Cycle I Cycle II

C. Population and Sample of the Research

The population of this study is seventh grading students of MTs. Soebono Mantofani at Jl. Sumatra no 75 Jombang, Ciputat. The whole students are 129 students who consist of four classes, namely class 7.1, 7.2, 7.3and 7.4every class has 20 to 30 students. The writer took out one class from the population as sample of this research which consists of 20 students, which are divided into 1classes, namely class 7.1. For the experiment class appointed 7.1 as the sample that get treatment.

D. The Technique of Collecting data

Principles of data collecting in action research are similar to other studies. In action research, both qualitative and quantitative the data used to describe the changes: changes in teacher performance, students’ achievement results, changes in students’ performance and classroom atmosphere changes. 1 The complete explanation is as follows: 1. Observation First, In this case the writer uses the unstructured or opened observation to know what happens within teaching learning process. It may be about teachers’ performance, class situation and students’ response concerning the application of TPR during CAR. In other words all of the need aspects should be noticed to make sure whether the teaching learning process is in line with the lesson plan or not. The observation is carried out by using both the form of observation as a guideline during the research and field notes as an additional data. 2. Interview Interview guide is given to the students of MTs. Soebono Mantofani and the English teacher. The writer asks them before implementing Classroom Action Research CAR. It is to know students’ ability in using grammar, students’ participation in learning grammar and preposition of place and the method or any strategies usually adopted by the teacher in teaching grammar. 1 Suharsimi Arikunto. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara,2007, p. 127 The interview also is carried out after Classroom Action Research CAR to know the English teacher response toward the idea of Total Physical Response. 3. Questionnaire The writer gives questionnaires after an action research to know the students’ opinion about method is used in the Classroom Action Research CAR. In this questionnaires the writer will give the score 1 one if the indicator in learning phase appear. Then to know the data of questionnaire, it uses the formula: Score = The total number of students who se lected “YES” answer X 100 Number of Students The result of the data adds to the percentage, it uses the classification into the category as follows: Table 3.1 The Interpretation of Students’ Questionnaire No. The Score The Criterion 4. 81—100 Excellent 5. 61-80 Good 3. 41-60 Enough 4. 21-40 Fairly 5. 0-20 Very Fairly 4. Test The test used in this study is pre-test and post-test. It is used to get the data concerning with the students’ progress in understanding prepositions of place through TPR. The pre-test is given to the students before TPR is applied. Meanwhile, the post-test is given after the implementation of TPR in the end of each cycle. Both of pre-test and post-test are presented in the form of multiple choices.

E. The Technique of Data Analysis

The technique of data analysis consist of data from interview, data from observation, data from distributing questionnaire, and data from the test pre-test and post-test. The analysis qualitative data is used to measure data from observation and interview, while the analysis quantitative data is used to measure data from questionnaire and test. In analyzing the average score of students’ grammar test in each cycle, the writer uses the formula. 2 : mean ∑X : individual score N : number of students Next the writer tries to get the class percentage which pass the minimal mastery level criterion KKM considering English subject gain score 75seventy five. The formula is: 3 P: the class percentage F: total percentage score N: Number of students Then, after getting mean of students’ score per actions, the writer identifies whether or not there is an improvement of students’ score from pre-test 2 Nana Sudjana, Penilaian Hasil Belajar Mengajar, Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya, 1991, p.109 3 Nana Sudjana, PenilaianHasilBelajarMengajar ……, p. 131 = F P = ── X 100 N up to post-test in cycle 1 and 2. The writer uses the formula below the analyzing the data. 4 Formula of Post-test 1 P : percentage of students’ improvement y: pre-test result y1: post test 1 Formula of Post-test 2 P : percentage of students’ improvement y: pre-test y2: post-test 2 The formula used to analyze data from the percentage of questionnaire result: n: number of students who answered the option N: number of students in the class 4 David E. Meltzer, The Relationship between Mathematics Preparation and Conceptual Learning Gains in Physics: A Possible Hidden Variable in Diagnostic Pretest Scores, Lowa: Department of Physics and Astronomy, 2008, p.3. y1 - y P = ───X 100 y y2 - y P = ───X 100 y =n x10 N