7. Distribution, Habitat Use, and Conservation of the Critically

61 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 turtles will be assessed in regard to their proximity to protected areas of Indonesia. We will survey local markets for specimens and interview ishermen to quantify the take of C. chitra. We will attempt to identify the primary areas utilized by females for nesting, and evaluate the potential need for increased protection of nest sites. Turtle conservation outreach and education in rural ishing villages of Sumatra will take place through visiting local schools, and using video footage and photographs of C. chitra and other turtles taken during ieldwork. Conservation recommendations will be shared with Indonesian non-proit Lembaga SatuCitu, and the Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Sumatran ieldwork on C. chitra will provide a foundation for us, and other conservation and management organizations, to build upon. C.7.1. Mr. Timothy Charles Lescher Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Individual Researcher Institusi Institution : - Email email : timlescherhotmail.com Alamat Address : 3370 Cosmil Circle C.8. Phylogeography of lying animals in Southeast Asia: population genetics of widespread species of lying foxes and butterlies in Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Melakukan studi ilogeograi molekuler pada dua taksa terbang: kupu-kupu dan kalong. Bidang Penelitian : Zoologi Lama Penelitian : 2 dua bulan, mulai 3 Maret 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Sumsel-Bengkulu-Sumbar TN Bukit Barisan Selatan, Sumbar Siberut dan Simeulue di Kep. Mentawai, Kep. Maluku Ambon, Buru, Obi, Halmahera, Kaltim S. Mahakam, Kalbar Ketapang, TN Gunung Palung, Sulsel Maros, Pangkep, Soppeng Mitra Kerja Counterpart : Puslit Biologi LIPI Sigit Wiantoro, M.Sc. 62 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 C.8.1. Ms. Susan Man Shu Tsang Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Ph.D. Candidate Institusi Institution : City University of New York Email email : susan.m.tsanggmail.com Alamat Address : 75 West End Avenue, Apt P11 C.9. Why are slow lorises venomous: ecology conservation of Javan slow lorises Tujuan Penelitian : Mempelajari konteks ekologis dan kegunaan racun pada kukang liar Bidang Penelitian : Zoologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 3 Februari 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Jabar Cipaganti Garut, Kawasan Hutan Gunung Papandayan termasuk wilayah cagar alam, Ciapus Bogor, Cikananga Sukabumi Mitra Kerja : Puslit Biologi LIPI Ir. Wirdateti, M.Si. Abstract Of humans’ closest relatives, only one primate – the nocturnal slow loris Nycticebus – is purportedly venomous. Despite reports of this extraordinary phenomenon 40 years ago, virtually nothing is known about how slow lorises use venom. The same time, all slow lorises are globally threatened. The Endangered Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus is furthermore included in the Top 25 Most Endangered Primates of the World. While habitat loss is important in these assessments, a major threat to slow lorises is the trade for pets and traditional medicine. My aims in this study are to follow up on data gathered by EJ Rode to understand the ecological context and use of venom in wild slow lorises. Up to twenty slow lorises will be observed in in Cipaganti, near Garut, in agroforests as well as kawasan hutan Gunung Papandayan, including cagar alam Papandayan and taman wisata alam Papandayan in Java, via radio-tracking in order to investigate general ecology and behaviour. I will in particular scrutinise feeding behaviour, predator-related behaviour, parent-ofspring behaviour, chemical behaviour and anointing. Observation of 63 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 ranging and space requirements will help to understand hypotheses regarding intraspeciic competition. Furthermore, the efect of forest quality and accessibility for hunters on the abundance of slow lorises around Cipaganti will be investigated by placing transects into forest areas that difer in their degree of disturbance and their distance from human settlement, roads and forest paths. Monthly surveys on markets and other retail areas will be done to assess which wild mammals species especially nocturnal mammals and primates are traded, numbers of animals and prices. I will continue training of the Indonesian ield team in Cipaganti. Results will be disseminated to local rescue and education centres, Indonesian authorities and the international primatology and conservation community. My supervisor Prof K-Anne Isola Nekaris and proposed counterpart Ibu Wirdateti have together more than 30 years’ experience in studying nocturnal primates which will ensure the quality of the project. C.9.1. Ms. Nanda Bess Grow Warga Negara Nationality : Amerika Serikat Jabatan Position : Postdoctoral Research Student Institusi Institution : Oxford Brookes University Email email : nanda.growgmail.com Alamat Address : Oxford Brookes University School of Social Sciences and Law, Headington Campus Gipsy Lane Oxford, OX30BP – UK C.10. Population characteristics and community perceptions of the