Thesis review Research Methods

and something new to explain. Based on the analysis, tag switching, and intra sentential often being used by mixed inter marriage children. In this article the weakness are, the data was good because he found many kinds of code switching but he is not involving the parents to get more data and new space for the discussion. Kumalasari 2008 analyzed about code switching found in “Empat Mata” talk show with the host Tukul Arwana and his assistant Pepy and Vega. All of the functions of code switching, such as to express participant‟s solidarity and status, topic switch, and affective functions are found in the data. “Empat Mata” is an interesting talk show, which has a great probability the use of code switching. In this research, English, Javanese, Chinese, Acehnese, and Padangnese are found as languages used in code switching. However, English is found as the most frequently used language in code switching. Thus, it can be stated that the host and some other guest star or the audiences tend to switch into English incorrectly or insert word per word in the middle of a sentence in order to create an amusing situation and cover their inability in speaking English. In other words, the host and some other audiences do not have a good proficiency in speaking English. This research has a weakness in analyzing the functions of code switching because she was unable to interview Tukul and the other audiences in “EmpatMata” talk show. Therefore, it is interesting for other researchers to analyze the functions of code switching by interviewing Tukul and the other audiences in “Empat Mata” talk show.

2.1.2 Journal Review

The study from Isharyanti 2009 entitle The Occurrences of Code Switching in a Chat Room Based Environment taken from the Jaltcall journal vol: 5. Chat room consists of 12 non-native speakers of English The participants in this study were 12 male participants. Six participants were from an Indonesian background and six participants were from a Latin American background representing five nations: Colombia, Chile, Uruguay, Mexico, and Argentina. The participants were advanced speakers of English enrolled in different graduate school programs at American universities. This study is unique in the sense that the code alternation phenomena across cultures in communication technlogy is well developed. Those all studies have a similarity with this study. This study also focused on code switching. The difference from this journal is the term of data source, scope of discussion and the theory to analyze the reasons of code switching. This study used data source from Menara fm Radio Station program.

2.1 Concepts

Code switching has often been characterized by seemingly random changes from one language to another. It has had many names and definitions, from “Spanglish” or “Tex-Mex” to code switching, code mixing, or code changing for the purpose of this paper, the term code refers to different languages, or different varieties or dialects of the same languages. It can occur between the speakers involved in a conversation or within a speech turn of a single speaker. Code switching can appear on several language levels including syntactic, phonological and morphological levels. In this part there are some concepts to support the analysis of this study. There are the concept of code, concept of code switching, concept of code mixing, and concept of bilingualism.

2.2.1 Concept of Code

According to Wardaugh 1986: 99 the neutral term „code‟ can be used refer to any kind of system that two or more people employ for communication furthermore, he