3 casualty of the bourgeoisie‘s rule. In his poem ―The Fiddler‖, Karl Marx does not
only tell his personal experience, but it also becomes his device to trigger the readers, particularly critical thinkers, to contribute themselves for making
classless society.
1.2 Objective of the Study
The objective of this study is to explore Karl Marx‘s aberration on class
consciousness as seen in his poem ―The Fiddler‖. The writer tries to explore any
elements of the poem in details so that the possible image, dealing with Karl Marx
‘s aberration on class consciousness reflected in the poem, can be vividly portrayed.
1.3 Problem Formulation
As the base of the following analysis, the writer has formulated two problems. It directs the writer to investigate only particular scope of the study
analysis. The formulated problems are stated as follows: 1. What is the literal meaning of Karl Marx‘s poem ―The Fiddler‖?
2. How is Karl Marx‘s aberration on class consciousness reflected in his poem ―The Fiddler‖?
1.4 Benefit of the Study
It is expected that this paper will become one of the information sources which could enrich reader‘s knowledge about literary phenomena within society
as it is reflected in Karl Marx ‘s poem ―The Fiddler‖. Hopefully, the analysis on
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4 this topic may increase
reader‘s motivation to get involve in caring others, especially the oppressed ones. Furthermore, the writer also expects that this paper
could guide students who have not been familiar with poetry, to get better understanding about poetry,
Karl Marx‘s poem in particular.
1.5 Definition of Terms
Here are several terms that may lead readers into misconception: 1.5.1 Aberration
According to Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture, Long 1992 defines aberration as a change of
one‘s usual way of thinking or behaving. Furthermore, based on Mc Kean 2005 as stated in The Oxford
American Dictionary, aberration describes a person who believes and behaves in unusual or unacceptable manner.
In this study, Karl Marx‘s aberration reflects unusual way of thinking and
behaving of a bourgeoisie. Karl Marx is not behaving like any other bourgeoisie since he protests against an awareness which has been set by his class, which is
called class consciousness. Karl Marx‘s protest against his class consciousness is
pictured in his action of helping and fighting for the other class, the proletariat.
1.5.2 Class Consciousness According to Fairchild 1975, class consciousness is defined as an
awareness of on e‘s position in certain class. To be more specific, it is awareness
which differentiates one‘s class position with some other individual or groups.
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5 Generally, this awareness is followed with certain attitudes which may be feeling
of superiority or inferiority towards other class position p. 42. In this study, Karl Marx
‘s class consciousness as a bourgeoisie puts him to be superior toward proletariat. It is all due to the power of bourgeoisie which
controls society at that time. Karl Marx who comes from bourgeoisie class may carry arbitrary power toward the proletariat. Moreover, Karl Marx may exploit
them brutally in order to get advantage from them since he belongs to the power class.
1.5.3 Literal Meaning Based on The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, Audi 1999 states
―literal meaning is the non-figurative, strict meaning an expression or sentences have in language by virtue of the dictionary meaning of its words and the import
of its syntactic constructions ‖ p. 545. So as, in this study, literal meaning of this
poem ―The Fiddler‖, means as the virtue meaning of the poetic words within the poem. The literal me
aning of ―The Fiddler‖ portrays a music player, the fiddler, who gets in conversation with a person who is observing his performance.
1.5.4 The Fiddler According to Zaret, ―The fiddle is a violin played as a folk instrument.‖
Furthermore, Zaret explains that the words ―violin‖ and ―fiddle‖ come from the Latin root, but the difference is that violin came from romance languages; while
fiddle through Germanic languages. In addition Zaret also states in his writing
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6 Peter Zaret Sons Violins,
that ―the goal of violin playing is beauty, power and mystery. For fiddling, the dominant esthetic is rhythmic energy and mystery. The
goal of fiddling is dance- ability.‖
In this study, literarily the words ―The Fiddler‖ refers to Karl Marx as the player of bow string music instrument with the goal of playing for dance ability.
Further, if it is related with the latent meaning of the words, ―The Fiddler‖ refers to a person who controls society with the goal to make bring happiness in the
classless society.
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7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
