Type of the Research

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B. Source, Form and Context of the Data

According to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:48, data is a collection of variables from a research sample. Qualitative research is descriptive, therefore the data in qualitative research are in the form of words rather than number, Bogdan and Biklen in Sugiyono 2012:13. The source of the data was the Bully video game ’s script. The source of the data of this research were taken from the scenes which appeared in each mission through Chapters I and II of the game. Thus, in this research the data were in the form of lingual unit, such as words, phrases, clauses, or sentences which contained speech acts. Meanwhile, the context of the data was dialogue since the research ’s object was video game.

C. Instrument of the Research

This research employed a qualitative method. As Bogdan and Biklen state in Sugiyono 2012:13, qualitative research has the natural setting as the direct source of data and researcher is the key instrument. Furthermore, Sugiyono, 2012:222 says that in qualitative the researcher is human instrument. The instrument functions as the one who decides the focus of research, collects, analyzes, and interprets the data, and also makes conclusion of the finding. In addition, Heigham and Croker 2009:11 state that in qualitative research, the researcher is the primary research instrument. Moreover, Creswell 2007:38 states that the qualitative researchers collect the data themselves through examining document, observing behavior, and interviewing participants. They 29 may use instrument for collecting data but they are the ones who collect the information. However, the secondary instrument of the research was data sheet. The researcher used the data sheet to note the data, and it was used to help the researcher in identifying and analyzing the data. The form of the data sheet is presented in Table 1. Table 1 . An Example of Data Sheet of Pragmatic Analysis of Speech Acts in Bully Chapter I and II Video Game

D. Technique of Data Collection

The data of the research were collected from the utterances which were performed in the conversation by the main character in Bully video game. The researcher played the game comprehensively through Chapters I and II to gain Code NoDirect TypeCha- Mi Utterances The way they are delivered Searle’s classification of speech acts Context Explanation Dire ct Indir ec t R ep Dir C om Exp De c 1DiDir1- 00 NS : James. JH : What? who are you? mom I thought you told me never talk to stranger Mo: Like I have said before jimmy, please be nice to your new step father. √ a This dialogue happens between Jimmy, his mom, and his new stepfather. The setting is in the moving car that is heading to Ji y’s new school. Ji y’s o starts the conversation by asking Jimmy to say something, because there was only silence. His new stepfather also calls him. But, Jimmy asks his new stepfather some questions back. Jimmy is employing a direct directive act of questioning. Jimmy is asking about his new stepfather presence.