same batch with you, whom you do not know, picks it up and gives it to you. After the student gives the pen to you, you would say
Note: This situation is adapted from a situation in a DCT developed by
Cheng in 2005 for a pilot study:
You are walking to class. You accidentally drop your papers and notes, which scatter all over the middle of a busy hallway. A student whom you
don‘t know is walking by and stops to help you pick up your papers and notes. When the student gives the papers and notes to you, what
do you say?
154
In adapting Cheng ‘s situation, the things which are followed by situation 11
in the present study are the theme of low-imposition favor of taking something, interlocutor social status and interlocutor familiarity. However,
in Cheng‘s, the favor is taking scattered papers and notes. In situation 11 in
the present study, the favor is adapted and changed into taking a pen.
12. Paying the bill of the food high-status, high-imposition, high-
familiarity
You and Marie, a junior in your university whom you know very well, have lunch at a restaurant. When you want to pay the bill, you realize that you left
your wallet and have no money. Marie offers to pay. After your bill is paid, you would say
Note:
This situation is adapted is adapted from a situation in a DCT developed by Eisenstein and Bodman in 1986:
Your friend suggests going out to lunch. You say that youd like to go, but you only have 2.00. Your friend says, Ah, dont worry. Ill take
you today. Your friend takes you to a very nice restaurant —a much
154
Stephanie Weijung Cheng 2005, op.cit., p.121.
more expensive one than the ones you usually go to. You have a wonderful meal Your friend pays, and you get up to leave.
155
In adapting Eisenstein and Bodman‘s situation, the things which are followed by situation 12 in the present study are the theme of high-
imposition favor of paying the bill of the food and familiarity of the favor giver. However, in Eisenstein and Bodman
‘s situation, the thanker and the favor giver have equal social status since they are firends. But, in situation
12 in the present study, interlocutor social status is adopted and changed into a junior student who has lower-social status than the thanker who is
situated as a senior student.
13. Taking a book low-status, low-imposition, equal-familiarity
You find yourself difficult to take a book from a high book shelf in the library at your university. Noticing the situation, a professor, whom you do
not know, kindly helps you take the book. After the professor gives the book to you, you would say
14. Borrowing an important book equal-status, high-imposition, low-
familiarity
You have to complete a paper for your project in two days. However, a book, which is a main reference for the paper, is difficult to find. Katie, your
classmate whom you do not know very well, has the book. While both of you are in the class, you try to borrow the book. At first, she refuses because
155
Miriam Eisenstein and Jean W. Bodman 1986, op.cit. p. 180.
she also needs the book but finally agrees to lend it for a little while. When you return the book, you would say
Note: This situation is adapted from a situation in a DCT developed by
Cheng in 2005 for a pilot study:
You are writing a term paper for one of your courses. There is a book you need to read to complete the paper. You go to the library, but the book has
been checked out. Fortunately, a friend of yours, whom you know very well, has a copy of the book and offers to lend it to you for a few days. When you
return the book, what do you say to
your friend?
156
In adapting Cheng ‘s situation, the things which are followed are the theme
of high-imposition favor of lending a book and interlocutor social status. But, in situation 14 in the present study, the familiarity of the favor giver are
adapted and changed. In Cheng‘s situation, the thanker and the favor giver
have high-familiarity since they are friends who know each other very well. But, in situation 14 in the present study, the favor giver and the thanker
have low familiarity since they do not know each other very well.
15. Fixing a laptop equal-status, high-imposition, high-familiarity