endangered Javan warty pig Sus verrucosus blouchi on Bawean island and Java islands, Indonesia, and ex-situ behavioral research at the breeding facilities in Cikanaga Tujuan Penelitian : Melakukan proyek konservasi dan penelitian lapangan pertama pada babi berkutil Bawean Bidang Penelitian : Zoologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 22 Oktober 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Jawa Timur Pulau Bawean, Jawa Barat Sukabumi dan Banjar Mitra Kerja Counterpart : Puslit Biologi LIPI Dr. Gono Semiadi 64 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Abstract Population characteristics and community perceptions of the endangered Javan warty pig Sus verrucosus blouchi on Bawean island and Java islands, Indonesia, and ex-situ behavioral research at the breeding facilities in Cikanaga. The Bawean warty pig Sus blouchi is a species endemic to the island Bawean of the coast of East Java, Indonesia. Sus blouchi is still listed as a subspecies of the Endangered Javan warty pig on the IUCN Redlist. However, taxonomic researchers recently raised it to full species level within the Sus genus. A subsequent attempt to assess the status of S.v. blouchi by the IUCNSSC Wild Pig Specialist Group WPSG, resulted in a “Data Deicient” status, indicating the lack of knowledge available Meijaard et al., 2014. The main threats Bawean warty pigs is facing are habitat loss and hunting. Following the encroachment of agricultural land into forests, pigs forage on crops, and are subsequently hunted for pest control. The aim of this project is to conduct the irst conservation and research ield project on Bawean warty pigs, to lay the basis for an efective conservation planning and long term monitoring programme. The required baseline data will be acquired through collecting essential data on the population size, distribution, biology, ecology and taxonomy of the species by conducting line transect surveys and camera traps. Next to this, multiple surveys will be conducted in the Banjar area on mainland Java where Javan warty pigs are known to occur, to collect DNA material from mainland populations for genetic analysis and comparison to the Bawean warty pig. In mid-year a behavioural ecology study of the ex-situ population of Javan warty pigs will take place at the oicial Javan warty pig breeding programme at Cikananga rescue centre, Sukabumi, to compare ex- and in-situ behaviour and provide recommendations for improvement of captive husbandry. As local communities will play a signiicant role in the conservation of this species, we will also conduct interviews with local community members to investigate their perception of wild pigs based on social and economic aspects. These interviews will investigate the extend of crop-raiding and search for farmer-and pig friendly solutions. Furthermore, we will conduct continuous socialisation, awareness activities and education, for instance a local sports tournament, to gain rapport and support by the local communities. To support capacity building, we will provide employment, a stipend, and intensive training to local guides and a local student, 65 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 in order to support capacity building and the future generation of Indonesian conservationists. C.10.1 Mr. Mark Andreas Rademaker Warga Negara Nationality : Belanda Jabatan Position : Student Institusi Institution : Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences Email email : mark.rademakerwur.nl AlamatAddress : Annie Westlandstraat 21-3, 8923BC, Leeuwarden, Friesland, The Netherlands C.11. Genetic mechanisms of body color variation in the family Adrianichthyidae endemic to Sulawesi Tujuan Penelitian : Mempelajari gen penyebab pewarnaan tubuh pada setiap spesies di family Adrianichthyid di Sulawesi Bidang Penelitian : Zoologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 20 November 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Sulawesi Tenggara Kendari dan Pulau Muna, Sulawesi Selatan Area Danau Malili, Danau Towuti, Danau Matano, Danau Mahalona, Danau Lantoa, dan Danau Masapi Mitra Kerja : Pusat Penelitian Biologi LIPI Renny Kurnia Hadiaty Abstract Genetic mechanisms of body color variation in the family Adrianichthyidae endemic to Sulawesi Shingo Fujimoto dan tim anggota tim Kazunori Yamahira Fishes in the family Adrianichthyidae endemic to Sulawesi are known to be very diverse in body colorations, suggesting that the evolution of body colorations may have contributed to their species diversiications. However, it is presently unclear which genes are responsible for the body coloration of each species, and what genetic 66 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 changes have caused such a large variation in body colorations of this group. The aim of this study is to identify the genes responsible for the body coloration in each species of the family Adrianichthyid in Sulawesi, using QTL mappings, a method of genetics that can map genes responsible for a trait. We also measure light environments in the habitat of each species, using a spectrophotometer, to discuss the ecological background for the evolution of body coloration. Field collections and