E. Organization of the study
In discussing the topic, the writer divides this study into five chapters as follows: chapter one is introduction, involving the background of study, the
limitation of the study, the formulation of the study, the significance of the study and the organization of study. In chapter two, the writer will discuss about
theoretical framework. This chapter will be divided into three sub chapters. The first is talking about modal auxiliaries, kinds of modal, form of modals and
meaning of modals. The second is talking about modal auxiliaries; Can and could, usage of Can and could, and similar expression of Can and could. The
third is talking about students difficulties using Modal auxiliaries of can and could.
6
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
In this chapter, the writer tries to give clear description of theoretical framework which is covering the definition of error, type of error, the causes of
error, the difference between error and mistake, error analysis, definition of error analysis, steps in analyzing error and the goal of error analysis.
A. ERROR
1. Definition of Error
According to Brown errors are part of the students Interlingua that is the version of the language which a learner has at any one stage of development, and
which is continually reshaped as he or aims toward full mastery.
Therefore, Dullay stated that error is the flawed side of learner speech or writing. Those are part of conversation or composition that deviates from some
selected norm of mature language performance
1
. it means that there is a stray norm of language performance . the making of an error is part of language
learning, and it is invitable because people cannot learn language without commiting error, But here Brown has different opinion . He define an error as
noticable deviation from the adult grammar of native speaker reflecting the interlingual competence of the learner
2
The writer also conclude error is a part of foreign language learning process that made by students cause by thier lack of comprehending in the target language
rules. When the students learn about target language they make plenty of error, it is natural part of language acquisition process, How to know the students error are
needed the error analysis.
1
Heidi Dullay, Marina Burt, Stephen Karshen, Language Two New York: Oxford university Press, 1982, p. 138.
2
H. Duglas Brown, principle of Language Learning and Teaching, 4th edition, New York; Longman 2000, p. 217.
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