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English Speaking Materials for Tutorial Practices
Unit 4
F. LET’S SUMMARIZE
In this unit, you have learnt about how to discuss something, HIVAIDS, cataracts, and diabetes, gerunds, and reduced form in English.
1. Expressions used in a discussion.
Opening a discussion To begin with,
We need to discuss . . .
Expressing opinion I think. . .
I believe. . .
Adding opinion
You made a good point but I’d also like to add. . .
Asking for input What do you think?
How about you?
Responding That sounds like a good idea.
Sounds good.
Contradicting However
Yeah, but
Interrupting
Sorry, but. . . May I say something. . .
Holding the floor Please let me finish. . .
Returning to your saying As I was saying . . .
Don’t get me wrong. . .
Clarifying your own ideas In other words,
What I mean is . . .
Asking for Clarification
What do you mean by that? What are you trying to say??
Clarifying anothers ideas You mean . . .
What you mean is . . .
Making a SuggestionProposal I think we should . . .
Maybe we should . . .
Agreeing I agree.
So do I
Disagreeing .
I disagree. I dont think so.
Giving examples For instance,
Summarizing In summary,
The conclusion is . . .
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English Speaking Materials for Tutorial Practices
Unit 4
2. Gerunds.
Gerunds are defined as the -ing form of a verb. They have several functions. 1.
Used as subjects and complements Skiing is my favorite sport.
Hiking can be very strenuous. Seeing is believing
2. Used as objects following prepositions and prepositional expressions
Thanks for tending my children. The job consists of typing, filing, and answering the phone.
3. Used as objects following certain verbs.
The children enjoyed watching the parade. Ms. Terrell avoided paying her taxes until it was too late.
Gerunds can sometimes take objects of their own: Roland is afraid of making mistakes.
Sandy is considering leaving New York. These verbs are commonly followed by gerunds:
Admit Stop
Hate Recommend
Advise Threaten
Hesitate Regret
Anticipate Tolerate
Imagine Suggest
Appreciate enjoy
Intend Threaten
Attempt Quit
Keep Tolerate
Avoid forget
Like Try
Begin Recall
Love Understand
cant help Recollect
Mention Suggest
Complete finish
Mind Go
Consider Miss
Remember Delay
Neglect Resent
Deny Postpone
Resist Discuss
Practice Risk
dislike Prefer
Start
3. Reduced Form.
Positive Statement Negative Statement
Long form Short form
Long form Short form
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English Speaking Materials for Tutorial Practices
Unit 4 is
are am
has have
had will
would ‘s
‘re ‘m
‘s ‘ve
‘d ‘ll
‘d is not
are not am not
has not have not
had not will not
would not isn’t
aren’t I’m not
hasn’t haven’t
hadn’t won’t
wouldn’t
4. Describing visual aids and numbers.
Introducing visual aids Meaning of the visual
Ok. Let’s take a look at… I have a transparency to show you…
The firstsecondnextfinal slide is… Have a look at this.
This showsillustratesrefers to… This is a graph which shows…
As you can see, this is… Here we can see…
Focusing attention Check with the audience
I’d like to draw your attention to… One of the most important aspects of this
is… At first glance it
seems…but… Is that clear for everyone?
Is that in focus? Can everybody see that?
Ordinal numbers Fractions
Decimals
1
st
:First
2
nd
:Second
95
th
:ninety-fifth
101
th
:one hundred and first
1+x 1-x
: One plus x over or divided by
one minus x
½: a half 2½: two and a half
¼: a quarter ¾: three quarters
0.0345 : Zero point zero three
four five 0.5 :zero point five
2.5 :two point five 0.25 :zero point two
five 0.75 :zero point seven
five
Percentages Units
Trigonometric functions
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English Speaking Materials for Tutorial Practices
Unit 4 68 :Sixty eight per cent
10 m: ten meters 85,000 gal: eighty-
five thousand gallons
35oC: thirty-five degrees Celsius
40 kg: forty kilograms kilos
85 lb: eight-five pounds
Sin = Sin = Sin A B C
sine alpha over A equals sine beta over
B...
Vocabulary List
abnormalityˌæb.n ɔ
ːˈmæl.ə.ti n : abnormalitas
accelerate əkˈsel.ə.re
ɪ t v
: mempercepat acuity
əˈkjuː.ə.ti n : ketajaman
brief briːf adj : singkat
clarityˈklær. ɪ
.ti n : kejelasan
consistency k ənˈs
ɪ s.t ə n t
.si n
: konsistensi deficient dɪˈfɪʃ. ə nt adj
: kurang devastating ˈdev.
ə.ste ɪ
.t ɪ
ŋ adj : mengenaskan
digest d a ɪˈdʒest v : mencerna
disorder d ɪ
ˈs ɔ
ː.də r n : penyakit
evidenceˈev. ɪ
.d ə n t
s n : bukti
fairlyˈfe ə.li adv
: secara wajar