42 1.
Instruments for Research and Information Collecting In this study, the researcher involved two kinds of instruments, namely
interview and questionnaire. In order to find out how the learning and teaching
process in the speaking activity from the teacher, the researcher used interview where the interviewee could give their answer freely and it was effective to gain
much more information about the speaking activity done in the classroom. The second instrument used was questionnaire in which the students gave their answer
to the information needed. 2.
Instruments for Preliminary Field Testing
The instrument employed in this study was also questionnaire in order to
gain feedback, comments and suggestions from English teachers of SMA Pangudi Luhur
Sedayu and also the lecturers of Sanata Dharma University.
D. Data Gathering Technique
In this study, the researcher conducted interview with English teachers and attempted to use questionnaire to gain the data from the tenth grade students of
SMA Pangudi Luhur Sedayu. Next, the researcher distributed questionnaires and
the designed materials to the assessors. The designed materials were examined by the assessors who included teachers of SMA Pangudi Luhur Sedayu and two
lectures of Sanata Dharma University. The summary of data needed was presented in the table 3.1
43
Table 3.1 The Expected Data
Step Data needed
Participant Instrument 1.Research
and Information
Collecting 1.
Students’ characteristic and students’ need:
- Students’ motivation
- Students’ participation
- Students’ enthusiasm
- Students’ level of intelligence
2. Student’s obstacles in
learning English 3.
Students’ learning experiences using video
4. Students’ perception of
learning using video 5.
Goals, topic, and general purposes:
- Goals
- Students’ interesting topics
- General purposes
6. Objectives
- Indicator
7. Learning activities and
materials which has been used 8.
Method and technique used by teacher to teach speaking skill
9. Media used in classroom
Teacher, The tenth
grade students
Interview, Questionnaire
2. Preliminary Field
Testing 1.
The accordance between learning activities and
English teacher
Questionnaire
44
Step Data needed
Participant Instrument objectives of the design with
the learners’ need 2.
The quality of the design -
Lay out: appearance -
Contents: activities 3.
Feedback 4.
Comment 5.
Suggestion PBI
lecturers
E. Data Analysis Technique
Ary et al 2002: 465 state that data analysis is a time-consuming and difficult process, because typically the researcher faces massive amount of field
notes, interview transcripts, and information from documents to examine and interpret. Analysis involves reducing and organizing the data, synthesizing,
searching for significant pattern, and discovering what is important. The task can appear overwhelming, but becomes manageable when broken down into stages.
Three steps are involved in data analysis: organizing the data, summarizing the data, and interpreting the data.
This section would elaborate the technique used to analyze the obtained data. The data gained from classroom observation, interview, and questionnaires
were analyzed through qualitative data analysis. Each result from the instrument would be analyzed and reported in a form of descriptive paragraph. The data
45 gathered from all instruments were used to construct the instructional materials for
tenth grade students of SMA Pangudi Luhur Sedayu.
F. Research Procedure