surveys will be conducted in 1 Kendari and surrounding areas, Sulawesi Tengarrah November-December 2014, 2 Malili Lakes area, Sulawesi Sulatan April-May 2015, and 3 Lake Poso, Sulawesi Tengah September-October 2015. C.11.1. Mr. Shingo Fujimoto Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Doctoral Student Institusi Institution : University of the Ryukyus Email email : k118603eve.u-ryukyu.ac.jp Alamat Address : Tropical Biosphere Research Center,Nishihara Station University of the Ryukyus Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan C.11.2. Mr. Koji Mochida Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Post-Doctoral Student Institusi Institution : University of the Ryukyus Email email : kj.mochidagmail.com Alamat Address : Tropical Biosphere Research Center, Nishihara Station University of the Ryukyus Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213,Japan C.11.3. Mr. Jun Kitano Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Project Associate Professor Institusi Institution : Ecological Genetics Laboratory Center for Frontier 67 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Research Email email : jkitanolab.nig.ac.jp Alamat Address : Ecological Genetics Laboratory, Center for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics,Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan C.11.4. Ms. Asano Ishikawa Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Post-Doctoral Student Institusi Institution : Ecological Genetics Laboratory, Center for Frontier Research Email email : asanoishikawagmail.com Alamat Address : Ecological Genetics Laboratory, Center for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics,Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan C.11.5. Mr. Kazunori Yamahira Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Head of Nishihara Station, Professor Institusi Institution : Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus Email email : yamahiralab.u-ryukyu.ac.jp Alamat Address : Tropical Biosphere Research Center, Nishihara Station University of the Ryukyus Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213,Japan C.12. Bird species distribution in relation to the zonation of the limestone forest in the Manusela National Park, Central Seram, The Moluccas, Indonesia Tujuan Penelitian : Melihat korelasi penyebaran spesies burung dengan zonasi spesies pohon dengan ketinggian serupa Bidang Penelitian : Zoologi dan Ekologi 68 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 Lama Penelitian : 4 empat bulan, mulai 11 November 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Maluku Taman Nasional Manusela, Seram, Jawa Barat Bogor Mitra Kerja : Universitas Pattimura Dr. M. Riadh Uluputty Abstract This research project will take place under CIRAD-CIFORs extensive four year project Collaborative land use planning and sustainable institutional arrangements for strengthening land tenure, forest and community rights in Indonesia CoLUPSIA- project. The overall objective of this project is to avoid deforestation and environmental degradation. One of the topics in this project is to make a irst step towards pro-poor inancing mechanisms. Possible markets for ecosystem services, such as carbon, water, biodiversity and scenic beauty, will be identiied. For this, baseline data about biodiversity and ecosystem services are necessary. In this research component of the project, we will focus on bird diversity in limestone forest and try to assess any altitudinal gradient in bird species composition from sea level to 1500 m asl. The main research question is: What are the quantitative diferences in bird species distribution between diferent elevation of primary forests on tropical limestone in Seram, Indonesia? It is hypothesized that some bird species specialize on restricted habitat and maybe are conined to speciic elevation range. It will interesting to compare it with the zonation of the tree species in the same area data on tree species and permanent plots already available. We expect that elevation inluences the distribution of some species in the forests, especially bird species that are more conined to under canopy layer or linked to particular tree species distribution. C.12.1. Ms. Magdalena Paulina Siemaszko Warga Negara Nationality : Polandia Jabatan Position : Student Institusi Institution : University of Warsaw Email email : magdalena.siemaszkostudent.uw.edu.pl Alamat Address : ul. Ptasia 260, 00-138 Warszawa, Poland 69 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 C.13. Biodiversity inventory of social insects in Indonesian Archipelago, mainly Indonesian social wasps and Javanese ants and termites Tujuan Penelitian : Melakukan klariikasi atas status keanekaragaman serangga di kepulauan Indonesia Bidang Penelitian : Zoologi Lama Penelitian : 2 dua bulan, mulai 11Agustus 2014 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Sulut Bitung, Tondano, Sulsel Maros, Pangkep, Gowa, Sultra Rawa Aopa, Konawe Selatan, Kolaka Mitra Kerja : Puslit Biologi LIPI Prof. Rosichon Ubaidillah, Dr. Cahyo Rahmadi, Hari Nugroho, S.Si., Wara Asiya, M.Sc., Oscar Efendy, M.Si. Abstract The present proposed research aims to clarify the current status of the biodiversity of social insects in the Indonesian Archipelago, of which most parts are considered biodiversity hot spots andor equivalents, by carrying out the below-mentioned research items. Expected results of the present proposed research will merit both Indonesia and Japan in 1 providing human societies with information necessary to understand importance of biodiversity for human life, 2 development of human resources working on researches of biodiversity and conservation biology, and 3 providing scientiic communities with a model case of rather small-scaled research on biodiversity in the tropics. 