Assessment of effectiveness of current initiatives and
93 On the Semarang City Medium Term Development Plan 2005-2010 which has
stipulated on local regulation no. 04 of year 2005, it is stated the mid-term vision which is to achieve Semarang as Religious Metropolitan City based on trade and
services. This vision is quite similar with the long term vision. To achive its vision, there are at least 6 six missions as follows:
• To develop religious human resources through improving their belief,
education, community health level especially health access to the poor and the capacity on science and technology;
• To strengthen the implementation of local autonomy and good governance
through improving good quality of public services, financial self reliance, local apparatus profesionalism which supported by technology-based
government infrastructure;
• To stabilize democratic political, social and cultural situations and to
strengthen conducive safe and order through law enforcement, safe culture and human right;
• To improve city economic performance which integrated with economy
actors based on trade and services, investment climate and strengthening local, regional and international economic cooperation;
• To provide social protection through managing the people whose problem
with social welfare, street children, beggars and homeless, disaster victims, etc;
• To achieve the consisten spatial planning implementation in order to achieve
optimum spatial pattern and structure supported by effective and efficient infrastructer development and sustainable natural resources.
In relation with disaster management, Semarang City Government has formulated Local Action Plan on Disaster Management 2008-2012. This document is a guidance
for mitigation efforts on disaster within the next five years. The action plan consist of a set of programs and activities from all stakeholders and their responsibilities. There
is also government priority and strategy to reduce natural hazard and to develop the readiness and community resilience in response to disaster risks.
Problems on Planning and Programming
Eventhough there are some documents on development planning, spatial planning and disaster management, but there are some related problems wih planning and
programming facing by local government in Semarang. These problems are:
•
Lack of integration, coordination and vision-mission in climate change management.
Climate change management considers as new concept and not fully understand by all stakeholders at the local level. The concept of climate change management,
including mitigation and adaptation, are not familiar and well understand by the stakeholders. In addition, both local governments also yet have and issued special
policy or program that related to climate change for both middle term 5 year plan and long term 20 year plan.
94 •
Lack of budget allocation to support climate change
Climate change program and activity are part of environmental planning in general. It indicates that the local government concerns on environmental issues is still low,
as reflect from the minimum budget allocation for local government agency which in charge with environmental issue.
•
Ineffective spatial planning to mitigate and adapt the impact of climate change.
Currently, city spatial planning of Semarang is under revision to make it line with Law no. 262007 about spatial planning. However, the effectiveness of city spatial
planning in term of mitigation and adaptation of the impact of climate change needs to increase gradually. Some problems that potentially cause the difficulty to
implement spatial planning are include inconsistency the implementation of spatial planning, land use change such as areas along the river and others.
•
No formal board or institution that formed to address local disaster.
According to law no. 242007, it is a condition for the city to have Local Disaster Board. However, until now, both cities still do not have the particular board. The
field survey indicate that both cities are in processing the development of the particular board and it is hoped that in early year 2010 the cities will have local
disaster board.
Programs and Activities that related with Climate Change
a. Programs and activities from local budget
Climate change involves various sector and activities. The assessment of climate change program and initiatives at local level is based on sectoral data. As one of the
cities that potentially face problems due to climate change, city of Semarang has been implemented several programs that indirectly related to climate change.
However, generally all of the programs were created as response to address problems that the city face. It happens because the concept of climate change is not yet adopted
in local government policy concept and program. But it did not mean that the programs were not reflected to local government concern on environment protection
and improvement. One of the main obstacles in implementing the programs were lack of coordination among sectors which led to minimum impact of the program to
environment as well as community as beneficeries.
95 Table 7.3: Allocation of budget in each sector for implementing Climate Change
related program
Sector Budget Related to CI
2006 2007
2008
Health 20
41 6
Public Work 20
26 37
Housing 30
Development Planning 1
20 Environment
87 35
15 Agriculture
7 22
Forestry 100
Fishery 9
9 49
Spatial Planning 23
In term of budget, the allocation of budget of each sectors still very low. Even worse, the amount environmental budget was decrease significantly from 87 percent in 2006
into 15 percent in 2008. Similar condition also found that overall budget, even each year budget for program that related to climate change increased but the budget was
not enough to solve city problems. As seen in table 7-3 and 7-4, in last three years, local government only allocate 5-6 percent of its budget for program that related to
climate change. In additon, the programs were more to address the problems rather than to adapt or mitigate climate change.
Table 7.4:Budget Percentage Related to CC in Semarang City
2006 2007
2008 Total LG Budget in IDR Billion
927.3 1.127
1.325
Budget Related to CC in IDR Billion
48 64
72
Percentage 5
6 5
It indicates that climate change issues is not yet integrated into local government priority and program. It understands because climate change issue was not clearly
stated in local development planning. However, the Semarang City should give more attention to put climate change as strategic development issue in the future.
b.
Central government program
Central government has also contributed to environmental improvement in Semarang. One of national related program is a National Movement of
Rehabilitation of Land and Forestry. This movement was started in 2007 with the activities are as following: community forestry, city greening, bio-pore and others.
In order to reduce flood and rob problems, there are on going projects supported by central government and international agencies like JICA and The Netherlands
government.
In cooperation with the government Netherland through Hoogheemraadschap van Sceieland en de Krimpenerwaard HHSK, city of Semarang develops Banger Pilot
96 Polder. The project was planned in year 2000 and will be implemented in 2010. The
investment value of the project is US 3.3 million for phase I, US 260.000 for phase II, US 960.000 for phase III, US 10 million, US 140.000 for phase IV, US
550 million for phase V, and US 620.000 for phase VI. All of the budget comes from The Netherland Government and Indonesian Government.
Then, to solve flood and robs problems, local government also get assistance from Japan Bank for International Cooperation JBIC about IDR 1.7 Trillion USD 188
Million to normalize Kali Asin, Kali Semarang and Kali Baru. It is expected that project will be completed in 2013.
In addition, some other program also implemented in the city such like PNPM Urban, NUSSP, Natural Resource Management Program and others. The city
government also assisted by Central Java Province implement programs to strengthen community, especially poor people to anticipate climate change.