Kepastian Hak Kepemilikan Terhadap Sumber Daya Hutan
✯ ✰✱
✲✳✴ ✵✶
y
✵✷✸ ✹ ✺✻ ✶✺✲ ✺✷✼
✳ ✷✸ ✵✷
✵✼✵ ✽
✼✺✻✾ ✳✹ ✵✼✿
❀ ✳ ❁ ✵❂ ✲
✳ ✷✸ ✳ ✼
✽ ❃ ❂ ✺✻✺✶✵
❂ ✺❂ ✹
✵✼✵❁ ✳
✻✽ ✵✷✸ ✸
✺✻✵✶ ❁ ✺✼
✳ ✵✲ ✲
✳✴ ✵✶
y
✵ ✷ ✸
✹ ✺✻✲✺✻✳ ✾✵✶
✽ ✼
✳ ❄ ✵✶ ❂✵
✽ ✼
✽ ✻
✽ ✼ ✹ ✺✻ ✼✵✷
✸ ✸✽ ✷
✸ ❅✵
w
✵ ✹
✼✺✻ ✴
✵❄✵✲ ✶ ✺✾✺❁
✼✵✻✳ ✵✷ ❁
✽ ❂✹ ✺✻ ❄ ✵
y
✵ ✴ ✽ ✼✵✷ ✿
❆ ✵✾
✳ ✷✳ ✹
✺✻✵✻ ✼ ✳
✲✽ ✾ ✵ ❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻✵✶ ✵✼ ✾
❇ ✶✵✾
❄ ✺❁ ✵
❈ ✵❂
✹ ✵✷
❉ ✳✸ ✵✼✵✾
✼✺✾✵ ✴
❂ ✺✷✺✻ ✵✲✶ ✵✷ ✴
✵✶ ❄ ✵✷
✶✺
w
✵❅ ✳✹ ✵✷
✲✺❂✳ ✾ ✳ ✶✵✷
❁ ✽
❂ ✹
✺✻ ❄✵
y
✵❃ ❁
✺❁ ✽
✵ ✳
❄ ✺✷ ✸
✵✷ ✼✺
❇ ✻
✳ ✴
✵✶ ✲✺❂✳ ✾
✳ ✶✵✷
y
✵✷✸ ❄
✳ ✶✺❂✽ ✶ ✵✶ ✵✷ ❇
✾✺ ✴
❆ ✵✷ ✷✵
✺✼ ✵✾✿
✯✱ ✱ ❊ ❃
y
✵ ✳ ✼
✽ ✲ ✺❂
✳ ✾ ✳ ✶
❁ ✽
❂ ✹
✺✻❄✵
y
✵ ✹ ✺ ✻❁
✳❋ ✵✼ ✶
❇ ✾✺✶✼
✳❋ ❄ ✺✷
✸ ✵✷
✴ ✵✶ ❂✺✷✸ ✺✾
✽ ✵
✻ ✶✵✷
y
✵✷ ✸
✹✽ ✶✵✷
✲ ✺❂ ✳ ✾
✳ ✶ ❁ ✺✻✼✵
❄ ✺✷ ✸
✵✷ ✶ ✺
w
✵❅ ✳✹ ✵✷
❂ ✺✾✵✶ ✽
✶✵✷ ✲✺❂ ✺✾
✳✴ ✵✻ ✵✵✷ ❄✵✷
❂✺❂✹ ✵✼✵❁ ✳
✼ ✳ ✷
✸ ✶✵✼
✲ ✺✷ ✸ ✸✽
✷✵✵✷ ✿ ●
✺✷✸ ✵ ❍
✽ ✲ ✵❄✵
✲ ✺✷❄ ✵✲ ✵✼ ❉
❍ ✴ ✾✵
✸ ✺✻
❄ ✵✷ ■
❁ ✼✻ ❇
❂ ✯✱ ✱
❏ ❂ ✵❁
❑ ✵ ✻✵✶ ✵
✼ ✶
❇ ❂
✽ ✷
✳ ✼✵❁ ▲
✾ ❇
✶ ✵✾ ❄ ✺❁ ✵
❈ ✵❂
✹ ✵✷
❉ ✳✸
✵✼✵✾ ✲ ✵❄✵
✲ ✺✻ ✳
❇ ❄✺
✳ ✷ ✳
❂ ✺✻ ✽ ✲ ✵✶ ✵✷
✲ ✺❂ ✳ ✾
✳ ✶
owner
❁ ✽ ❂✹ ✺✻
❄ ✵
y
✵ ✴ ✽
✼✵✷❃ ✶ ✵✻✺✷✵
❂ ✺✻✺✶ ✵ ❄ ✵✲✵ ✼
❂ ✺✷ ✸
✵✶❁ ✺❁ ❄ ✵✷
❂ ✺❂✵✷❋ ✵✵✼✶ ✵✷ ❁
✽ ❂
✹ ✺
✻ ❄✵
y
✵ ✴ ✽ ✼ ✵✷❃
❂ ✺✷ ✸ ✺✾
❇ ✾✵✷
y
✵ ❁ ✺
❍ ✵✻
