EKOLOGI sp. cubense from Indonesia

91 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Abstract The proposed research seeks to continue long-term research at Gunung Palung National Park regarding how spatial and temporal variation in plant productivity afects populations of Bornean rainforest primates. Long-term research on gibbons and leaf monkeys has indicated that several key measures of demographic success e.g., density, group size, reproductive success are strongly determined by spatial and temporal variation in food availability across the tropical forest landscape found at this study site. The results, however, suggest that the manner in which the two primate species are afected by this variation is strikingly diferent. The objective of the proposed research is continue collection of data that will be used to test eight hypotheses designed to improve our understanding of how landscape- level variation in habitat quality and seasonality of fruit production impact the population ecology of white-bearded gibbons and red leaf monkeys. The goal is to obtain a deeper understanding of the underlying ecological principles limiting primate population dynamics, and understand inter-speciic variation in response to landscape-scale and seasonal variation in plant productivity. E.2.1. Ms. Sarah Marie Jafe Warga Negara Nationality : AmerikaSerikat Jabatan Position : Researcher Institusi Institution : University of California, Davis Email email : sarahmjafegmail.com Alamat Address : 1905 Northwest 29 th Avenue Apartement 216 Portland, OR 97210, USA E.3. Responses to environmental change in the Segara Anakan Lagoon, Central Java Tujuan Penelitian : Memperoleh pemahaman lebih mendalam tentang usaha restorasi gambut di Segara Anakan Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 11 sebelas bulan, mulai 15 Desember 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : DKI Jakarta, Jawa Tengah Cilacap, Semarang Mitra Kerja : Universitas Gajah Mada Prof. Dr. rer. Nat. Muh Aris Marfai, M.Sc. 92 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Abstract The Segara Anakan Lagoon on the south coast of Java is an example of a mangrove ecosystem under pressure. The situation in the lagoon is complicated by rapid environmental change resulting from the accumulation of sediment in the lagoon over recent decades. In this context, the research aims at a social-scientiic analysis of mangrove rehabilitation eforts and other local responses to environmental change in the Segara Anakan Lagoon. It will do this within the context of exploring the challenges and opportunities of PES mechanisms to link diverse stakeholders in eforts to sustainably manage mangrove areas and contribute to watershed conservation. E.3.1. Ms. Johanna Jill Heyde Warga Negara Nationality : Kanada Jabatan Position : Junior Researcher Institusi Institution : University of Bremen Email email : heydeuni-bremen.de Alamat Address : Moltkestr. 18 24937 FlensburgGermany E.4. Biomass Dynamics of Tropical Forests in East Kalimantan Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Mempelajari perubahan biomassa tanah di Kalimantan Timur Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 6 enam bulan, mulai 1 Desember 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kalimantan Timur Hutan Lindung Sungai Wain, Balikpapan Mitra Kerja : Universitas Mulawarman Dr. Bernaulus Saragih 93 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Abstract Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and understanding how tropical forests and carbon stored in their biomass have been responding to changing environmental drivers is an area increasing steadily in importance. Substantial global analyses now revealed that forests in in Amazonia and the tropical Africa underwent accelerated tree growth and changes in dynamics in the 1980s and 1990s, acting as a net sink. The substantial yet rapidly shrinking area of primary forests remaining in Southeast Asia lack systematic analysis to test their carbon balance. This represents an urgent research need. During our previous research project entitled “Biomass Dynamics of Tropical Forests in Indonesia” as part of a Southeast Asian research campaign, we collected important datasets from Central Kalimantan and Central Sulawesi. These data combined with our concurrent projects in Sarawak and Sabah Malaysia as well as Brunei, have provided us a growing dataset on Borneo, which indicates an overall increasing carbon stock in primaryold-growth lowland rainforests, consistent with evidences from South America and Africa. Yet some important areas of Bornean forests still need to be represented in long-term monitoring, particularly in East Kalimantan. Further at regional scale, the Wallacea is one of the least studied ecoregions of Southeast Asia, motivating great research interest. We will conduct a systematic re-census of existing permanent plots at both proposed study sites: 1 Sungai Wain Protected Forest, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan. Our objectives are: a determine what changes in above ground biomass are occurring in both sites; b combined with other long-term plot data we have collected across Southeast Asia, identify potential drivers behind these changes. Together with other long-term studies by our team at University of Leeds in South America and Africa, they will enable us to conduct cross continental comparisons, and answer overarching questions such as whether the world’s tropical forests are continuing to act as an important carbon sink, and what global and regional drivers are behind the changes occurring in these forests. E.4.1. Ms. Lan Qie Warga Negara Nationality : RRT Jabatan Position : Postdoc Fellow Institusi Institution : University of Leeds, UK 94 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Email email : qie.langmail.com Alamat Address : School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JTUK E.5. Investigating Tropical Peat-Swamp Forest Structure, Composition and Phenology in Sabangau, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Mendokumentasikan struktur dan komposisi hutan di hutan rawa Sebangau Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 1 Desember 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kalimantan Tengah Sebangau Mitra Kerja : Universitas Palangka Raya Idrus dan Feteria Darma, Shut Abstract Understanding the structure, composition and phenology of tropical forests is important, both for interpreting the impact of human activities on forest ecosystems; plus for interpreting community composition, population abundance, behaviour and impacts of human disturbance on forest fauna. I aim to document forest structure, composition and phenology in the peat-swamp forests of Sabangau, Central Kalimantan, in order to advance our understanding in these areas. E.5.1. Ms. Jennifer Elaine Hacking Warga Negara Nationality : Kanada Jabatan Position : Researcher Institusi Institution : Orangutan Tropical Peatland Project Email email : Jenniehackinggmail.com Alamat Address : 3493 Sanderling Crescent Mississauga, Ontario L5L 3P4 Canada 95 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.6. Identifying ine scale habitat use and landscape connectivity of tigers in a central Sumatran landscape Tujuan Penelitian : Mengidentiikasi hubungan antara skala habitat yang dapat digunakan dengan baik oleh harimau Sumatera dengan konektiitas lanskap Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 20 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Riau Indragiri Hilir, Indragiri Hulu, Kampar, Kuantan Singingi Pelalawan, Rokan Hulu, Siak, dan Pekanbaru Mitra Kerja : Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Muhammad Ali Imron Abstract The Asia Development Bank estimates 750 trillion will be spent in Southeast Asia within the next decade. As roads, railroads, dams, mines and towns continue to fragment habitat, the overall decrease in natural areas and the increased distance between these habitat patches will lead to reduced carnivore presence. Preserving connectivity – physical and genetic - between habitat patches is one of the most important factors in conserving endangered carnivore species such as tiger. The Sumatran tiger resides within approximately 88,000 km2 of fragmented natural habitat. Although plantations and settlements are increasingly encroaching on natural areas, tiger use of non-natural areas remains largely unknown. Identifying which areas of plantations tigers use, and why, could help reduce the number of human-tiger encounters and human-tiger conlict related mortalities, and allow plantation managers to plan strategic and rotational ‘tiger friendly’ areas of plantations. The goal of this project is to conduct a preliminary assessment of the extent of connectivity and habitat use of central Sumatran tiger populations. To determine habitat use, we will use foot holds andor box traps to trap tigers and African Wildlife Tracking GPS collars to collect ine-scale movement data. Scat will be collected and analyzed to quantify any genetic connectivity between tiger populations in central Sumatra. We will also model land cover change and quantify tiger habitat change using diferent development scenarios. The indings of this study will provide us with powerful knowledge critical to keeping the growing human population safe while developing a management plan to increase the central Sumatran tiger population. 96 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.6.1. Ms. Erin Elizabeth Poor Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : PhD Candidate Institusi Institution : Virginia Tech Email email : poorerin2gmail.com Alamat Address : 625 Colhoun St. NE Christiansburg, VA 24073United States E.7. Distribution and ecology of the invasive Neotropical tree, Bellucia pentamera Melastomataceae, at Gunung Palung National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Memetakan distribusi terkini B. pentamera di berbagai habitat di Taman Nasional Gunung Palung Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 7 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kalimantan Barat Sukadana, Kayong Utara Mitra Kerja : Fakultas MIPA Universitas Tanjungpura Irwan Lovadi, M.App.Sc Abstract The proposed project will continue previous work on the invasion of the small Neotropical tree, Bellucia pentamera Melastomataceae, introduced from Latin America into Southeast Asia roughly 50 years ago. Within its native range, this light demanding pioneer species is commonly found in disturbed forest patches, however, in Indonesia it has been able to form dense monodominant stands and successfully recruit in shaded, primary forest habitats as well. This is not surprising considering this plant has a very diverse native range and is therefore likely capable of invading many diferent ecosystems of Southeast Asia. Continuing on with a systematic survey of B. pentamera within Gunung Palung National Park is therefore highly important. The primary goals of this project therefore include: 1 to map the current distribution of B. pentamera across the wide range of habitats at Gunung 97 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Palung National Park, 2 to understand the natural history of B. pentamera relative to native plants, and 3 to develop approaches to combat the spread of this invasive plant. Previous work has begun to address some of these goals, but there is a need for additional work on this topic. E.7.1. Mr. Christopher Ronald Dillis Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Graduate Student Institusi Institution : University of California-Davis Email email : cdillisucdavis.edu Alamat Address : UC-Davis, One Shields Avenue Davis, California 95616United States of America E.8. Conservation Campaigns and Phenology in Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Mempelajari kampanye konservasi untuk merubah perilaku, dan melakukan observasi ilmiah tentang fenologi yang dapat meningkatkan konservasi Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 3 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kaltim TN Kutai, Bali Sumber Klampok, Bali Barat, Jateng TN. Karimunjawa Mitra Kerja : Universitas Mulawarman Fakultas Kehutanan Dr. Abubakar Lahjie Abstract This project is funded by the United States Agency for International Development to examine conservation campaigns to change behavior and to make scentiic observations about phenology that can lead to knowledge that enhances conservation. This two part project irst requires the installation of cameras to take pictures of trees and other plants, and second, to work with national park oices to locate spaces for these cameras and to develop conservation action plans, including workshops and local collaborations. 