up to post-test in cycle 1 and 2. The writer uses the formula below the analyzing the data.
4
Formula of Post-test 1
P : percentage of students’ improvement
y: pre-test result y1: post test 1
Formula of Post-test 2
P : percentage of students’ improvement
y: pre-test y2: post-test 2
The formula used to analyze data from the percentage of questionnaire result:
n: number of students who answered the option N: number of students in the class
4
David E. Meltzer, The Relationship between Mathematics Preparation and Conceptual Learning Gains in Physics: A Possible Hidden Variable in Diagnostic Pretest Scores, Lowa: Department of Physics
and Astronomy, 2008, p.3.
y1 - y P = ───X 100
y
y2 - y P = ───X 100
y
=n x10
N
F. The Validity of Data
To analyze the examined test items, the writer implements the trustworthiness of test. There are some phases including:
1. Discriminating Power
The analysis of discriminating power of test items is to know the performance of the test through distinguishing students who have high
achievement and low achievement. Discriminating power provides a more detailed analysis of the test item than do’s item difficulty, because it show
how the top scores and lower scores performed on each item. The computing of discriminating power uses the formulas following:
D: The Index of discriminating power U: The number of pupils in the upper group who answered the item
correctly L: The number of pupils in the lower group who answered the item
correctly N: Number of pupils in each of the group
Next, the discriminating scale uses:
DP REMARK
≤ 0.40 Used
0.20-0.39 Revised
≤ 0.10 Discarded
U - L D = _________
N
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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the research findings based on the analysis of data collected from the implementation of TPR to teaching Preposition of Place. The
research findings are described in three parts: data description, data analyzing and data interpretation.
A. Data Description
1. Before Implementing the Action
a. The Result of Pre Interview
Pre Interview was conducted in this study was the unstructured interview. It was held on Thursday, 18
th
September 2012. The writer ask the teacher some questions, including: The general condition in English class
primarily on students performance and students achievement, the difficulty faced by students in understanding preposition of place and the teacher
strategy to solve the students difficulties in understanding preposition of place.
First category discussed about the general condition in English class primarily on students’ grammar achievement of the test and students’
activities. The teacher said that most of students who did not like English class; they gained low competence in English. Besides, they still faced
obstacle in following the English lesson. They thought English as a complicated then considered that grammar as the most difficult one in
learning English primarily on VII class which derived the lowest score of grammar test among the other second grade classes. Moreover, the teacher
stated that most of them were hardly to pass the Criterion of Minimum Completeness KKM concerning the school policy.
