Situation 7: Lending a book +S, +I, -F Situation 8: Recommending some books -S, -I, -F

of name. 336 After expressing thanking strategy, one Javanese IN addresses her best friend by using endearment term: ―Tengkyu say‖ ―Thank you dear‖ 337 In Cheng‘s taxonomy, endearment term in the expressions of gratitude is categorized as alerter in the subcategory of name. 338 In situation 6, more than half of AEs simply use thanking strategy. 339 One Indian and Caucasian AE simply expresses thanking strategy to his best friend after he gets the tissue: ―Thanks.‖ 340 Similar to INs, in accompanying thanking strategy, half of ELs address hisher best friend by using alerter in the subcategory of name. 341 For example, one Javanese EL mentions the name of her best friend after expressing thanking: ―Thanks, Sally‖ 342 Then, One Buginese EL also does it: ―Thanks, Sally.‖ 343 7. Situation 7: Lending a book +S, +I, -F In this situation, expression of gratitude is made by a person in a higher- status mentor to a person in a lower-status a freshman as response to high- imposition favor. Every participant, situated as a mentor, is asked to give response to a freshman, whom the mentor just met a few days ago, for lending one important book. When returning the book, what is commonly expressed by all AEs, INs, and ELs to the freshman is thanking strategy. 344 In accompanying 336 Table 5.6 IN 1-2, 4-5, 7-8, 10 Appendix 5 337 Table 5.6 IN 5 Appendix 5 338 Stephanie Weijung Cheng 2005, op.cit. p. 49. 339 Table 5.6 AE 1-3, 5-7, 9 Appendix 5 340 Table 5.6 AE 1 Appendix 5 341 Table 5.6 EL 1-3, 6 and 10Appendix 5 342 Table 5.6 EL 1 Appendix 5 343 Table 5.6 EL 2 Appendix 5 344 Table 5.7 AE 1-10, IN 1-10, and EL 1-10 Appendix 5 thanking strategy, more than half of INs use one alerter in the subcategory of name to address the freshman. 345 In contrast, besides thanking strategy, there is no other strategy which is used by more than half of AEs. In this situation, half of AEs prefer to simply express thanking strategy to the freshman. 346 In this case, similar to INs, in accompanying thanking strategy, more than half of ELs use one alerter in the subcategory of name in addressing the freshman. 347 For example, one Javanese EL mentions the name of the freshman after expressing thanking strategy and before expressing positive reaction to the favor giver: ―Thank you, Chris It was very kind of you to let me using the book first. Good luck for your paper‖ 348

8. Situation 8: Recommending some books -S, -I, -F

In this situation, expression of gratitude is made by a person in lower-status student to a person in a higher-status professor as response to the low- imposition favor. Situated as a student, every participant is asked to give response to a professor, whom the student does not know very well, for recommending some books. After some recommended-to-read books are mentioned, what is commonly expressed by all AEs, INs and ELs to the professor is thanking strategy. 349 Besides thanking strategy, more than half of AEs use positive feeling strategy in showing how enthusiastic they are with the recommended books. 350 345 Table 5.7 IN 1, 4-6, 8-9 Appendix 5 346 Table 5.7 AE 2, 5-7, and 9 Appendix 5 347 Table 5.7 EL 1-3, 5, 8, and 10 Appendix 5 348 Table 5.7 EL 1 Appendix 5 349 Table 5.8 AE 1-10, IN 1-10, and EL 1-10 Appendix 5 350 Table 5.8 AE 1-4, 8 and 10 Appendix 5 Besides thanking, one Caucasian AE expresses positive reaction to the recommended books: ―Thank you, I’ll look into them.‖ 351 There are only few INs who use positive feeling strategy. 352 In accompanying thanking strategy, more than half of INs use at least one alerter in the subcategory of title to address the professor. 353 Similar to INs, in accompanying thanking strategy, more than half of ELs address the professor by at least one alerter in the subcategory of title. 354 Similar to AEs, more than half of ELs use positive feeling. 355 After thanking, one Javanese EL mentions the title and the name of the professor and expresses positive reaction: ―Thank you Prof. Smith. This information would be so helpful. ‖ 356 9. Situation 9: Fixing a flash disk =S, +I, =F