Background of the Study

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer describes six underlying issues namely background of the study, problem formulation, problem limitation, research objectives, research benefits, and definition of terms.

A. Background of the Study

As a means of communication, language works like a bridge which bridges people to do anything that they want to do in their society, in this case, how language is used in giving information accurately is by using printed mass media, such as, newspapers, magazines, or tabloids. On the other hand, the ways of using language reflect people’s personal aspects of visual and intellectual. Thus, language that is used must be well-arranged in order to be easily understood. McCormick 1994: 581 explains that “the term ‘code-switching’ refers to the juxtaposition of elements from two or more language or dialects.” So, someone may switch the language from one language to another. In addition, she or he can produce the language utterances that consist of language elements from two or more different languages. The statement above is also supported by Valdes – Fallis 1977, as cited by Duran, code-switching means the use of two languages concurrently or interchangeably. It shows the degree of competence in the languages. 2 There are a number of reasons for code-switching. One of them can be the influence of certain meanings. Sometimes, people feel that it is monotonous when they only use their own native language all the time to communicate to others, in this case in giving information by using printed mass media. They need something new and different taste in order to have stylish language utterances without changing its meaning. As a result, they switch their own native language elements with foreign language elements. In addition, those statements above are going to be explored whether or not code-switching exists and it is appropriate in use to the prevailing rules. Finally, based on the phenomenon above, the writer would like to focus on code-switching that exist in sport tabloids. He would try to investigate the types of code-switching, the possible reasons for code-switching and the implications of code- switching toward English education as long as there are a lot of English code- switching cases may be discovered in Indonesian sport tabloids.

B. Problem Formulation