It can be seen from the example above that the words „well made‟, it is
not translated into target language. There is no meaning of the source text in the target text.
c. Degree of Meaning Equivalence
In translation, degree of meaning can be categorized into: equivalent meaning fully meaning, increased meaning, and decreased meaning and
non-equivalent fully different meaning and fully no meaning. Bell states 1991: 6 that texts in different languages can be equivalent in different
degrees; fully and partly equivalent.
1 Equivalent Meaning a Full Meaning
Full meaning appears when the target language is not adding or omitting the information from source language.
b Increased Meaning
Increased meaning occurs when the translator adds information in target language TL which is not found in source language SL.
c Decreased Meaning
Decrease meaning happens when the translator omits some information that found in the source language SL text so the information
content in the TL decreases.
2 Non Equivalent Meaning
Non-equivalent meaning is the meaning of the translation that does not convey the original writing. Non equivalent meaning consists of fully
different meaning and fully no meaning.
a Fully Different Meaning
A translation of the source expression e.g. a clause is categorized into different meaning when there is a lexical item which meaning is different
from that source expression, so that the meaning is fully different
b Fully No Meaning
The category appears when a clause of the source expression has no meaning in the target expression because there is no translation at all.
4. Memorandum of Understanding MOU
Memorandum of understanding comes from the words memorandum and understanding. Memorandum itself means a written proposal or a reminder or
note. And understanding means the statement oral or written of an exchange of promises or an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an
opinion. So memorandum of understanding can be defined as a memorandum
