interest
on environmental protection Using environment friendly
technology Conducting environment
improvement programs both as part of corporate social
responsibility and its interest on environmental protection
PT. Djarum Peduli Lingkungan
Conducting environment improvement programs both
as part of corporate social responsibility and its interest
on environmental protection Conducting environment
improvement programs both as part of corporate social
responsibility and its interest on environmental protection
The management of climate change sector in City of Semarang involved stakeholder both from internal and external of the city. Each stakeholder has their own roles and
contribution to adapt and strengthen community to climate change. This partnership is a pre-condition to create community that has capacity to adapt to climate change.
But in fact, local government of Semarang plays the major roles in climate change both for financial support and implementing program. However, the role of
provincial government claims not too significant but have more roles in coordinating programs and policy from some cities. In addition, program and activities that related
to climate change is going partially with limited coordination among stakeholders.
However, it is found that local NGO’s also actively contribute to programs and activity to improve environmental condition of the city. The partnership between
91 NGO’s and local government also give quiet significant contribution to the
improvement of environment quality. In addition, donor agencies also play significant role to protect city of Semarang from flood and rob that often hit the city.
This indicates that City of Semarang is among the city that has concerns to climate change issues and eager to strengthen community to adapt to climate change.
7.2 Assessment of effectiveness of current initiatives and
programs short and long term cope with future climate risks
Longterm and Medium Term Development Planning
The planning process at local level are strongly influenced by existing national laws and regulations, it is therefore important to briefly look into the laws and regulations.
Law No. 172003 on State Finance regulates stages in the district-level budgeting process. It said that district budget should be based on District Annual Work Plan
RKPD.
Law No. 252004 on the National Development Planning System primarily provides the legal basis for the interconnected planning system which includes long-term,
medium-term and annual development plans, at the national as well as at the local levels, sectoral per departmentministry at the national level and per SKPD at the
local level. The main aim of this development planning system is to ensure that all development efforts in the country are conducted efficiently, effectively and leading
toward the realization of stated development targets. The law also affirms that the Government Work Plan at the national level and the Local Government Work Plan
RKPD should respectively become the reference for the national annual budget and local budget.
Law No. 322005 on Local Government has the intention to integrate planning and budgeting processes into one low. This law reaffirms the various types of
development plans, which include long term plan with a 20 year period, medium term with a 5-year period and the annual plan RKPD.
The connection between Law No. 172003, Law 252004 and Law 322004 can be theoretically illustrated in the Figure 7.1.
92
Figure 7.1:
Integrated System of Planning and Budgeting at National and RegionalLocal Levels
Beside those local development planning and budgeting laws, there are other laws related with spatial management and disaster management which should also to
be considered in climate change adaptation planning. Law No. 242007 on Disaster Management regulates steps need to be taken in
disaster management including pre-disaster, emergency response and post-disaster management. The main substances of Law 242007 are consisting these following
aspects: i roles and responsibilities of national and regionallocal government in each disaster management stages; ii institutionalization at national and
regionallocal level in disaster management, iii the right of community in disaster management, iv the involvement of international organization and business sector,
v controlling mechanism on disaster management, vi sanction mechanism.
Law No. 262007 on Spatial Planning provides policy and strategy to integrate the use of natural resources and man-made resources as well as to protect spatial
function and negative impacts on natural environment. The implementation strategy of spatial planning consist of: i application of consistent zoning regulation as part
of detail spatial plan, ii systemic spatial utilization control mechanism through zoning regulation, permit system, incentive and disincentive;, iii consistent law
enforcement.
On the Semarang City Long Term Development Plan 2005-2025, it is stated the long term vision to achieve Semarang City as Religious Metropolitan which based on
trade and services. One of the mission is to achieve and develop sustainable infrastructure and regional development. The Semarang City government put the
emphasis on the importance of mitigation efforts on natural disaster which considered geological condition of Semarang City. Some initiatives could be done to
develop the capacity of community in response to natural hazard such as application of early warning system and information dissemination on hazard risk. It is also
needed to identify and to map the vulnerable areas of natural disaster in the city. This will provide valuable benefit to the community and protect their assets.
93 On the Semarang City Medium Term Development Plan 2005-2010 which has
stipulated on local regulation no. 04 of year 2005, it is stated the mid-term vision which is to achieve Semarang as Religious Metropolitan City based on trade and
services. This vision is quite similar with the long term vision. To achive its vision, there are at least 6 six missions as follows:
• To develop religious human resources through improving their belief,
education, community health level especially health access to the poor and the capacity on science and technology;
• To strengthen the implementation of local autonomy and good governance
through improving good quality of public services, financial self reliance, local apparatus profesionalism which supported by technology-based
government infrastructure;
• To stabilize democratic political, social and cultural situations and to
strengthen conducive safe and order through law enforcement, safe culture and human right;
• To improve city economic performance which integrated with economy
actors based on trade and services, investment climate and strengthening local, regional and international economic cooperation;
• To provide social protection through managing the people whose problem
with social welfare, street children, beggars and homeless, disaster victims, etc;
• To achieve the consisten spatial planning implementation in order to achieve
optimum spatial pattern and structure supported by effective and efficient infrastructer development and sustainable natural resources.
In relation with disaster management, Semarang City Government has formulated Local Action Plan on Disaster Management 2008-2012. This document is a guidance
for mitigation efforts on disaster within the next five years. The action plan consist of a set of programs and activities from all stakeholders and their responsibilities. There
is also government priority and strategy to reduce natural hazard and to develop the readiness and community resilience in response to disaster risks.
Problems on Planning and Programming
Eventhough there are some documents on development planning, spatial planning and disaster management, but there are some related problems wih planning and
programming facing by local government in Semarang. These problems are:
•
Lack of integration, coordination and vision-mission in climate change management.
Climate change management considers as new concept and not fully understand by all stakeholders at the local level. The concept of climate change management,
including mitigation and adaptation, are not familiar and well understand by the stakeholders. In addition, both local governments also yet have and issued special
policy or program that related to climate change for both middle term 5 year plan and long term 20 year plan.
