24 to answer. In a closed question interview, the interviewer read the question and
presented the participants with various alternative response options. This research conducted an interview twice; first, to answer the first
research question, the researcher interviewed 4 instructors and second, to get detail information toward the implementation of independent learning in Kumon
English Course , the researcher interviewed 5 students. The participants were free
to answer. The researcher used simple to make the participants understand and then answer the questions. The questions were in Indonesian because the
participants did not master in English. The first interview, the researcher interviewed 4 instructors in Kumon Jati
Mulyo to find out how independent learning was applied in Kumon English
Course. In table 3.1, the researcher made a blueprint of interview. This blueprint
was used to draw a line about what would researcher ask to the participants.
Table 3.1 Blueprint of Interview Form
Second interview was used to ensure and re check students’ responses in the
researcher employed open-ended questions. It was conducted after distributing questionnaires to verify the result of the questionnaire. In this section, the
researcher interviewed 5 students who had answered the questionnaire.
No. Questions
Descriptions
1. 1 to 6
These questions asked about how the implementation of independent learning in Kumon English Course
2. 7 to 8
These questions collected data about the instructors’ roles 3.
9 to 10 These questions collected data about parents’ roles
4. 11 to 12
These two questions asked about the advantages and disadvantages of independent learning for students
5. 13 to 15
These questions asked about the responses of the students about independent learning in Kumon English Course
25
2. Questionnaire
Accoring to Seliger and Shohamy 1998, questionnaire is a printed form of data collection, which contain questions or statements for subject to respond,
often anonymously p. 172. The advantage of questionnaire was its ability to obtain data from a large number of samples in a relatively quick and economical
way. The researcher used two kinds of questionnaires, namely closed-ended questionnaire and open-ended questionnaire.
a. Closed-ended Questionnaire
According to Wiersma 1995, in closed-ended questionnaire, the participants can choose their answers by circling or crossing the answer from the
provided options since closed-ended questionnaire provides the participants some alternatives of answers p. 181. The researcher applied closed-ended
questionnaire by alternatives answer to help the participants find their perception.
Table 3.2 Blueprint of Questionnaire Form
b. Open-ended Questionnaire As Ary et al. 2002 point out, in open-ended questionnaire, the participants
can share their opinions, beliefs, and suggestions more openly p.389. Therefore,
No. Questions
Desciptions
1. 1 to 2
These two questioned asked about the students’ background knowledge of English
2. 3 to 9
These questions gathered data about the students’ learning process in Kumon English Course
3. 10 to 16
These questions collected data about the students’ result of using independent learning in Kumon
English Course
26 open-ended
questionnaire required participants’ background knowledge about the
related research. The researcher employed open-ended questionnaire in the several numbers.
It aimed to give the participants a freedom to share their reasons and opinions.
D. Data Gathering Technique
The instruments were used in this research were interview and questionnaire. The researcher conducted the process of gathering data and
information in sequence steps. Firstly, the researcher interviewed 4 instructors about how independent learning was applied in Kumon English Course. Then,
after getting the information of independent learning implemented, the researcher made questionnaires for 30 students who were 6 to 12 years old in Kumon English
Course . The questionnaires were in Indonesian and used simple language in order
to make the students could catch the meaning of the statement easily. After getting the data from the questionnaires, the researcher could give the idea for the
improvements of independent learning in Kumon English Course. Since the improvement was related with the theories, the researcher used library study.
E. Data Analysis Technique
After the researcher interviewed the 4 instructors in Kumon Jati Mulyo in order to find out how independent learning applied in Kumon English Course, the
researcher made transcript from the interview results then analyzed it. From the analysis, the researcher made a questionnaire to dig out the student
s’ perception.
27 The questionnaires involved 16 questions. The 10 questions were about
closed-ended questions. Because the participants were children, the researcher provided 6 open-ended questions to gain their reasons and opinion toward their
answers of closed-ended questions. Each statement of the questionnaire indicated certain meaning that would interpret the result of the research. The researcher
classified the same answers of each statement. The researcher made a classification of students’ perception based on the total score of each
questionnaire result. By the scale, students’ perception on the implementation of independent learning in Kumon English Course could be measured from the total
score of each respondent. 1.
The students had good perception if the total score was between 7-12 2.
The students had negative perception if the total score was between 0-6 After the researcher finished in sorting the same answers to each statement,
the researcher continued to calculate the percentage of students’ responses. The
percentage s of the students’ responses to the questionnaire results were presented
in the table and discussed in the form of paragraphs. After the questionnaire data in the first part were all collected and analyzed, the researcher analyzed the
second data that was the results of open-ended questions. The percentages of students’ answers were presented and discussed in the form of paragraphs.
After the questionnaire data were collected and analyzed, the researcher conducted interview. The researcher chose 5 students yet filled the all level of
study. The categorization of level of study was explained as follow: 1.
Level 7A up to C : beginner level
