Everyday Ways In 1892:

In the U.S. they are having one of those frequent conflicts between the sheep ranchers and the cattle ranchers. In this case the cattle-rustlers and vigilante groups explode into a cattle war in Johnson County, Wyoming. Also in the U.S., everybody is busy trying to build cars. The first successful gas-powered car with a 4-cycle water-cooled engine, is made by Charles and Franklin Duryea and a guy named Henry Ford* (1863-1947), builds his first automobile in his spare time. This will come to be a full time job for him. Telephone service between Chicago and New York starts. Meanwhile, one of those capitalist industrialists, John D. Rockefeller*, gives a bunch of money to found the University of Chicago. It is coeducational, progressive and has a really top notch faculty. It will become a leader in American education and science.

General Electric Company is founded this year, as is Coca-Cola, and, on the non-commercial end of things, the First Church of Christ, Scientist, is started by Mary Baker Eddy* in Boston.

On the popular sports scene, the first prizefight with padded gloves and the Marquis of Queensbury rules is held in New Orleans in which "Gentleman Jim" Carbett knocks out "The Great John L." Sullivan. The popular song scene features A Bicycle Built For Two (Daisy Bell), After The Ball Is Over, and The Bowery. Tin Pan Alley* (in New York City) is busy cranking out songs for sheet music, player pianos and the victrola.

There are a number of bitter strikes this year, including one of the worst disputes in U.S. labor history, when steelworkers at a Carnegie mill in Homestead, PA, demand union recognition. The company (run by Henry Clay Fick* who has strong anti-union policies) calls in 300 Pinkerton guards to suppress the strike. An armed battle follows and the National Guard is called in. The whole mess lasts for three months, until the strike is broken and the workers have to go back to their 12 hours shifts. That anarchist*, Alexander Berkman*, tries to kill Fick* and gets thrown in prison for the next 14 years.

The chief immigration station becomes Ellis Island* in the Upper Bay of New York Harbor. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes* by Arthur Conan Doyle*, is the first Holmes story

widely read in America. Rudyard Kipling* comes out with his Barrack Room Ballads* (including "Gunga Din", "If", and "The Road to Mandalay"). The forerunner of the comic strip is coming out in the cartoons of bears and tigers by Jimmy Swinnerton in the San Francisco Examiner.

Paul Gauguin* (1848-1903), is busy painting, as are Jean Villard* and Henri de Toulouse- Lautrec* (At the Moulin Rouge). In classical music we get Pagliacci *, by Ruggiero Leoncavallo, The Nutcracker Suite*, by Petr Illich Tchaikovsky*, and Te Deum, by Anton Dvorak*.

1892 This year the German colony of South West Africa sets up its capital at Windhoek. (The Germans also have a West Africa colony, the Cameroons, in what is now divided between Cameroon and Nigeria.)

Everyday Ways In 1892: