14 2005 mention that the Internet literacy is crucial in giving them the effectiveness
and opportunity p. 6. For example, the Internet is effective for sending email or CV. The last, Livingstone et al. 2005 mention that the Internet literacy allows
the Internet users to be active p. 6. For example, making some educational websites.
c. Blended Learning
Next, the researcher describes four parts of blended learning. They are the definitions of blended learning, components of a blended learning arrangement,
models of blended learning, and advantages and disadvantages of blended learning.
1 Definitions of Blended Learning
There are some experts who talk about the blended learning. Yeh 2007 claims that there are many similar names to the blended learning. Yeh 2007
claim s “blended learning also referred to as flexible learning, e-learning, hybrid
learning, mixed learning, or combined resource teaching is transforming how instructors view education” p. 406. Sometimes the students are not too familiar
to the term of blended learning because they have their own term to say it in their campus or school.
Thorne 2003 also emphasizes “it represents an opportunity to integrate
the innovative and technological advances offered by online learning with the interaction and participation offered in the best of traditional learning
” p. 2. Based on this statement, Thorne 2003 suggests that blended learning will give
the opportunity to the students if it integrates the online and traditional learning.
15 Thus, the students can feel a better integration by using the innovative and
technological advances. Bailey, Ellis, Schneider, and Ark 2013 claim that the blended learning is
“a formal education program in which a student learns at least in part through online delivery of content and instruction with some element of student control
over time, place, path, andor pace” p. 1. Based on their statement, blended learning has been a formal education where the students learn through the online
delivery right now. It means that the students are also asked to learn independently by controlling their own time, place, path, and or pace.
Figure 2.3 Concept of Blended Learning Orange Charter School, 2014
In Figure 2.3, Orange Charter School 2014 describes the concept of the blended learning. In Figure 2.3, there are three parts, namely the time in the
classroom face-to-face learning, independent learning online, and collaboration in the classroom and online. The face-to-face learning means that the students
learn in the classroom with their lecturer. Then, the online learning means that
