20 also be identified not only from the physical appearance but also other criteria
which are related to the character. After looking at the main character, the writer will focus on the second
problem that is the Phoebe’s life misery in David’s tragedy. Since this analysis use psychological approach, the theory of personality is used. Beside, the theory
of motivation helps to know the meaning of Phoebe’s life.
C. Context of the Novel
Related to the further analysis of The Memory Keeper’s Daughter, the view of the biography of the writer and sociopolitical and economic condition of
the setting in the story is very important to study so that the reader will get the deeper understanding about this analysis. The biographical approach is used to
show us the Kim Edwards’ life that inspires her to write the novel. The sociopolitical and economic condition is used to show us the society’s background
the setting of the story.
1. Setting of the Novel
The story of the novel takes place in US, in California from 1964 to 1989. It was the period that Down Syndrome is a disease that the people who suffer it is
rejected from others because many people think that a person who suffer Down syndrome only disturb the normal people. Beside, from the place of the novel we
can see the US culture is disagreed people who dishonest and betrays others. The place which mention in the novel is in Kim Edwards’ city in some towns of North
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21 California such as Kentucky, Pittsburgh, Louisville, Lexington, and some towns
near them, Paris and some countries that the characters have visited, Presbyterian Church, David Henry’s house, Doro’s house, Paul’s school, Hospital where David
Henry and Caroline worked. Based on the places mentioned above in the novel, it is clear that Kim Edwards is Catholic.
2. Setting of the Writer
Since the novel is based on true story, the setting of place where the writer wrote the story is the same as it is written in the novel. The idea of the novel is
come up from the story of Pastor who told about one of the members of the church, a man who have a twin that is hidden by his father in an institution. Since
it is a true story, Kim Edwards develops this novel based on one’s stories and then she explores some information to support her novel, such as exploring
photography, the ancient geography of Kentucky, and Down syndrome.
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22
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part is the object of the study that will explain about the novel. The second is the method of the study that
will explain about some approaches that will be used in this analysis. And the third part is the method of the study that will explain about the method used and
the procedure of the study.
A. Object of the Study
The object used in this study is a novel entitled The Memory Keeper’s Daughter
. This novel was written by Kim Edwards and was firstly published by Viking Penguin in 2005. It is the first novel Kim Edwards has written and consists
of 513 pages and it is divided into seven chapters. This study deals with two of the characters of the novel and his memories
as its center of attention. Phoebe and David Henry are two of major characters of The Memory Keeper’s Daughter.
Phoebe is a David’s daughter, she suffers Down syndrom and she is raised by David’s nurse named Caroline Gill because David
does not want his wife knows that their daughter suffers Down syndrome. Phoebe is raised in another country and she does not know her own parents. She thinks
that Caroline is her own mother. While David Henry is an orthopedic surgeon that has a bad past memory.
He has Down syndrome sister named June. June has died when she was twelve
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