✵ ✹ ✺✻❁ ✵❂ ✵
❄✵✷ ❂ ✺✷
✸ ✺✾
✽ ✵✻ ✶✵✷ ✲✳✴ ✵ ✶▼ ✲
✳✴ ✵✶
y
✵✷✸ ✹ ✽ ✶ ✵✷
✲✺❂✳ ✾ ✳ ✶
❁ ✺✻✼✵ ❄✵✲ ✵✼
❂ ✺❂ ✳ ✷ ❄✵
✴ ✼✵✷
✸ ✵✷✶ ✵✷
✴ ✵✶ ✶✺✲ ✺❂✳✾
✳ ✶ ✵✷✷
y
✵✿ ◆
✺✻ ✳
❇ ❄✺
✳ ✷ ✳
❄ ✵✲✵✼ ❄✳ ✶✵✼✵✶ ✵✷
✹ ✵
✴
w
✵ ✳ ✷❁ ✼
✳ ✼ ✽
❁ ✳
y
✵✷ ✸
❄✳ ❅✵✾✵✷✶ ✵✷ ❇
✾✺ ✴
❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻ ✵✶✵✼ ❄✺✷✸ ✵✷
✲ ✺✷ ✸
✵✼ ✽
✻ ✵ ✷
❇ ✾✺
✴ ✾✺❂
✹ ✵
✸ ✵ ✵❄ ✵✼
❂✺✷ ❅✵❄ ✳ ✶ ✵✷
✶ ❇
✷❄✳ ❁ ✳
✳ ✷❁ ✼ ✳ ✼
✽ ❁
✳
y
✵✷✸ ✹ ✵
✳ ✶✿ ◆
✺✷ ✺✻✵✲ ✵✷ ✵✼
✽ ✻✵✷
✶✺✲ ✺❂✳ ✾ ✳ ✶✵✷
❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻ ✵✶✵✼❃ ✲ ✺✷✺✻ ✵✲✵✷
✲ ✺❂ ✵✷ ❋
✵✵✼✵ ✷
❁ ✽
❂ ✹
✺ ✻
❄✵
y
✵ ✴ ✽ ✼✵✷ ❃
❄ ✵✷ ✲✺✷ ✺✻✵✲ ✵✷
❁ ✵✷✸ ❁ ✳
y
✵✷✸ ❄✳ ❅✵✾✵✷✶ ✵✷
❂ ✺✷❅✵❄✳ ✶✵✷ ✶
❇ ✷ ❄
✳ ❁ ✳
❁ ✽
❂ ✹
✺ ✻
❄✵
y
✵ ❄ ✵✲ ✵✼
✼✺✻❅✵ ✸
✵ ❄✺✷✸ ✵✷
✹ ✵ ✳ ✶ ✿
❖ ✷
✳ ❄✳✹✽
✶✼ ✳ ✶ ✵
✷ ❄ ✺
✷✸ ✵✷ ✵❄ ✵✷
y
✵ ❂ ✵❁
y
✵ ✻✵✶ ✵✼
y
✵✷✸ ❄✳✹ ✺✻✳ ✶✵✷
❁ ✵✷✸ ❁ ✳
❇ ✾✺
✴ ✵❄✵✼
✲✵❄ ✵
✲✺ ✻ ✳
❇ ❄ ✺
✼✺✻ ❁ ✺✹✽
✼ ❄✵✷
❂ ✵❁ ✳✴
✼✺✻ ❁ ✺❄✳ ✵✷
y
✵ ✴✽
✼✵✷ ✸ ✽✸ ✽ ✶
✾✵✻✵✷✸ ✵✷ ❄ ✺✷
✸ ✵✷
✶ ❇
✷❄✳ ❁ ✳
v
✺ ✸ ✺✼✵❁
✳
y
✵✷✸ ❂ ✵❁
✳✴ ✹ ✵
✳ ✶ ✾✵❂ ✲
✳ ✻✵✷ P
✿ ◆
✺✻✳ ❇
❄ ✺ ✯ ✱ ✱ ◗
❁ ✵❂ ✲✵
✳ ❏
✰ ✰◗ ❃ ✹ ✺✻✹ ✵
✸ ✵
✳ ✶✺
✹ ✳ ❅✵✶ ✵✷ ✲ ✺❂✺✻✳ ✷✼✵
✴ ✲ ✵❄ ✵
✲✺✻✳ ❇
❄ ✺ ✳ ✷✳
❍ ✺✷❄ ✺✻
✽ ✷
✸ ❂ ✺✷
✸ ✽✹ ✵
✴ ✶✵✻✵✶ ✼✺✻
✲✺❂✳ ✾ ✳ ✶✵✷
❁ ✽
❂ ✹ ✺✻
❄ ✵
y
✵ ✴✽
✼✵✷ ❀✺❁ ✵
❈ ✵❂✹
✵✷ ❉
✳✸ ✵✼✵✾✿ ●
✺✷✸ ✵
❍ ✽
✲ ✵❄✵ ✲ ✺✷❄ ✵✲✵✼
❆ ✵✷ ✷✵
