Kumon English Course Research Benefits

9 obtain recently with the information that they obtained in the past. From those definitions, perception is viewed as the responses to a stimulus or to surroundings. However, perception will create behavioral responses. For example, when a child has positive perception of independent learning method in the place that he or she is studying, he or she will create a positive behavioral response toward that activity. A figure 2.1.1 figure out the perceptional process from a person gets the stimuli until he or she can response it in a behavioral. Figure 2.1.1 The Perceptual Process Altman et al., 1985:86 People have different ways to select and group the stimuli. It is different because there are several factors. Altman et al., 1985 explains that the way we interpret the information depends on several factors, including clarify and familiarity of the stimuli, our physical characteristics, our needs and values, knowledge, feelings, and past experience. McShane and Glinow 2005 explain that the attention from the environmental stimuli is based on our senses. p. 76 Therefore, there are various factors that influence people’s perception although they have a similar stimulus. Stimuli Sensory’ selection of stimuli Perception, organization, and interpretation of stimuli Behavioral response 10 “There are four vital factors which can influence someone to have perception towards something. ” Altman, et al., 1985, p.86. They are: 1. Selectivity A person cannot catch all the stimuli in his environment. Each person selects certain stimuli. The selection of stimuli will be different from one person to another. The different selection of stimuli because different interest towards something. It is supported by Gibson, Ivancevich, and Donnelly 1997 that people tend to ignore information or cues that make them feel discomfort. People will take the stimuli based on what they want and most of that stimulus is usually the positive one. 2. Organization of Stimuli According to Gibson et al., 1997, individuals tend to perceive data as organized wholes. Stimuli that people perceived will influence people’s perception when organize them. “The selected stimuli should be organized in order to be meaningful. ” Altman et al., p. 87. The arrangement of stimuli affects the people’s perception. 3. The Situation A stimulus can be interpreted meaningfully by people based on their experiences. A situation in the past affects what people perceive. “Perceiving a situation accurately is also related to how well a person adjusts his or her behavior