Conversational Dominance Women’s and Men’s Speech Features Used by Angelina Jolie

67 the leader and order people around her. There were three features that were dominant in Angelina‟s utterances, namely direct and assertive, instrumentality, and status and control. From this result, the researcher was able to compare the men‟s see Table 4. and women‟s speech style see Table 3. in the movie and the researcher wanted to show the difference in the use of the speech style of the actress Angelina. Based on the result, there were 252 utterances involving Jane. There were only sixty seven from 264 of Jane‟s utterances that were chosen to be the source of this the first research problem. The researcher used all utterances uttered by Angelina to answer the second research question. Jane‟s character in the movie was found to employ both women‟s and men‟s speech in Mr. and Mrs. Smith movie.

B. Factors that Affect Angelina Jolie Speech Style

There are some factors that affect the way a person speaks. In this movie, there were two factors that affect Angelina‟s utterances, such as power relation and social situation.

1. Power Relation

Power relation was included in the social factor that can affect someone speech style. It is divided into three categories, namely H – L High – Low, L – H Low – High, and same or equal. The categories were determined by some factors such as age, gender, and position at work. 68

a. High Power Relation of The Speaker High – Low Category

There were some utterances from Angelina that showed her position was higher from the people she was talking to, such as, “Order more. All right. Go, Jas.” “I want GPS and SAC of the canyon and the weather report for the last three days ” and “Tell him... Dinner‟s at seven.” These utterances were Angelina‟s utterances that were taken at her office as the setting. The partners of the conversations were her colleague. From the dialogues, it can be seen that she used commands and some similar expressions when she talked with her colleague. Her position as the head of the assassin group was the factor that affects her utterances in her office.

b. Low Power Relation of The Speaker Low – High Category

There were some utterances from Angelina that showed that her addressee had a higher position than her in the office, such as “Yes, sir” “The FBl secured the pac kage. The window‟s closed sir” and “Looking forward to it, sir” These utterances were found and taken with Angelina‟s office as the setting. From the utterances, it can be seen that she used more polite speech by addressing the person as “sir” The person that she addressed as “sir” was her boss. At work, she and her colleague s refer their boss as „father‟. The factor that affects the utterances is her position as the subordinate. In this movie, there were only four utterances out of 251 from Angelina that were considered as low power relationship. 69

c. Same or Equal Relation

The last category is the category that both of the speakers have the same status. Angelina‟s utterances that showed same relation category were “You know me. I never do anythi ng without thinking it through” “What did you think of Dr. Wexler? His questions were a bit wishy- washy” and “There‟s this huge space between us. And it just keeps filling up with everything that we don‟t say to each other. What is that called?” Those utterances were taken from three different dialogue partners. The first person Angelina talked to was Jasmine, her best friend. The second person was her husband, John. The last person was Dr. Wexler, John ‟s and Jane‟s marriage consultant. From the utterances above, it can be seen that Angelina showed intimacy feeling on it. She considered the people she talked to as her friends that she could share her feeling with and asked for their opinion. She considered that they have equal status, therefore the way she talked to them show an intimacy feeling on it. This category was the most used category in the movie. There were 204 utterances that categorized as same category.

2. Social Situation

Spolsky 1998, P. 34 classified the social situation into three defining features, namely place, role-relation, and topic. From Angelina‟s utterances, it can be seen that she talked differently depended on the place and the topic. There were some scenes that took place in Jane‟s office. In Jane‟s office, the topic that mostly uttered was related to work and she usually talked in an assertive manner. “Order more” “Go, Jas.” ” I want GPS and SAC of the canyon, and the weather report for 70 the last three days. ” and “I want to know who that bitch is. Get me that tape.” Besides assertive, she also talked like a man and her language was coarser when the topic was work-related. Outside the office, Angelina utterances were similar to the common women “How was work?” and “Oh, I got new curtains” were the dialogues that taken when she was at her home with her husband. The topic was related to the furniture and the dinner. Although she asked about her husband‟s work, her husband only gave a small respond and stopped the conversation. In this study, the researcher applied Wood‟s theory 1993 to identify women‟s and men‟s speech styles uttered by Angelina Jolie in the movie. The researcher also used Spolsky‟s 1998 and Schmidt‟s 2002 theories to analyse the f actors that affect Angelina Jolie‟s utterances in the movie. The researcher used document analysis method to analyse the movie ‟s transcript. The movie‟s transcript was the documents needed in this research, while the main instruments used in this study were the researcher, documents, tables and checklists. Based on the results of the study, the researcher found that Angelina Jolie used four out of six features of women‟s speech in her utterances. The four features of women‟s speech uttered by Angelina Jolie were attention to the relationship level, conversational maintenance work, responsiveness, and tentativeness. The total numbers of women‟s speech that were found in Angelina Jolie‟s utterances are fourteen see Table 3.. The researcher also found that Angelina used six out of six features of men‟s speech in her utterances. The six features of men‟s speech that uttered by Angelina Jolie were status and control, instrumentality, conversational dominance, assertive, abstract, and not highly 71 responsive. The total numbers of men‟s speech found were fifty three utterances see Table 4.. From the discussion, the researcher also found two factors that affect Angelina Jolie‟s utterances in Mr. and Mrs. Smith movie. The factors were power relation and social situations. The category power relation that mostly used in the movie was same or equal status see Appendix C. The social situation that mostly affected Angelina Jolie speech style was topic see Appendix D.