98 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.8.1. Prof. Stacey Kathryn Sowards Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Chair, Department of Communication Institusi Institution : University of Texas at El Paso Email email : ssowardsutep.edu Alamat Address : Department of CommunicationCotton Memorial, 202 500 W. University Ave. El Paso, TX 79968 USA E.9. Efects of environmental change on invertebrate biodiversity and population dynamics with emphasis on important mangrove resources Tujuan Penelitian : Melacak perubahan dalam keanekaragaman dan pola komunitas invertebrata dan vegetasi mangrove dalam kaitannya dengan kondisi lingkungan di SAL Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 22 September 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Jawa Tengah Purwokerto, Kab. Banyumas; Cilacap, Kab. Cilacap Kalimantan Timur Pulau Derawan, Kab. Berau Mitra Kerja : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Dr. Moh. Husein Sastranegara Abstract Biodiversity is highly at risk in tropical mangrove ecosystems where high population density, industrialization, habitat degradation and exploitation of natural resources co-occur. Previous studies on benthic communities in the Segara Anakan Lagoon SAL recorded a high species number despite the various human impacts. However, efects of anthropogenic disturbances were visible in the community structure and the spreading of highly adaptable plant and invertebrate species. As large-scale deforestation is increasing, we hypothesize that this will be followed by an increase of uniform swamp sites and a decrease of microhabitats, resulting in a decline of biodiversity. This can be followed by a decrease of ecosystem functions, if the functional role of depleted species cannot be achieved by other ones. 99 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 This study aims to track changes in diversity and community patterns of invertebrates and mangrove vegetation in relation to environmental conditions in the SAL by comparing data from 2012-2014 with those from 2004-2006. This allows to investigate the impact of habitat changes on biodiversity over a decade for the irst time and to diferentiate between natural and human-induced changes, which is impossible with short-term studies. The value of such a study will be greatly enhanced by including a potentially less impacted site in order to gain “baseline values” for Indonesian mangroves for the irst time. This subproject aims to compare invertebrate and tree diversity in mangroves of SAL with that of a low-impacted reference site in Berau, East Kalimantan, having a potential similar biodiversity regarding its geographical location. Data gained at such a reference site allow to evaluate the situation in SA and other mangrove forests in SE-Asia subjected to habitat degradation. The study will particular focus on economically important invertebrates crabs, mollusks, both at SAL where ishing intensity and habitat degradation is high and at the reference site where human inluences are signiicantly lower. In order to understand how the populations of economically important species have changed over time investigations will combine biological and socio-economic studies in cooperation with other SPICE scientists. The impact of human use patterns, techniques and intensity on the populations of ished species will be assessed. These investigations will provide the data base to evaluate the future development of these species and thus the resource potential of the ecosystem. This will be complemented by studies on the functional roles of invertebrates which is a precondition to assess the consequences of reduced populations for ecosystem functioning. The in-depth understanding of cause-efect relationships is a prerequisite for the preservation of biodiversity and related functions in mangrove forests and the development of management strategies for the sustainable use of their resources. E.9.1. Ms. Inga Ulrike Hertha Nordhaus Warga Negara Nationality : Jerman Jabatan Position : Researcher Institusi Institution : Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology ZMT Email email : inga.nordhauszmt-bremen.de 100 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 AlamatAddress : Fahrenheitstrasse 6 28359 Bremen, Germany E.10. Health of rehabilitated and released orangutans Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii Tujuan Penelitian : Meneliti kesehatan orang utan yang sudah direhabilitasi dan dilepas kembali ke alam dengan mengambil sampel kotoran dan air seni Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi dan evolusi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 20 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Yogyakarta kursus Bahasa Indonesia; Kalimantan Tengah Nyaru Menteng Rehabilitation Center dan Hutan Lindung Bukit Batikap; Stasiun Penelitian Orang Utan Tuanan di Palangkaraya; dan DKI Jakarta Universitas Nasional Jakarta Mitra Kerja : Universitas Nasional Marlia Fajri Hatoyo, Ssi dan Ferina Rahim Abstract Rehabilitation and release programs are critical to the survival of endangered primates like orangutans. To date, no study has compared the health of released individuals to their wild counterparts. Using non-invasive methods urine and feces, I will investigate immuno-responsiveness, gastrointestinal parasites, and protein balance in rehabilitated and released Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii at Nyaru Menteng and Batikap in Central Kalimantan. I will compare my data with data from a long-term study of a wild orangutan population conducted by my advisor, Erin Vogel, at the Tuanan Research Station in Central Kalimantan. Protein, a limiting resource for orangutans, is required by all organisms to sustain body tissue. Obtaining suicient dietary protein has become diicult for orangutans as deforestation, plantation development, and unsustainable logging force them to compete for resources. Nitrogen N concentration has