World Heritage Committee criteria can be used for scoring in cultural object in tourism. In this method the criteria for cultural tourism object are:
• Religions system
• Social factors
• Economic factor
• Art
• Language
• Tools and
• Education system.
2.6. Geographic Information System
Geographic Information System GIS is a particularly horizon technology in the sense that it has wide ranging applications across the industrial and
intellectual landscape. For this reason, it tends to resist simplistic definition. GIS stores spatial data with logically linked attribute information in a GIS storage
database where analytical function is controlled interactively by a human operator to generate the needed information products Tomlinson, 2003.
A Geographic Information System GIS is a specific information system applied to geographic data and mainly referred to as a system of hardware,
software and procedures designed to support the capture, management, manipulation, analysis, modeling and display of spatially-referenced data for
solve complex planning and management problems Burrough, 1998.
Geographic Information System GIS is a set of tools that are used for compiling, storing, manipulating, updating, analyze, and present is all data to be
spatial information ESRI, 1990. GIS has four main capabilities to handle geographic reference data, they are: data entry, data management, data manipulate
and analyze, and data output Arronoff, 1989. GIS is one information system used to working with spatial reference data
or geographic coordinate Star and Ester 1990. Other word, GIS is a system of database with specific capability for spatial reference data with a set of working
operation. The capability of GIS if compared with another database processing system is its capability to display spatial and non-spatial information at the same
time. For example; land-use data will be able to be presented within polygons boundary spatial information and attributes that contain information of polygon
non-spatial information. Information with different themes is represented into different layer coverage. GIS tries to make simple real earth phenomenon, and it
is expected to represent real condition for one particular application. Chrisman, 1996.
In GIS, data storage is divided into 2 parts, they are: spatial and attribute data. For analysis need, spatial and attribute data will be stored separately, and
then the both will be integrated Macguire and Goodchild, 1991. Occasionally, some data derive from remote sensing image will be combined with GIS data
storage for implementation particularly goal. GIS must follow some rules: 1 involving concept and geographic data
that have relationship with spatial distribution, 2 information from data analyzed and related with decision making goal, 3 a system that include data entry,
processing, and data output, 4 three components above are functioned based on high technology Arronoff, 1989.
Figure 2. Stucture of GIS Malczewski 1999.
Data sources requirement for GIS analysis process generally can be divided into 3 categories Laurini, 1992,
they are: 1. Field data, 2. Map data, which its information has recorded on paper or film that are converted into digital
format and 3. Remote sensing involves airborne photo and satellite imagery. The process from data input become data output is a connecting structure
that is started from real world and recorded on image and airborne photo, then by GIS facility, data are stored and processed to generate output that will be used for
decision-making in the real world. Procedure of GIS working system is organizing hardware, software, and geographic data to optimize the system of storing,
manipulating, analysis and displaying all geographic information. Attribute and
Data Storage and Management
User Interface
Data Output
Data Manipulation and
Analysis User
Interface
spatial data have relationship with space aspect-location that is presented as database on a map. To acquire spatial analysis result use overlaying technical
from some thematic maps vector or raster. New spatial information is acquired based on new digital value that constitutes an integration of old digital value.
2.7. Multi Criteria Decision Making MCDM