1 To make ield work in order to ill the gaps and to establish reference collections of social insects, mainly of vespid waspsand ants in the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense of the RCB - LIPI. 2 To publish taxonomic revisions for the social wasps in Indonesian Archipelago. 3 To publish faunal revision of ants in Java. 4 To publish a data-base of the species-level biodiversity inventory of social insects in Indonesia. 70 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 C.13.1. Dr. Fuki Morooka Warga Negara Nationality : Jepang Jabatan Position : Assistant Professor Institusi Institution : Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University Email email : morookamx.ibaraki.ac.jp; fsfsaitogmail.com AlamatAddress : Ohtsuka 1866-26-102, Mito, Ibaraki- Japan

D. PRIMATOLOGI

D.1. Testing the Cultural Intelligence Hypothesis in wild Orangutans Tujuan Penelitian : Menguji hipotesis tentang prediksi adanya kecerdasan budaya pada spesies primata non- manusia Bidang Penelitian : Primatologi Lama Penelitian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 1 Februari 2015 month, starting from Daerah Penelitian : Aceh Suaq Balimbing di TN Gunung Leuser, Kalteng Tuanan Mitra Kerja Counterpart : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Nasional Fitri Basalamah, M.Si Abstract The concept of general intelligence was developed for humans, but recent work demonstrating its existence in nonhuman primates suggests evolutionary continuity. The adaptive signiicance of general intelligence must lie in the set of learned skills it generates for its bearer, rather than in an abstract ability per se. The cultural intelligence hypothesis claims that the conditions for social learning during development afect how intelligent an individual can become, by afecting how many learned skills an individual can acquire. It also claims that on evolutionary timescales, these conditions afect selection of the underlying learning ability. Here, we plan to test the developmental version, especially the predictions i that animals in populations with more opportunities for social learning, and thus a greater repertoire of learned skills, should show greater intelligence problem- solving ability when tested, and ii that the increased learning ability is likely to 71 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2014 make the animals more exploratory and less novelty-averse. We intend to test these predictions by comparing wild orangutans on Borneo Tuanan research station, Kalimantan Tengah and Sumatra Suaq Balimbing research station, Aceh Selatan, which are known to difer widely in sociability and therefore opportunities for social learning and repertoires of cultural variants. As a control, in the course of other simultaneous projects orangutans of both species will be tested in rescue centers, where the social conditions are much more similar and constant proximity with conspeciics and humans should produce better opportunities for social learning. My project will focus on the wild orangutans whereas in a parallel project carried out by two other Students from the University of Zurich orangutans in rescue centers will be tested. We expect to ind i a pronounced diference in general intelligence in the wild and no or a much smaller one under captive social conditions, thus linking early conditions to the cognitive skill set of adults; and ii a pronounced diference between the captive and the wild populations, with captive ones having better current learning abilities. Importantly, we will simultaneously identify the responsible processes as much as possible. If the results emerge as predicted, this will bolster the idea that intelligence, innovation and culture as socially transmitted information are causally linked, and thus support the cultural intelligence hypothesis, the evolutionary version of which states that systematic diferences in the eiciency of learning across populations or species should lead to variable thresholds of selection on the innate learning ability due to the feedback on itness through the set of learned skills. Preliminary comparative tests so far provide irst support for this hypothesis. D.1.1 Mr. Eric Andrew Balke Warga Negara Nationality : Kanada Jabatan Position : Master Student Institusi Institution : Anthropological Institute of the University of Zurich Email email : ebalkegmail.com Alamat Address : 575 Milsom WyndDelta, BC V4M 2T6Canada Abstract The aim of this project ‘Testing the cultural intelligence hypothesis in wild orangutans” is to test the cultural intelligence hypothesis in orangutans. The