been used as a measure of protein and a correlation between dietary N and output in orangutan urine has been shown. Comparing N balance in released individuals with a wild population in a similar habitat will enable me to assess how released individuals 101 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 cope with periods of food scarcity. Dietary and emotional stress can lead to immuno-suppression, which can be measured through cytokine production. Anti- and pro-inlammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, sTNFR I and II, MCP-1 will be tested in urine because of their roles in numerous aspects of the immune response. Investigating cytokine levels will provide insights into how orangutans handle dietary, social, and physical stress and how that stress afects their ability to ight infections. Immuno-supression can leave individuals open to an array of diseases including parasitic infection. To date limited information about orangutan coprological parasites exists. Identifying common parasites that infect orangutans at Nyaru Menteng and Batikap will inform us about the transmission between orangutans and their human caregivers and hopefully provide more precise and individualized treatments. Three hypotheses will be tested: 1 due to poor nutrition, new arrivals at Nyaru Menteng will have the lowest concentration of urinary urea and and highest δ15 N values when compared with those of rehabilitated, released, and wild individuals; 2 efects of emotional, physical, and dietary stress will be characterized by higher levels of urinary cytokines in new arrivals and released individuals; and 3 new arrivals at Nyaru Menteng and the wild population at Tuanan will be infected with more genera of parasites and have higher fecal egg counts than those that are captive or newly released. This project will add to the small amount of data available about the health of rehabilitated and released orangutans. It is vital that we collect these data now as all captive orangutans in rehabilitation facilities are scheduled to be released by 2016 under an Indonesian government initiative. I will collect urine and fecal samples non-invasively at Nyaru Menteng and Batikap. In urine mass spectrophotometry will be used to ind and nitrogen stable isotopes and colorimetric assays will be run to determine urea and creatinine concentrations. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays will also be employed to quantify levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, sTNFR I and II, MCP-1 in urine. Direct fecal smears and the McMaster’s and Baermann’s Techniques will be used to identify parasites and quantify eggs per gram of stool. E.10.1. Ms. Elizabeth Fern Ballare Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Ph.D. Student 102 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Institusi Institution : Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Email email : BallareErci.rutgers.edu Alamat Address : Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Environmental and Natural Resources Building ENR Room 136B, 14 College Farm Road, 1st Floor New Brunswick, NJ, USA, 08901 E.11. Distribution and ecology of the invasive Neotropical tree, Bellucia pentamera Melastomataceae, at Gunung Palung National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Memetakan distribusi terkini B. pentamera di berbagai habitat di Taman Nasional Gunung Palung Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 7 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kalimantan Barat Sukadana, Kayong Utara Mitra Kerja : Fakultas MIPA Universitas Tanjungpura Irwan Lovadi, M.App.Sc Abstract The proposed project will continue previous work on the invasion of the small Neotropical tree, Bellucia pentamera Melastomataceae, introduced from Latin America into Southeast Asia roughly 50 years ago. Within its native range, this light demanding pioneer species is commonly found in disturbed forest patches, however, in Indonesia it has been able to form dense monodominant stands and successfully recruit in shaded, primary forest habitats as well. This is not surprising considering this plant has a very diverse native range and is therefore likely capable of invading many diferent ecosystems of Southeast Asia. Continuing on with a systematic survey of B. pentamera within Gunung Palung National Park is therefore highly important. The primary goals of this project therefore include: 1 to map the current distribution of B. pentamera across the wide range of habitats at Gunung Palung National Park, 2 to understand the natural history of B. pentamera relative to native plants, and 3 to develop approaches to combat the spread of this invasive plant. Previous work has begun to address some of these goals, but there is a need for additional work on this topic. 103 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.11.1. Mr. Christopher Ronald Dillis Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Graduate Student Institusi Institution : University of California-Davis Email email : cdillisucdavis.edu Alamat Address : UC-Davis One Shields Avenue Davis, California 95616United States of America E.12. Conservation Campaigns and Phenology in Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Mempelajari kampanye konservasi untuk merubah perilaku, dan melakukan observasi ilmiah tentang fenologi yang dapat meningkatkan konservasi Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 3 Oktober 2014month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kaltim TN Kutai, Bali Sumber Klampok, Bali Barat, Jateng TN. Karimunjawa Mitra Kerja : Universitas Mulawarman Fakultas Kehutanan Dr. Abubakar Lahjie Abstract This project is funded by the United States Agency for International Development to examine conservation campaigns to change behavior and to make scentiic observations about phenology that can lead to knowledge that enhances conservation. This two part project irst requires the installation of cameras to take pictures of trees and other plants, and second, to work with national park oices to locate spaces for these cameras and to develop conservation action plans, including workshops and local collaborations. 