Type of the Research
41 teaching and learning process. Later, the data gathered through
observation were presented in the form of field notes. b.
Interview Interviews were used in the reconnaissance and data gathering
step. In the reconnaissance step, the interviews were done to find the existing problem. Lodico, Spaulding, and Voegtle 2010: 338 state
that interview can reveal participant’s own perception of their views, feelings, and experiences. The interviews would be done by the
researcher to gather the responses, opinions, suggestions, and expectations of the students about the implementation of the
technique. Meanwhile, interview guidelines are used to help the researcher
keep the discussion on the track. It helped the researcher to conduct the interviews systematically and to check that the needed
information had already been elicited. The results of the interview were interview transcripts.
c. Video Recording and Camera The researcher recorded the English teaching-learning process by
using a handycam while doing the observation. Video recording helps the researcher to record the activity that the students do in the
teaching learning process. Through video recording, the researcher can play video recording again to know the lack of teaching and
42 learning process. The data were presented in the form of videos and
photographs. On the other hand, the quantitative data was gathered through test.
According to Brown 2001: 384, test is a method of measuring a person’s ability or knowledge in a given domain. The tests used
speaking rubric for speaking tests. Those tests would result in scores that would be compared later to find the improvement of the students’
speaking ability.
Table 3.1 : Instruments of the Research
No. Instruments
Data
1. Observation guideline
Field Note 2.
Interview guideline Interview Transcripts
3. Video Recorder
Video 4.
Camera Photographs
5. Speaking Rubric
Test Scores