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CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter discusses the methods of investigation. There are four main sub chapters discussed here. Those are research approach, subject of the study,
procedure of collecting data and procedure of analyzing data.
3.1 Research Approach
The research approach which is used in this study is descriptive qualitative approach since this study produces descriptive data in the form of written and
video recording. The data of this study is in form of words and involved no number or calculation. Bogdan and Taylor 1992: 5 define qualitative method as
‘a research procedure which produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken record of individual as well as observed behavior’. This study described
the collected data and then interpreted the content and ultimately drawn the conclusion based on the analysis.
Furthermore, to calculate the percentage of errors made by the major characters of drama Ramayana, Upon the Corona, the following simple formula is
used: ;
where: X = the percentage of errors,
Er = various kinds of errors, W = words,
and Σ = the
total number.
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In order to find out the dominant errors made by the major characters of the drama, a statistical computation based on Gulo 1983, is used.
; where:
Pi = the proportion of frequency of occurrence, fi
= absolute frequency of particular type of errors, and n
= the total number of observed errors. From the computation above, the proportion or percentage of frequency of
occurrence of each types of errors can be identified. The next step of the analysis to calculate the average of occurrence frequency is carried out. In this case, a
simple statistical method is used, which is the proportion as a whole 100 divided by the total number of observed errors. The result is called the mean P.
The next step is the final step of the statistical analysis, calculating the Pi-P to identify the degree of dominance of a particular error. Any errors whose Pi-P is
plus + is considered to be dominant and vice versa.
3.2 Subject of the Study
In this study, the drama Ramayana, Upon the Corona is analyzed. It is a drama project presented by English Department of Semarang State University. This
performance was held in Taman Budaya Raden Saleh on July 18, 2009. The Drama lecturer herself, Dra. Rahayu Puji Haryanti, M.Hum, whom handled this
drama.
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Based on epic Ramayana, this drama obviously involves a lot of actors. In this study, only 9 casts as the subjects of the study which are observed based on
the frequency of the dialogs. They are the cast of Shinta, Rahwana, Rama Wijaya, Laksmana, Sugriwa, Subali, Anoman, Jomblo and Playboy.
3.3 Procedure of Collecting Data
