43
Furthermore, in Directorate General, the aim of Islamic education has been included in standards of outcome competency, namely:
1. Behaving in accordance with religious doctrine that he believes
in. 2.
Self developing optimally even reflecting as people in confidence and responsibility on his behavior and deed in social
circle. 3.
Behaving to appreciate the other religion. 4.
Even communication self potency in social life.
8
From the explanations above, the aim of Islamic education is to improve the student experiences in moral, to create the religious attitude. In
this level, the student not only in developing Islamic values individually, but it is in developing in social values which implanting Islamic values.
D. Creating the Religious Atmosphere at Public Schools
Religious atmosphere is a creation of school environment which is spirited by religious life. In Islamic education at the school that religious
atmosphere is creation the environment which is implicated to develop way of life, manifested in attitude, life and life skill for all student or who have school
environment.
9
Legal basis which makes the importance of religious atmosphere is government regulation No. 192005 section 7, it was mentioned “the group of
Islamic education and good moral at elementary, secondary school and the other kinds of school. The school had to apply the Islamic education through
the subject or portion and religious activities, citizenship, personality, science and technology, esthetic, physical, sports and health”.
10
Religious atmosphere is to develop the student religious who can be applied by ritual activities and students interaction to each other and school
environment.
8
Departemen Agama RI, Standar isi…, p. 20.
9
Muhaimin, Nuansa Baru…, p. 61.
10
Departemen agama RI, Undang- undang…, p. 156.
44
Besides that, religious atmosphere are vertical and horizontal activities. Vertical activity related to worship unto Allah SWT included obligation
prayer, optional prayer, and obligation fasting, the completion of the reading Koran khataman al-
qur’an, the correction in reading Koran tahsinul qur’an.
In the other of hand, the horizontal activity is social activities, the activities which related to interaction among people. For example concerning
the relationship with the environment in the social, establish an atmosphere or commitment to keep and maintain the facilities and school environment.
11
In carrying out religious activities or religious atmosphere, it can be applied through habitual, exemplary and persuasive approach that invites the
student to participate in religious activities. The importance of religious atmosphere is to reach religious life. It
means, the students are able to use their potency by applying values and attitude. Lickona formulated in quote Muhaimin that “to educate character and
good values, including the values of faith in God the Almighty God. Believe to one god almighty. The importance of integrate all the three domains,
namely moral knowing, moral feeling and moral action. All domains had been modified into scheme by Muhaimin, as the schema below:
12
11
Muhaimin, Nuansa Baru…,p. 62
12
Muhaimin, Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah, Madrasah dan Perguruan Tinggi, Jakarta; rajawali Press, 2009, Edisi III, p. 59.
45
The existence of correlation between the three domains had been shown by interrelated line. The lines had shown that to advise the student belief, need
to integrate of them; in moral knowing which consist of six aspects. Then, moral feeling which consist of six aspects. In moral action aspect which
consist of three aspects. Furthermore, in moral action aspects; put the habit, will and competency to embody that belief values. In this aspect, need to make
the religious atmosphere in school or out school environment.
13
This is related to th
e condition of student’s experience, they aren’t always able to apply the values of religious doctrine in out of school.
There are some models to create religious atmosphere, the word model is something that regarded true one and in accordance with condition. Related to
create religious atmosphere, need to use a model which it is able to apply in the school. Then, some creation models of religious atmosphere are:
13
Muhaimin, Pengembangan Kurikulum …, H. 60.
Moral Knowing 1.
Moral awareness 2.
Knowing moral values
3. Perspective-taking
4. Moral reasoning
5. Decision making
6.
Self-Knowledge Moral Feeling
1. Conscience
2. Self-esteem
3. Empathy
4. Loving the good
5. Self control
6. Humanity
Moral action 1.
competence 2.
will 3.
habit MAKING
RELIGIOUS ATMOSPHERE
46
1. Structural model
Structural model is a model to create the religious atmosphere which is supported by decrees, information, building good
situation, or activities that based on instruction and policy of institution or organization in school.
2. Formally model
Formal model is a model to create religious atmosphere that emphasized at doctrine, only for their religion is true. Study on
science by empiric, ration, analytic, it can make their belief uncertain, so that they need to keep by religious doctrine as
normative.
3. Mechanic model
Creation of a religious atmosphere is creating a religious atmosphere based on the understanding that life consists of
various aspects. The education is looked as implant and development all the values of life, and every aspect in
accordance with functions.
14
E. Islamic Education As School Culture
