Style of Fronting Passive and Active Styles

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6. Style of Fronting

In the original source language text, indication of fronting style was found inside one of the paragraphs. Ghazala 1995 noted that “fronting is used not only at the sentence level, but also at the text level” p. 232. Here is the example of style of fronting problems. Original Source Language Text 3 Paper 6 4 The underlined words were moved from their back positions at the end of sentences to the fronted position at the beginning. According to Ghazala 1995, by doing that kind of fronting style, it gave a stronger emphasis to the fronted words p. 232. It meant that the sentence For many people the term ‘gender’ invokes specific issues had the stronger emphasis on for many people rather than the sentence The term ‘gender’ invokes specific issues for many people. The researcher found out that each of the students who worked on the original source language text did not find any problems regarding the style of fronting. The students were quite aware that the style is indeed used to emphasize something important, that eventually they translated it by following the For many people the term ‘gender’ invokes specific issues. Some think of gender as being about women only. Others consider it to be related to reproductive health matters, of gender-based violence. Bagi kebanyakan masyarakat, istilah jantina menimbulkan hal-hal khusus. Beberapa berpikir bahwa jantina terkait pada permasalahan menjadi wanita saja. Lainnya menganggap hal ini terkait pada masalah kesehatan reproduksi, atau kekerasan berdasarkan jenis kelamin. 54 grammatical structure.

7. Passive and Active Styles

There were some certain intention why an author of a text used either passive or active style in the sentences. As Ghazala 1995 explains, “passive and active are two contrastive forms and styles, they have different functions” p. 246. Again, despite the presences of the active and passive styles in the original source language text, the researcher did not find any serious problems in the way students do the translation work. Here is the example of passive and active styles problems. Original Source Language Text 3 Paper 10 4 5 This sentence is complex as it contained an indication of a passive sentence. Again, as Ghazala 1995 states previously, both passive and active styles had different functions. The underlined phrase their enjoyment of rights, opportunities, and life chances was put or is fronted in the clause because the author of the text focused and put a more emphasis on it. The sentence would have the same meaning if the clause is formed into active style, which would be whether they were born male or female does not govern or limit their enjoyment of rights, opportunities, and life chances. At first sight, the two Equality does not mean that men and women are the same but that their enjoyment of rights, opportunities, and life chances are not governed or limited by whether they were born male or female. Persamaan hak bukan berarti bahwa pria dan wanita adalah sama tapi hak memperoleh kebahagiaan, peluang, dan kesempatan untuk hidup mereka tidak ditentukan dan dibatasi dengan jenis kelamin mereka saat mereka dilahirkan. 55 sentences had the same meaning. However, the author wanted to focus on the phrase their enjoyment of rights, opportunities, and life chances, and then he or she put it on the front side of the sentence. As there were no problems in confronting with this kind of stylistic translation problem, Ghazala 1995 states that “the students of translation are recommended to insist on using the same active or passive style of the English original” p. 248. It meant that students did not need to be bothered with whether the sentences were formed actively or passively. All the students had to do was merely use the same style of the original sentences because they had already been included the functions.

B. Methods that the Students Tend to Use During the Translating Process