104 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.12.1. Prof. Stacey Kathryn Sowards Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Chair, Department of Communication InstitusiInstitution : University of Texas at El Paso Emailemail : ssowardsutep.edu AlamatAddress : Department of CommunicationCotton Memorial, 202-500 W. University Ave. El Paso, TX 79968 USA E.13. Efects of environmental change on invertebrate biodiversity and population dynamics with emphasis on important mangrove resources Tujuan Penelitian : Melacak perubahan dalam keanekaragaman dan pola komunitas invertebrata dan vegetasi mangrove dalam kaitannya dengan kondisi lingkungan di SAL Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 22 September 2014month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Jawa Tengah Purwokerto, Kab. Banyumas; Cilacap, Kab. Cilacap Kalimantan Timur Pulau Derawan, Kab. Berau Mitra Kerja : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Dr. Moh. Husein Sastranegara Abstract Biodiversity is highly at risk in tropical mangrove ecosystems where high population density, industrialization, habitat degradation and exploitation of natural resources co-occur. Previous studies on benthic communities in the Segara Anakan Lagoon SAL recorded a high species number despite the various human impacts. However, efects of anthropogenic disturbances were visible in the community structure and the spreading of highly adaptable plant and invertebrate species. As large-scale deforestation is increasing, we hypothesize that this will be followed by an increase of uniform swamp sites and a decrease of microhabitats, resulting in a decline of biodiversity. This can be followed by a decrease of ecosystem functions, if the functional role of depleted species cannot be achieved by other ones. 105 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 This study aims to track changes in diversity and community patterns of invertebrates and mangrove vegetation in relation to environmental conditions in the SAL by comparing data from 2012-2014 with those from 2004-2006. This allows to investigate the impact of habitat changes on biodiversity over a decade for the irst time and to diferentiate between natural and human-induced changes, which is impossible with short-term studies. The value of such a study will be greatly enhanced by including a potentially less impacted site in order to gain “baseline values” for Indonesian mangroves for the irst time. This subproject aims to compare invertebrate and tree diversity in mangroves of SAL with that of a low-impacted reference site in Berau, East Kalimantan, having a potential similar biodiversity regarding its geographical location. Data gained at such a reference site allow to evaluate the situation in SA and other mangrove forests in SE-Asia subjected to habitat degradation. The study will particular focus on economically important invertebrates crabs, mollusks, both at SAL where ishing intensity and habitat degradation is high and at the reference site where human inluences are signiicantly lower. In order to understand how the populations of economically important species have changed over time investigations will combine biological and socio-economic studies in cooperation with other SPICE scientists. The impact of human use patterns, techniques and intensity on the populations of ished species will be assessed. These investigations will provide the data base to evaluate the future development of these species and thus the resource potential of the ecosystem. This will be complemented by studies on the functional roles of invertebrates which is a precondition to assess the consequences of reduced populations for ecosystem functioning. The in-depth understanding of cause-efect relationships is a prerequisite for the preservation of biodiversity and related functions in mangrove forests and the development of management strategies for the sustainable use of their resources. E.13.1. Ms. Inga Ulrike Hertha Nordhaus Warga Negara Nationality : Jerman Jabatan Position : Researcher Institusi Institution : Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology ZMT Email email : inga.nordhauszmt-bremen.de 106 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Alamat Address : Fahrenheitstrasse 6 28359 Bremen Bremen, Germany E.14. Field research on the carbon balance of tropical peat ecosystems in Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Meneliti dinamika peleoasan karbon di hutan gambut tropis dengan menggunakan data lapangan Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 8 September 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kalteng Palangka Raya Mitra Kerja : CIMTROP UNPAR Dr. Suwido Limin, MS Abstract Tropical peatlands, which coexist with swamp forests, have accumulated a vast amount of carbon as soil organic matter. However, large areas of the tropical peatlands are undergoing degradation mainly because of anthropogenic disturbances due to deforestation, ire and land-use change with drainage into farmland, palm plantation etc., which potentially accelerate peat decomposition into CO2. Our study addresses the environmental issue related to CO2 emissions by assessing the carbon dynamics of the tropical peatlands mainly in Central Kalimantan using ield data of CO2 lux CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and ecosystems. The principal aims of this study are to assess the carbon dynamics in the tropical peatlands using ield data, quantify the efects of the anthropogenic disturbances and climate change on the carbon balance of the tropical peatland ecosystems and predict the carbon balance of the tropical peatlands of Southeast Asia in the future under serious human pressures using a terrestrial biosphere model parameterized with ield data. G.14.1. Mr. Takashi Hirano Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Professor 107 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Institusi Institution : Hokkaido University Email email : hiranoenv.agr.hokudai.ac.jp AlamatAddress : Hokkaido University Kita 8, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0808, Hokkaido, Japan E.15. Impact of deforestation and land-use change on mangrove tree diversity, community composition and habitat complexity Tujuan Penelitian : Mempelajarai