Suicide Definition of terms

11 and Woods Jr. 1971, p. 20 in Reading and Writing about Novel define characterization as the process by which an author creates character, it is the device that heshe makes the readers to believe a character in the particular type of person heshe is. An author does this way to make a stereotype of someone existing in a real world situation comes real during the reading. According to Murphy 1972, p. 161 -173, there are nine methods in which the readers can understand the character. The first method is related to personal description. Personal description related to the description about what the characters are like. It tells the readers the details of the characters’ appearance such as the face, skin complexion, eyes, hair, and the clothing. The second method is about how a character is seen by the other characters. Instead of describing the character directly, the author can describe a character through the eyes and opinions of other characters in the story. Through this way the readers are able to grasp a character’s personality and appearance which can also determine a character’s characteristics. The third method is related to speech. Some information and clues about a character can also be revealed through the character’s speech. The readers will be able to grasp the characteristics of a character through the way heshe speaks. The fourth method is linked to the past life. Another way to describe a character is by giving some information about a character’s past life. A character’s past life will affect how shehe behaves in herhis present life. Moreover, a character’s past life can change hisher personality. The author may give this information directly by 12 giving comments, using the character’s thoughts and speech in conversations, or by using other characters’ point of view and comments. The fifth method is about the conversation of other characters. The characteristics of a character can be revealed through a conversation of other characters. The author can give the readers some clues about the characteristics of a character in the story through the conversation of other characters. The sixth method is related to the reaction. The author can also give descriptions of a character’s personality by letting the readers know how the character reacts to various situations and events. Therefore, through hisher reaction, the readers can understand the mental and moral qualities of a character in the story. The seventh method is linked to the direct comment of the author. The author can describe or comment on a character in the story directly. In this way, the readers will understand easily the characteristics of a character in the story. The eighth method is related to the thoughts. The author can give the readers direct knowledge of what a character in the story is thinking about. By knowing what in the character’s mind, the readers will know hisher characteristic. The last method is about mannerism. The author can describe a character’s mannerisms, habits, or idiosyncrasies. It can tell the readers some clues about the characteristics of a character in the story.