✺✼ ✵✾✿
✯✱ ✱ ❊
❁ ✽ ❂✹ ✺✻
❄ ✵
y
✵ ✴✽
✼✵✷ ❈
✵❂✹ ✵✷ ❉
✳✸ ✵✼✵✾ ✵❄ ✵✾✵
✴ ❁
✽ ❂
✹ ✺✻
❄ ✵
y
✵
y
✵✷✸ ❄
✳ ✶✽ ✵❁ ✵ ✳
❇ ✾✺
✴ ❘
✺ ✸ ✵ ✻✵
state property y
✵✷ ✸
❄✳ ❁ ✺✻ ✵
✴ ✶ ✵✷ ✲ ✺✷
✸ ✺✾
❇ ✾✵✵✷ ✷
y
✵ ✶✺✲ ✵❄ ✵
✲ ✺✻ ✽
❁ ✵ ✴ ✵✵✷
private property
✿ ◆
✵❄✵ ❁
✳ ❁ ✳
❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻ ✵✶✵✼❃ ❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻ ✵✶✵✼ ❁ ✺
❍ ✵✻ ✵
de jure
✾ ✺ ✸ ✵✾
✼ ✳ ❄ ✵✶
❄✵✲ ✵✼ ✾✵
✸ ✳ ❂ ✺✷❄ ✵✲✵ ✼
✵✾ ✳ ✻✵✷
❂ ✵✷ ❋ ✵✵✼
y
✵ ✷ ✸
✹ ✺✻ ❁ ✽
❂ ✹
✺✻ ❄ ✵✻
✳ ❁
✽ ❂
✹ ✺✻
❄ ✵
y
✵ ✴ ✽ ✼✵✷ ✿
❙ ✺✼✵✲✳ ❁ ✺
❍ ✵ ✻✵
de facto
❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻ ✵✶✵✼ ❂ ✵❁
✳ ✴
❄ ✵ ✲ ✵✼
❂ ✺❂✲ ✺✻ ❇
✾✺ ✴
✵✾ ✳ ✻✵✷
❂✵✷❋ ✵✵✼ ❁
✽ ❂✹ ✺✻ ❄✵
y
✵ ✴ ✽ ✼✵✷
✼✺✻❁ ✺ ✹ ✽ ✼
✹ ✺✻
✽ ✲✵
✴ ✵❁ ✳ ✾
✴ ✽ ✼✵✷
y
✵✷✸ ✹✽
✶✵✷ ✶ ✵
y
✽ ✿ ❚ ❇
✷ ❄✳ ❁ ✳
✳ ✷ ✳
❂✺✷
y
✺ ✹
✵ ✹ ✶
✵✷ ✵✲ ✵
✹✳ ✾✵ ❂ ✵❁
y
✵✻ ✵✶✵✼ ❂ ✺❂✵✷❋ ✵✵✼✶ ✵✷
✴ ✵❁
✳ ✾ ✴✽
✼✵✷ ✶ ✵
y
✽ ❄ ✵✷
❂ ✺❂✵✷❋ ✵✵✼✶ ✵✷ ✾✵
✴ ✵✷
❂✺✷ ❅✵❄ ✳
❁ ✺❁ ✽ ✵✼
✽
y
✵✷✸ ❄
✳ ✾✵✻ ✵✷ ✸
✵✼✵ ✽
✳ ✾✾✺ ✸ ✵✾✿
❆ ✵✾
✳ ✷ ✳
✹ ✺✻ ✵✻✼ ✳
✲ ✺❂✺✻✳ ✷✼✵ ✴
❃ ❁ ✺
✹ ✵
✸ ✵
✳ ✲✳✴ ✵✶
✲ ✺✷ ✸
✺✾ ❇
✾✵ ✴✽
✼✵✷❃ ✼
✳ ❄✵✶ ❂✺❂✳ ✾
✳✶✳ ✶ ✺❂✵❂ ✲
✽ ✵✷
✽ ✷ ✼ ✽ ✶
❂ ✺✷ ✸
✺✾ ✽ ✵✻ ✶✵✷
✲✳✴ ✵✶ ▼✲
✳✴ ✵✶
❄✳ ✾ ✽ ✵✻
✲ ✺✻ ✽
❁ ✵ ✴ ✵✵✷
y
✵✷✸ ❂ ✺✻
✽ ✲ ✵✶✵✷ ✲✳✴ ✵✶
y
✵✷ ✸
❄✳ ✹
✺✻ ✳ ✶ ✵✷
✴ ✵✶
❄ ✵✷ ✼✵✷
✸ ✸✽ ✷
✸ ❅✵
w
✵ ✹