27 provisions concerning conditions of employment, participation
and pension programs, as well as conflicts of interest.
3. Operational Audit activities related to obtaining and evaluating
evidence about the efficiency and effectiveness of the operations of the entity in relation to the achievement of certain
goals. Audits of this type sometimes called a performance audit or management audits. In a business enterprise, the scope of
this audit may include all activities of a department, branch, or division.
d. Standards of Audit
According to SPAP SA Section 150: PSA no.1 in the audit process there are three standards that must be met in order to
carry out their professional standards, the general standards, standards of field work and reporting standards. Here are
description of the three standards: 1. General standards
a. Audits should be carried out by one or more persons who have the skills and technical training quite enough as an
auditor. b. In all matters relating to the engagement, independence in
mentality attitude must be maintained by the auditor.
28 c. In the implementation of the audit and the preparation of its
report, the auditor must use the professional skills carefully and thoroughly.
2. Field Work Standards a. Work must be planned well and if assistants should be
properly supervised. b. Sufficient understanding on internal control must be
obtained to plan the audit and determine the nature, timing, and extent of testing to be done.
c.
Sufficient competent audit evidence to be obtained through inspection, observation, inquiry and confirmation as a
reasonable basis for an opinion on the audited financial statements.
3. Reporting standards a. The auditors report must state whether the financial
statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Indonesia.
b. The auditors report should indicate or represent, if any, inconsistencies in the application of accounting principles
in the preparation of financial statements of the current period as compared with the application of the accounting
principles in the previous period.
29 c. Informative disclosures in the financial statements should
be considered sufficient, unless otherwise stated in the auditors report.
d. he auditors report must include a statement of opinion on the financial statements as a whole, or an assertion that
such a statement can not be given. If the overall opinion can not be given, then the reason must be stated. Name of the
auditor is associated with financial statements, the auditors report should contain a clear indication of the nature of the
audit work performed, if any, and the level of responsibility carried by the auditor.
e. Audit Opinion
Auditors have an obligation to provide an opinion on the financial statements which have been audited. According to SPAP
SA Section 508, there are five types of the auditors opinion, namely:
1. Unqualified Opinion Pendapat Wajar Tanpa Pengecualian
Unqualified Opinion stated when, according to the auditors judgment, the overall financial statements are presented fairly
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Indonesia and in which there are no material misstatements that
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