dampak dari deforestasi dan perubahan penggunaan lahan pada keragaman tanaman bakau, komposisi komunitas dan kompleksitas habitat di Segara Anakan Lagoon di Jawa SAL, Indonesia Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi bakau Lama Penelitian : 7 tujuh bulan, mulai 22 September 2014month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Jawa Tengah Segara Anakan Lagoon Mitra Kerja : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Suprayogi, PhD Abstract The aim of the study is to determine the impact of deforestation and land use change on mangrove tree diversity, community composition and habitat complexity in the Segara Anakan Lagoon in Java SAL, Indonesia. Therefore diferent sites will be studied deforestrated areas, reforestrated areas and mixed mangrove stands. The mangrove vegetation of 12 sampling sites will be determined along a transect within the mangrove forest. Tree species, vegetation cover, tree and seedling height and tree diameter at breast height DBH will be quantiied. The Stand Basal Area SBA and the Shannon index including density, basal area and frequency of each species will be used as measure for tree species diversity and the species importance value IV for the structural importance of a tree species within a stand. The vegetation data will be compared with those from 20052006 in order to track habitat changes. The geographic information system GIS will be used to combine satellite images and spatial data. Spatial patterns will be linked to those of diversity of macrobenthic invertebrates and to abiotic water and sediment conditions. 108 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.15.1. Ms. Marijana Toben Warga Negara Nationality : Jerman Jabatan Position : Student Institusi Institution : Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology GmbH Email email : marijana.tobenuni-oldenburg.de Alamat Address : Hemmstraße 343 b 28215 Bremen Germany E.16. Impact of deforestation and land-use change on mangrove tree diversity, community composition and habitat complexity Tujuan Penelitian Mempelajarai dampak dari deforestasi dan perubahan penggunaan lahan pada keragaman tanaman bakau, komposisi komunitas dan kompleksitas habitat di Segara Anakan Lagoon di Jawa SAL, Indonesia Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi bakau Lama Penelitian : 7 tujuh bulan, mulai 22 September 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Jawa Tengah Segara Anakan Lagoon Mitra Kerja : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Suprayogi, PhD Abstract The aim of the study is to determine the impact of deforestation and land use change on mangrove tree diversity, community composition and habitat complexity in the Segara Anakan Lagoon in Java SAL, Indonesia. Therefore diferent sites will be studied deforestrated areas, reforestrated areas and mixed mangrove stands. The mangrove vegetation of 12 sampling sites will be determined along a transect within the mangrove forest. Tree species, vegetation cover, tree and seedling height and tree diameter at breast height DBH will be quantiied. The Stand Basal Area SBA and the Shannon index including density, basal area and frequency of each species will be used as measure for tree species diversity and the species importance value IV for the structural importance of a tree species within a stand. The vegetation data will be compared with those from 20052006 in order to track 109 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 habitat changes. The geographic information system GIS will be used to combine satellite images and spatial data. Spatial patterns will be linked to those of diversity of macrobenthic invertebrates and to abiotic water and sediment conditions. E.16.1. Ms. Marijana Toben Warga Negara Nationality : Jerman Jabatan Position : Student Institusi Institution : Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology GmbH Email email : marijana.tobenuni-oldenburg.de Alamat Address : Hemmstraße 343 b 28215 Bremen Germany E.17. Benthic Records of Marine Environment, Climate, and Ecosystem in the Eastern Indian Ocean since the Last Deglaciation BENTHIC Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk pengambilan data primer sampel sedimen laut dalam, material tersuspensi pada air laut dan organisme bentik yang dianggap mewakili sebagai proxy kondisi lingkungan masa lampau paleoenvirontment Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Laut Lama Penelitian : 25dua puluh lima hari, mulai 3 Desember 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Perairan Barat Sumatera Mitra Kerja : Puslitbang Sumberdaya Laut dan Pesisir, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Rainer Arief Troa, M.Si Abstract Kegiatan BENTHIC di Indonesia merupakan bentuk promosi kerjasama riset baru dalam rangkaian implementasi kerjasama riset antara Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kelautan dan Perikanan Badan Litbang KP, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan KKP Republik Indonesia dengan First Institute of OceanographyFIO, State Oceanic Administration SOA Republik Rakyat China 110 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 berdasarkan dokumen Implementation of ArrangementIA dari Indonesia China Center for Ocean ClimateICCOC. ICCOC sendiri adalah salah satu program yang terdaftar di Lampiran II PERPRES No. 61 Tahun 2011 di dalam Matriks Kegiatan Pendukung Rencana Aksi Nasional Penurunan Emisi Gas Ruma Kaca RAN-GRK. Fenomena iklim kelautan dan perubahan lingkungan global menjadi perhatian tersendiri pada saat sekarang karena cukup mempengaruhi kehidupan manusia. Di lain pihak, Indonesia memiliki banyak keterbatasan untuk melakukan riset kelautan secara mandiri sehingga kerjasama riset dengan mitra peneliti dari negara lain dirasakan sangat membantu baik dari sisi penguatan substansi ataupun dalam hal penggunaan fasilitas dan sarana laboratorium untuk melakukan analisis data. Dalam kerjasama riset BENTHIC, selain peneliti dari Puslitbang Sumberdaya Laut dan Pesisir P3SDLP-Badan Litbang KP juga akan dilibatkan peneliti dari Puslitbang Geologi Kelautan P3GL, Badan Litbang ESDM-Kementerian ESDM dan Puslit Geoteknologi-LIPI. Hal ini dilakukan agar manfaat kerjasama riset dengan mitra asing dapat terjaring secara luas, sehingga dapat mencapaipenguatan kapasitas kelembagaan riset kelautan dalam negeri melalui kolaborasi riset secarakontinyu dan terpadu. Kegiatan pelayaran ilmiah BENTHIC 2014 berlokasi di Kawasan Samudera Hindia Perairan Barat Sumetera akan menggunakan K.R. Geomarin III milik P3GL, memfokuskan pada pengambilan data primer sampel sedimen laut dalam, material tersuspensi pada air laut dan organisme bentik yang dianggap mewakili sebagai proxy kondisi lingkungan masa lampau paleoenvirontment. Disamping itu dilakukan pula pengukuran parameter massa air laut seperti konduktivitas, suhu dan densitas pada lapisan kedalaman tertentu hingga mencapai maksimal kedalaman 500 meter. Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk memahami proses sedimentasi lingkungan laut dalam, mengidentifkasi keberagaman organisme bentik dikaitkan dengan perubahan lingkungan, serta untuk melakukan studi lingkungan dan produktivitas lampau paleoenvirontment danpaleoproductivity. Lingkungan laut dalam merupakan tempat berlangsungnya proses upwelling, monsoon, geodinamika dan tektonik aktif sejak rentang waktu geologi jutaan tahun lalu dan terus berlangsung hingga saat ini yang terekam pada lingkungan sedimen laut dalam dan organisme bentik yang tersimpan sebagai informasi sejarah kebumian yang dapat menjelaskan keseluruhan proses yang terjadi. Diharapkan dari hasil riset akan menambah pemahaman kita terhadap proses perubahan iklim dari rentang waktu jutaan tahun lalu hingga kondisi sekarang, untuk adaptasi yang lebih baik bagi kehidupan manusia dan kelestarian sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan. 111 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Kata kunci: BENTHIC, kerjasama riset, laut dalam, fenomena iklim kelautan, perubahan lingkungan, kelestarian sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan. E.17.1. Mr. Shi Fengdeng Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : shifengdengio.org.cn AlamatAddress : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.2. Mr. Tang Zheng Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : tangzhengio.org.cn AlamatAddress : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.3. Mr. Tengfei Xu Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : xutengfeiio.org.cn AlamatAddress : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.4. Mr. Wang Zongxing Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : zongxingwangio.org.cn Alamat Address : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China 112 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.17.5. Mr. Yang Gang Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : yanggangio.org.cn Alamat Address : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.6. Mr. Hu Limin Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : huliminio.org.cn Alamat Address : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.7. Mr. Yu Yonggui Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : yuyongguiio.org.cn Alamat Address : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.8. Mr. Xu Taoyu Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : xuty1982io.org.cn Alamat Address : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China 113 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 E.17.9. Mr. Fang Xisheng Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : fangxsio.org.cn AlamatAddress : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.10. Mr. Wang Kunshan Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : kunshwangio.org.cn Alamat Address : 6 Road Xian-Xia-Ling, Qingdao 266061, China E.17.11. Mr. Liu Shengfa Warga Negara Nationality : China Jabatan Position : Senior Scientist Institusi Institution : First Institute of Oceanography FIO Email email : liushengfaio.org.cn Alamat Address : No. 6 Xianxialing Road, High Science and technology Industrial District G.18. Understanding the REDD+ Process in Indonesia : Local Challenges and Opportunities Tujuan Penelitian : Memahami tantangan dan peluang dalam implementasi Program REDD+ di Indonesia Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 6 enam bulan, mulai 1 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Yogyakarta Gunung Kidul, Kalimantan Barat Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Tengah Kabupaten 114 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Seruyan, Kalimantan Timur Kabupaten Kutai Barat, Jambi Sarolangun,Sumatra Selatan KabupatenMusiBanyuasi, dan Sulawesi Barat KabupatenMamuju Mitra Kerja : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik - Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Dr. Achmad Nurmadi, M.Sc EXT 6 Understanding the REDD+ Process in Indonesia: Local Challenges and Opportunities Ashley Marie Enrici Objective The objective of my research is to enhance understanding of the opportunities and challenges to REDD+ implementation in Indonesia. In particular, my work will consider the well-being of forest communities in Indonesia, stakeholder dynamics, and provide information that will facilitate successful implementation of the REDD+ program for the country of Indonesia. Background Tropical forests are essential in the global carbon and hydrological cycles, and for the welfare of communities that depend on forest ecosystems for livelihood and revenue. Indonesia currently has the world’s third largest tropical forest and the second highest rate of tropical deforestation IRTF 2012. Over 70 percent of Indonesia still has forest cover, though by some estimates without intervention these forests will be gone by 2050ICSCFPGC 2012. This rate of deforestation is a result of the recent boom in mining, agriculture, and timber - all of which frequently occur in areas of Indonesia historically occupied by tropical forests. In recent years the United Nations has introduced the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation REDD program, a global endeavor that aims to reduce deforestation and thus emissions in countries such as Indonesia. The main premise is to ofer incentives that will make conservation of these forests economically viable and desirable. REDD+ is a more recent evolution of the REDD program and includes considerations beyond emissions reduction, including environmental and socioeconomic