Lessons Learned from the Communities

105 1. Replicability 2. Addressing current and future risks 3. Benefit to local community 4. Innovation 5. Collaboration 6. Scalability 7. Sustainability Strategy There are some additional criteria that should be conducted by the implementer of pilot project: • Implementation of pilot project has to be related to the local problems at local administrative or cross border administrative communities on issues of environment, health, education, social, economy in which related to the impact of climate change. • Implementation of pilot project directed for adaptation and response effort activities to the impact of climate change, such as: erosion, flooding, drought, landslide, and etc. There 4 selected pilot projects of Asian Cities Climate Change Program ACCCRN as contributin of development goals and addressing climate change impacts in Semarang: 1 Land Arrangement Models In Sub District of Sukorejo, City of Semarang by State University of Semarang 2. Micro Finance Program: Community Based Revolving Fund for Improving Sanitation in Sub District of Kemijen, City of Semarang by Perkumpulan Perdikan Local NGO 3. Coastal Community Adaptation In Tapak Tugurejo As Resilience Community Coping Climate Change by BINTARI Local NGO 4. Adaptation to Cope Climate Change Impacts Landslide and Cyclone in Sub District of Tandang, City of Semarang by Centre of Planning and Public Participation Pilot projects are necessary to help local government to better understand how climate change will impact communities and sectors, how current capacity has to be strengthened and spatial plan to be improved to form climate change-resilience city and how to use the good lesson learnt from pilots in designing long term policies and strategies to address climate change. For further explanation, see detail Table 8.1 of pilot project summary. 106

8.4 Adaptation and Resilience

The following table Table 8.2 attempts to categorize how the abovementioned adaptations may be understood i as contributing to resilience, and ii by reducing the impact of climate events by facilitating disaster preparedness and disaster response. It is in this way that adaptation strategies can build resilience, by preparing in advance they can help reduce risk and or facilitate a response that allows them to bounce back and recover. Constraints and opportunities to strengthen adaptive capacity: Below is detailed an analysis on what the existing factors that adaptation depends upon, what are the constraints that may exist that limits it occurring and what are the opportunities that currently exist in the studied communities that can provide a basis for further progress in building resilience. What are the factors upon which adaptation may depend upon? Money Lack of access to capital may limit capacity to make investments. Capacity levels Lack of ability to adapt to different conditions. Understanding Necessary to learn about adaptations and threats and how to respond. Access to information Information can empower by giving tools to access knowledge and resources. Collaboration and engagement w local government Marginalization from decision-making can exclude from access to information, resources and tools necessary to adapt effectively to different conditions. Migration and growth rates Overburdened capacity can limit the ability to be flexible and cope with change effectively. Public service delivery Ability to develop can hinder or stimulate development and adaptation. Mobility Physical access to resources, information and tools depends upon physical access. What are the constraints to developing adaptive strategies? Information Urban poor communities have less access to information so are not as informed about changes and opportunities in their environment. Access political, economic and physical Disadvantaged communities often suffer from isolation, physical, economic and political, which reduces their opportunities Capital both from local population and local government With adequate resources vulnerability can be greatly reduced and open up many possibilities for adaptation. Lack of local investment by government and by the population hinders the development of alternatives. Community collaboration Lack of community collaboration and cohesion can undermine collective processes and projects, and can diminish the voice that a community has in making claims.