Background of the Study

1

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This chapter elaborates background of the study, problem formulation, objectives of the study, benefits of the study, research area limitation, and definition of terms.

A. Background of the Study

As we know today English has been very familiar and important because of its status which is an international language. Almost all of the countries need it as an instrument to make relationship to each other. English is no longer a strange subject for students because English is supposed to be introduced to students since they were kids. The Indonesian government realizes it so that it is taught as a compulsory subject in school from the elementary level. There are four basic skills to be taught based on competency speaking, listening, reading, and writing which also include three elements namely grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. Students who are in the tenth grade of Senior High School had experienced many ways of English learning since they have learned English at least 3 years in Junior High School. They are at the time when English should be familiar for them. In that age, although they are tenth graders, they still have certain obstacles and various problems concerning English learning. In the researcher’s interview with the tenth grade students in the SMA Pangudi Luhur Sedayu, students said that the English teacher of senior high 2 school, however, only emphasizes on the grammar, reading and vocabulary. Moreover, it is difficult for the teacher to ask students to speak English because of the limited time in classroom. Conducting an English activity for the tenth grade students of SMA Pangudi Luhur Sedayu is rather difficult because the teacher has some difficulties in encouraging the students to speak in class. Most of students are afraid of speaking English. The tendency is that students find boredom in conducting speaking activities because they have the tendency to focus on a certain textbook textbook oriented. Usually the teacher only follows the direction from the textbook without paying attention to the certain factors influencing students’ motivation. Another finding is that actually the students were very eager to speak the target language but they felt ashamed of making mistakes. Sometimes they did not have any idea what to say even though they have already learnt English since they were in elementary school. The students admit that they still have problems such as the limitation of mastering vocabulary, the motivation to learn English, and grammar understanding. In Indonesia, Videos develop listening and speaking skill since they encourage students to understand the meaning. English videos have various elements facilitating students to learn English. Those are vocabulary mastery, understanding word in context, and receiving messages. According to Rice 1993 “video in the classroom has a purpose beyond entertainment: it is a tool to help your students learn English”. Knowing the classroom problems and the obstacles that students meet, the researcher tries to solve those problems by presenting supplementary English 3 speaking materials using video in the form of interactive multimedia which focus on the problems mentioned previously. The interactive multimedia is chosen since the researcher plan to design interesting English activities and fortunately SMA Pangudi Luhur Sedayu has sophisticated multimedia lab supported by internet connection. The researcher will develop interesting materials as the requirement of the students’ needs. The researcher suggests video as an alternative to help students to express themselves in speaking and develop the students’ interest in English. The purpose is to create certain speaking activity which is full of enjoyment in the classroom. By using video in the interactive multimedia, the students are expected to learn English enthusiastically and have great motivation. The researcher hopes that after getting student’s motivation, English will be an enjoyable subject in classroom. Thus by using video in conducting speaking activities, students are helped to speak and enjoy it. This study is also an effort to provide useful activities where the students are directed to focus on meanings rather than on the grammar rules. It does not mean that students do not focus on the grammar but they emphasize on the conversation they make based of the content of the video. The research is conducted in order to trigger students to speak fluently and confidently. The creative materials should be created to refresh the students’ learning habits. The researcher chooses speaking skill as the skill to improve because the classroom activity only emphasizes on grammar, reading comprehension and vocabulary. It results that there are no opportunities to do speaking activities. Certain approach is chosen because of the lack of various activities in classroom, 4 so that it makes the students bored. Then a certain approach is needed to enhance students’ motivation to learn English that is using video. The researcher offers the materials as supplementary materials because it will become an alternative for teacher to apply the materials beside the textbook. Not all materials will be used during whole semester because of its nature which is supplementary. Here, the researcher provides suitable topics based on the syllabus used for tenth grade.

B. Problem Formulation