beneits. Speciications of REDD+ are still being designed, and questions remain regarding the role of and impact on stakeholders particularly at the local level where stakeholders are vulnerable and REDD+ implementation will ultimately occur. The aim of my research is to inform 115 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 this issue for the beneit of local forest communities and the larger REDD+ program in Indonesia using literature review, stakeholder interviews and case studies to compare and contrast the opportunities, challenges and goals of stakeholders in Indonesia that are involved in REDD+. I will be ailiated with and supported in my research by Dr. AchmadNurmandi and the JusufKalla School of Governmentat UniversitasMuhammadiyah Yogyakarta UMY, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. E.18.1. Ms. Ashley Marie Enrici Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Ph.D Student Institusi Institution : University of Maryland Emai lemail : enriciamgmail.com Alamat Address : 2181 LeFrak Hall- College Park, Maryland 20742 E.19. Emission factors from Peat Fires in Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi emisi carbon dalam kebakaran hutan gambut tropis Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 23 September 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Riau dan Kalteng Mitra Kerja : Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Oka Karyanto Emission factors from Peat Fires in Indonesia During the main burning season in August - September - October we will closely monitor ire activity using MODIS satellite data. We will visit sites where ires are burning actively and when the weather forecast is favorable for ire conditions. At the site, we will record carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide concentrations at diferent levels above the ires as well as downwind of the ires. The ratio between these two is not well known for peat ires but is required to better constrain absolute emissions. We aim to measure this ratio at a number of sites and understand their spatial variability. To explain this variability we will measure windspeed, relative humidity, temperature, drainage depth, peat characteristics, and peat moisture content 116 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 at diferent depths. Using multiple linear regression we hope to disentangle the drivers of the diferences in ratio between carbon monoxide and dioxide. VU Amsterdam is responsible for providing equipment and will pay expenses and daily allowances during ieldwork. UGM will help with data collection and interpretation. Forthcoming publications will be co-authored by people from both institutes and data will be made publicly available. E.19.1. Dr. Guido Remigia Van Der Werf Warga Negara Nationality : Belanda Jabatan Position : Associate Professor Institusi Institution : VU University Amsterdam Email email : guido.vander.werfvu.nl Alamat Address : FALW, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands

E. 20. Research to Support Conservation in the Tropical Forest of Kalimantan

Tujuan Penelitian : Bertujuan menyediakan data untuk mendukung upaya konservasi di wilayah hutan bernilai konservasi tinggi High Conservation Value di Kalimantan, Indonesia Bidang Penelitian : Ekologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 27 Januari 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Kalteng Lab. Alam Gambut Sebangau, Stasiun Penelitian Kalampangan, Baronang Dua, Bawan, TN Bukit Baka Bukit Raya, Gn. Lumut, Kalaweit Hampapak, Hutan Katingan-Mentaya, Mungku Baru, Murung Raya Mitra Kerja : CIMTROP Universitas Palangkaraya Salahudin, Abdul Azis 117 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 EXT 2 “Research to Support Conservation in the Tropical Forest of Kalimantan” Rebecca E. Armson The health of individuals and the health of ecosystems are inextricably linked. Thus understanding the factors afecting the health and survival of individuals is an important component of determining the underlying health and resilience of the environment The health of both individuals and ecosystems are dependent on homeostasis: the balancing, through continuous interaction and feedback, of the myriad dynamic processes that comprise the integrated system. Various internal and external stressors can have profound adverse efects on system health and the ability to militate against these is dependent on our understanding not just of the nature of these stressors but also on how they interact with the systems as a whole. One key component in the health of individuals, species and ecosystems are the parasites. On an individual level parasites can exert an enormous stress on health and viability, draining away valuable energy gained from hard-earned foodstufs and adversely afecting many vital systems from immunity to other infections to reproductive success. This is of particular importance with orangutans which are already at the upper range of viability with respect to the size-energy continuum able to be supported by their tropical rainforest habitat. This makes orangutans an important indicator species as they are very quick to feel the efects of ecosystem disruption that would take longer to become apparent in less susceptible species. The debilitating efects of parasites are exacerbated in populations under stress and those with small population size and low genetic diversity. Whilst orangutans do sufer from small, and rapidly declining, population sizes, their genetic diversity is only beginning to be studied. Recent work has uncovered some of the extent of genetic diversity in the two orangutan species but much more work needs to be done in order to understand the full range and unravel population structures and geographic variation in order to inform conservation eforts. The importance of host-parasite interactions in shaping ecosystems and individual species is shown by the profound efect on the evolution of both hosts and parasites. The evolutionary “arms race” between parasites and their hosts is an important driver in the evolution of both and understanding their recent evolution will deepen our understanding of population structure and potential future responses as well as extinction risk.